CD86: Difference between revisions

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{{About|the molecule|the compilation album|CD86 (album)}}
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{{Infobox_gene}}
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'''Cluster of Differentiation 86''' (also known as '''CD86''' and '''B7-2''') is a [[protein]] expressed on [[antigen-presenting cells]] that provides [[co-stimulation|costimulatory signals]] necessary for [[T cell]] activation and survival. It is the [[ligand (biochemistry)|ligand]] for two different proteins on the T cell surface: [[CD28]] (for autoregulation and intercellular association) and [[CTLA-4]] (for attenuation of regulation and cellular disassociation). CD86 works in tandem with [[CD80]] to prime T cells.
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| update_citations = yes
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<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
The ''CD86'' [[gene]] encodes a type I membrane protein that is a member of the [[immunoglobulin]] superfamily.<ref name="pmid7513726">{{cite journal | vauthors = Chen C, Gault A, Shen L, Nabavi N | title = Molecular cloning and expression of early T cell costimulatory molecule-1 and its characterization as B7-2 molecule | journal = Journal of Immunology | volume = 152 | issue = 10 | pages = 4929–36 | date = May 1994 | pmid = 7513726 | doi =  }}</ref> [[Alternative splicing]] results in two transcript variants encoding different [[protein isoform|isoform]]s. Additional transcript variants have been described, but their full-length sequences have not been determined.<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: CD86 CD86 molecule| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=942| accessdate = }}</ref>
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = CD86 structure.gif
| image_source = [[Protein_Data_Bank|PDB]] rendering based on 1i85.
| PDB = {{PDB2|1i85}}, {{PDB2|1ncn}}
| Name = CD86 molecule
| HGNCid = 1705
| Symbol = CD86
| AltSymbols =; B7-2; B70; CD28LG2; LAB72; MGC34413
| OMIM = 601020
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 10443
| MGIid = 101773
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_CD86_205686_s_at_tn.png
| GeneAtlas_image2 = PBB_GE_CD86_205685_at_tn.png
| GeneAtlas_image3 = PBB_GE_CD86_210895_s_at_tn.png
  | Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005515 |text = protein binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0015026 |text = coreceptor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016563 |text = transcription activator activity}}
  | Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005886 |text = plasma membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0009897 |text = external side of plasma membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016021 |text = integral to membrane}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006955 |text = immune response}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007267 |text = cell-cell signaling}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008284 |text = positive regulation of cell proliferation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0042110 |text = T cell activation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0043017 |text = positive regulation of lymphotoxin A biosynthetic process}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0045086 |text = positive regulation of interleukin-2 biosynthetic process}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0045404 |text = positive regulation of interleukin-4 biosynthetic process}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0045630 |text = positive regulation of T-helper 2 cell differentiation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0045941 |text = positive regulation of transcription}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
    | Hs_EntrezGene = 942
    | Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000114013
    | Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_008820
    | Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_006889
    | Hs_GenLoc_db = 
    | Hs_GenLoc_chr = 3
    | Hs_GenLoc_start = 123256911
    | Hs_GenLoc_end = 123322672
    | Hs_Uniprot = P42081
    | Mm_EntrezGene = 12524
    | Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000022901
    | Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_019388
    | Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_062261
    | Mm_GenLoc_db = 
    | Mm_GenLoc_chr = 16
    | Mm_GenLoc_start = 36523108
    | Mm_GenLoc_end = 36585290
    | Mm_Uniprot = Q3T9F8
  }}
}}


The protein '''CD86''' ('''C'''luster of '''D'''ifferentiation '''86''') is a molecule which provides a costimulatory signal necessary for T cell activation and survival. It is also known as '''B7.2'''. Its principal mode of action is by binding to [[CD28]]. Along with [[CD80]], these molecules provide the necessary stimuli to prime T cells against antigens presented by antigen-presenting cells.
== See also ==
* [[Cluster of differentiation]]
* [[CD80]]
* [[CD28]]
* [[CTLA-4]]
* [[List of human clusters of differentiation]] for a list of CD molecules


<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
== References ==
{{PBB_Summary
{{Reflist}}
| section_title =  
| summary_text = This gene encodes a type I membrane protein that is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. This protein is expressed by antigen-presenting cells, and it is the ligand for two proteins at the cell surface of T cells, CD28 antigen and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4. Binding of this protein with CD28 antigen is a costimulatory signal for activation of the T-cell. Binding of this protein with cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 negatively regulates T-cell activation and diminishes the immune response. Alternative splicing results in two transcript variants encoding different isoforms. Additional transcript variants have been described, but their full-length sequences have not been determined.<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: CD86 CD86 molecule| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=942| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}


==See also==
==External links==
* [[Cluster of differentiation]]
* {{UCSC gene info|CD86}}


==References==
== Further reading ==
{{reflist|2}}
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Davila S, Froeling FE, Tan A, Bonnard C, Boland GJ, Snippe H, Hibberd ML, Seielstad M | title = New genetic associations detected in a host response study to hepatitis B vaccine | journal = Genes and Immunity | volume = 11 | issue = 3 | pages = 232–8 | date = April 2010 | pmid = 20237496 | doi = 10.1038/gene.2010.1 }}
| citations =  
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Csillag A, Boldogh I, Pazmandi K, Magyarics Z, Gogolak P, Sur S, Rajnavolgyi E, Bacsi A | title = Pollen-induced oxidative stress influences both innate and adaptive immune responses via altering dendritic cell functions | journal = Journal of Immunology | volume = 184 | issue = 5 | pages = 2377–85 | date = March 2010 | pmid = 20118277 | pmc = 3028537 | doi = 10.4049/jimmunol.0803938 }}
}}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Bossé Y, Lemire M, Poon AH, Daley D, He JQ, Sandford A, White JH, James AL, Musk AW, Palmer LJ, Raby BA, Weiss ST, Kozyrskyj AL, Becker A, Hudson TJ, Laprise C | title = Asthma and genes encoding components of the vitamin D pathway | journal = Respiratory Research | volume = 10 | issue =  | pages = 98 | date = October 2009 | pmid = 19852851 | pmc = 2779188 | doi = 10.1186/1465-9921-10-98 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Mosbruger TL, Duggal P, Goedert JJ, Kirk GD, Hoots WK, Tobler LH, Busch M, Peters MG, Rosen HR, Thomas DL, Thio CL | title = Large-scale candidate gene analysis of spontaneous clearance of hepatitis C virus | journal = The Journal of Infectious Diseases | volume = 201 | issue = 9 | pages = 1371–80 | date = May 2010 | pmid = 20331378 | pmc = 2853721 | doi = 10.1086/651606 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Bugeon L, Dallman MJ | title = Costimulation of T cells | journal = American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine | volume = 162 | issue = 4 Pt 2 | pages = S164-8 | date = October 2000 | pmid = 11029388 | doi = 10.1164/ajrccm.162.supplement_3.15tac5 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Pan XM, Gao LB, Liang WB, Liu Y, Zhu Y, Tang M, Li YB, Zhang L | title = CD86 +1057 G/A polymorphism and the risk of colorectal cancer | journal = DNA and Cell Biology | volume = 29 | issue = 7 | pages = 381–6 | date = July 2010 | pmid = 20380573 | doi = 10.1089/dna.2009.1003 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Dalla-Costa R, Pincerati MR, Beltrame MH, Malheiros D, Petzl-Erler ML | title = Polymorphisms in the 2q33 and 3q21 chromosome regions including T-cell coreceptor and ligand genes may influence susceptibility to pemphigus foliaceus | journal = Human Immunology | volume = 71 | issue = 8 | pages = 809–17 | date = August 2010 | pmid = 20433886 | doi = 10.1016/j.humimm.2010.04.001 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Talmud PJ, Drenos F, Shah S, Shah T, Palmen J, Verzilli C, Gaunt TR, Pallas J, Lovering R, Li K, Casas JP, Sofat R, Kumari M, Rodriguez S, Johnson T, Newhouse SJ, Dominiczak A, Samani NJ, Caulfield M, Sever P, Stanton A, Shields DC, Padmanabhan S, Melander O, Hastie C, Delles C, Ebrahim S, Marmot MG, Smith GD, Lawlor DA, Munroe PB, Day IN, Kivimaki M, Whittaker J, Humphries SE, Hingorani AD | title = Gene-centric association signals for lipids and apolipoproteins identified via the HumanCVD BeadChip | journal = American Journal of Human Genetics | volume = 85 | issue = 5 | pages = 628–42 | date = November 2009 | pmid = 19913121 | pmc = 2775832 | doi = 10.1016/j.ajhg.2009.10.014 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Carreño LJ, Pacheco R, Gutierrez MA, Jacobelli S, Kalergis AM | title = Disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus is associated with an altered expression of low-affinity Fc gamma receptors and costimulatory molecules on dendritic cells | journal = Immunology | volume = 128 | issue = 3 | pages = 334–41 | date = November 2009 | pmid = 20067533 | pmc = 2770681 | doi = 10.1111/j.1365-2567.2009.03138.x }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Koyasu S | title = The role of PI3K in immune cells | journal = Nature Immunology | volume = 4 | issue = 4 | pages = 313–9 | date = April 2003 | pmid = 12660731 | doi = 10.1038/ni0403-313 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Kim SH, Lee JE, Kim SH, Jee YK, Kim YK, Park HS, Min KU, Park HW | title = Allelic variants of CD40 and CD40L genes interact to promote antibiotic-induced cutaneous allergic reactions | journal = Clinical and Experimental Allergy | volume = 39 | issue = 12 | pages = 1852–6 | date = December 2009 | pmid = 19735272 | doi = 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2009.03336.x }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Liu Y, Liang WB, Gao LB, Pan XM, Chen TY, Wang YY, Xue H, Zhang LS, Zhang L | title = CTLA4 and CD86 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | journal = Human Immunology | volume = 71 | issue = 11 | pages = 1141–6 | date = November 2010 | pmid = 20732370 | doi = 10.1016/j.humimm.2010.08.007 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Ma XN, Wang X, Yan YY, Yang L, Zhang DL, Sheng X, Liu XM, Huang H, Dai J, Zhong YJ, Liao LC | title = Absence of association between CD86 +1057G/A polymorphism and coronary artery disease | journal = DNA and Cell Biology | volume = 29 | issue = 6 | pages = 325–8 | date = June 2010 | pmid = 20230296 | doi = 10.1089/dna.2009.0987 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Ishizaki Y, Yukaya N, Kusuhara K, Kira R, Torisu H, Ihara K, Sakai Y, Sanefuji M, Pipo-Deveza JR, Silao CL, Sanchez BC, Lukban MB, Salonga AM, Hara T | title = PD1 as a common candidate susceptibility gene of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis | journal = Human Genetics | volume = 127 | issue = 4 | pages = 411–9 | date = April 2010 | pmid = 20066438 | doi = 10.1007/s00439-009-0781-z }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Chang TT, Kuchroo VK, Sharpe AH | title = Role of the B7-CD28/CTLA-4 pathway in autoimmune disease | journal = Current Directions in Autoimmunity | volume = 5 | issue =  | pages = 113–30 | year = 2002 | pmid = 11826754 | doi = 10.1159/000060550 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Grujic M, Bartholdy C, Remy M, Pinschewer DD, Christensen JP, Thomsen AR | title = The role of CD80/CD86 in generation and maintenance of functional virus-specific CD8+ T cells in mice infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus | journal = Journal of Immunology | volume = 185 | issue = 3 | pages = 1730–43 | date = August 2010 | pmid = 20601595 | doi = 10.4049/jimmunol.0903894 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Quaranta MG, Mattioli B, Giordani L, Viora M | title = The immunoregulatory effects of HIV-1 Nef on dendritic cells and the pathogenesis of AIDS | journal = FASEB Journal | volume = 20 | issue = 13 | pages = 2198–208 | date = November 2006 | pmid = 17077296 | doi = 10.1096/fj.06-6260rev }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Schuurhof A, Bont L, Siezen CL, Hodemaekers H, van Houwelingen HC, Kimman TG, Hoebee B, Kimpen JL, Janssen R | title = Interleukin-9 polymorphism in infants with respiratory syncytial virus infection: an opposite effect in boys and girls | journal = Pediatric Pulmonology | volume = 45 | issue = 6 | pages = 608–13 | date = June 2010 | pmid = 20503287 | doi = 10.1002/ppul.21229 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Bailey SD, Xie C, Do R, Montpetit A, Diaz R, Mohan V, Keavney B, Yusuf S, Gerstein HC, Engert JC, Anand S | title = Variation at the NFATC2 locus increases the risk of thiazolidinedione-induced edema in the Diabetes REduction Assessment with ramipril and rosiglitazone Medication (DREAM) study | journal = Diabetes Care | volume = 33 | issue = 10 | pages = 2250–3 | date = October 2010 | pmid = 20628086 | pmc = 2945168 | doi = 10.2337/dc10-0452 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Radziewicz H, Ibegbu CC, Hon H, Bédard N, Bruneau J, Workowski KA, Knechtle SJ, Kirk AD, Larsen CP, Shoukry NH, Grakoui A | title = Transient CD86 expression on hepatitis C virus-specific CD8+ T cells in acute infection is linked to sufficient IL-2 signaling | journal = Journal of Immunology | volume = 184 | issue = 5 | pages = 2410–22 | date = March 2010 | pmid = 20100932 | pmc = 2924663 | doi = 10.4049/jimmunol.0902994 }}
{{refend}}
{{refend}}
{{PDB Gallery|geneid=942}}
{{Clusters of differentiation}}
{{B7 Family}}


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[[Category:Clusters of differentiation]]
[[Category:Clusters of differentiation]]
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Latest revision as of 00:54, 27 October 2017

This article is about the molecule. For the compilation album, see CD86 (album).
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Cluster of Differentiation 86 (also known as CD86 and B7-2) is a protein expressed on antigen-presenting cells that provides costimulatory signals necessary for T cell activation and survival. It is the ligand for two different proteins on the T cell surface: CD28 (for autoregulation and intercellular association) and CTLA-4 (for attenuation of regulation and cellular disassociation). CD86 works in tandem with CD80 to prime T cells.

The CD86 gene encodes a type I membrane protein that is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily.[1] Alternative splicing results in two transcript variants encoding different isoforms. Additional transcript variants have been described, but their full-length sequences have not been determined.[2]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Chen C, Gault A, Shen L, Nabavi N (May 1994). "Molecular cloning and expression of early T cell costimulatory molecule-1 and its characterization as B7-2 molecule". Journal of Immunology. 152 (10): 4929–36. PMID 7513726.
  2. ↑ "Entrez Gene: CD86 CD86 molecule".

External links

Further reading

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.

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