Retinal G protein coupled receptor: Difference between revisions

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<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{Infobox_gene}}
{{PBB_Controls
'''RPE-retinal G protein-coupled receptor''' also known as RGR-opsin is a [[protein]] that in humans is encoded by the ''RGR'' [[gene]].<ref name="pmid8641686">{{cite journal | vauthors = Chen XN, Korenberg JR, Jiang M, Shen D, Fong HK | title = Localization of the human RGR opsin gene to chromosome 10q23 | journal = Human Genetics | volume = 97 | issue = 6 | pages = 720–2 | date = Jun 1996 | pmid = 8641686 | pmc = | doi = 10.1007/BF02346179 }}</ref><ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: RGR retinal G protein coupled receptor| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=5995| accessdate = }}</ref>
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = no
| update_citations = yes
}}


<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
== Function ==
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image =
| image_source =
| PDB =
| Name = Retinal G protein coupled receptor
| HGNCid = 9990
| Symbol = RGR
| AltSymbols =;
| OMIM = 600342
| ECnumber = 
| Homologene = 37709
| MGIid = 1929473
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_RGR_207070_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0001584 |text = rhodopsin-like receptor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004872 |text = receptor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005515 |text = protein binding}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005887 |text = integral to plasma membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016020 |text = membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016021 |text = integral to membrane}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007165 |text = signal transduction}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007186 |text = G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007601 |text = visual perception}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007602 |text = phototransduction}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0018298 |text = protein-chromophore linkage}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0050896 |text = response to stimulus}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
    | Hs_EntrezGene = 5995
    | Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000148604
    | Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_001012738
    | Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_001012720
    | Hs_GenLoc_db = 
    | Hs_GenLoc_chr = 10
    | Hs_GenLoc_start = 85994789
    | Hs_GenLoc_end = 86009696
    | Hs_Uniprot = P47804
    | Mm_EntrezGene = 57811
    | Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000021804
    | Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_021340
    | Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_067315
    | Mm_GenLoc_db = 
    | Mm_GenLoc_chr = 14
    | Mm_GenLoc_start = 35948731
    | Mm_GenLoc_end = 35960205
    | Mm_Uniprot = Q3UEX9
  }}
}}
'''Retinal G protein coupled receptor''', also known as '''RGR''', is a human [[gene]].<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: RGR retinal G protein coupled receptor| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=5995| accessdate = }}</ref>


<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
RGR-opsin is a member of the [[rhodopsin-like receptor]] subfamily of [[GPCR]]. Like other opsins which bind retinaldehyde, it contains a conserved lysine residue in the seventh transmembrane domain.<ref name="Jiang_1993">{{cite journal | vauthors = Jiang M, Pandey S, Fong HK | title = An opsin homologue in the retina and pigment epithelium | journal = Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science | volume = 34 | issue = 13 | pages = 3669–78 | date = Dec 1993 | pmid = 8258527 }}</ref><ref name="Shen_1994">{{cite journal | vauthors = Shen D, Jiang M, Hao W, Tao L, Salazar M, Fong HK | title = A human opsin-related gene that encodes a retinaldehyde-binding protein | journal = Biochemistry | volume = 33 | issue = 44 | pages = 13117–25 | date = Nov 1994 | pmid = 7947717 | doi = 10.1021/bi00248a022 }}</ref> RGR-opsin preferentially binds all-trans-retinal,<ref name="Shen_1994" /> which is the dominant form in the dark adapted retina,upon light exposure it is isomerized to 11-cis-retinal.<ref name="Hao_1999">{{cite journal|last1=Hao|first1=W|last2=Fong|first2=HK|title=The endogenous chromophore of retinal G protein-coupled receptor opsin from the pigment epithelium.|journal=The Journal of Biological Chemistry|date=5 March 1999|volume=274|issue=10|pages=6085–90|pmid=10037690|doi=10.1074/jbc.274.10.6085}}</ref> Therefore, RGR-opsin presumably acts as a photoisomerase to convert all-trans-[[retinal]] to 11-cis-retinal, similar to [[retinochrome]] in [[invertebrates]]. 11-cis-retinal is isomerized back within rhodopsin and the iodopsins in the [[rod cell|rod]]s and [[cone cell|cone]]s of the retina. RGR-opsin is exclusively expressed in tissue close to the rods and cones, the [[retinal pigment epithelium]] (RPE) and [[Müller cells]].<ref name="Jiang_1993" /> RGR-opsin may be associated with autosomal recessive and autosomal dominant [[retinitis pigmentosa]] (arRP and adRP, respectively). RGR-opsin comes in different isoforms produced by alternative splicing.<ref name="entrez" />
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = Defects in this gene are a cause of [[retinitis pigmentosa]]. The gene is a member of the [[rhodopsin-like receptor]] subfamily of [[GPCR]]. Like other opsins which bind retinaldehyde, it contains a conserved lysine residue in the seventh transmembrane domain. The protein presumably acts as a photoisomerase to catalyze the conversion of all-trans-[[retinal]] to 11-cis-retinal, similar to [[retinochrome]] in [[invertebrates]]. The reverse isomerization occurs with rhodopsin in retinal photoreceptor cells. The protein is exclusively expressed in tissue adjacent to retinal photoreceptor cells, the retinal pigment epithelium and Mueller cells. This gene may be associated with autosomal recessive and autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (arRP and adRP, respectively). Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: RGR retinal G protein coupled receptor| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=5995| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}


==References==
== Interactions ==
{{reflist|2}}
 
==Further reading==
RGR-opsin has been shown to [[Protein-protein interaction|interact]] with [[KIAA1279]].<ref name=pmid16189514>{{cite journal|authorlink30=Huda Zoghbi | vauthors = Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, Hirozane-Kishikawa T, Dricot A, Li N, Berriz GF, Gibbons FD, Dreze M, Ayivi-Guedehoussou N, Klitgord N, Simon C, Boxem M, Milstein S, Rosenberg J, Goldberg DS, Zhang LV, Wong SL, Franklin G, Li S, Albala JS, Lim J, Fraughton C, Llamosas E, Cevik S, Bex C, Lamesch P, Sikorski RS, Vandenhaute J, Zoghbi HY, Smolyar A, Bosak S, Sequerra R, Doucette-Stamm L, Cusick ME, Hill DE, Roth FP, Vidal M | title = Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network | journal = Nature | volume = 437 | issue = 7062 | pages = 1173–8 | date = Oct 2005 | pmid = 16189514 | doi = 10.1038/nature04209 }}</ref>
 
== References ==
{{reflist}}
 
== Further reading ==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Jiang M, Shen D, Tao L, Pandey S, Heller K, Fong HK | title = Alternative splicing in human retinal mRNA transcripts of an opsin-related protein | journal = Experimental Eye Research | volume = 60 | issue = 4 | pages = 401–6 | date = Apr 1995 | pmid = 7789419 | doi = 10.1016/S0014-4835(05)80096-X }}
| citations =
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Shen D, Jiang M, Hao W, Tao L, Salazar M, Fong HK | title = A human opsin-related gene that encodes a retinaldehyde-binding protein | journal = Biochemistry | volume = 33 | issue = 44 | pages = 13117–25 | date = Nov 1994 | pmid = 7947717 | doi = 10.1021/bi00248a022 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Jiang M, Shen D, Tao L, ''et al.'' |title=Alternative splicing in human retinal mRNA transcripts of an opsin-related protein. |journal=Exp. Eye Res. |volume=60 |issue= 4 |pages= 401-6 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7789419 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Morimura H, Saindelle-Ribeaudeau F, Berson EL, Dryja TP | title = Mutations in RGR, encoding a light-sensitive opsin homologue, in patients with retinitis pigmentosa | journal = Nature Genetics | volume = 23 | issue = 4 | pages = 393–4 | date = Dec 1999 | pmid = 10581022 | doi = 10.1038/70496 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Shen D, Jiang M, Hao W, ''et al.'' |title=A human opsin-related gene that encodes a retinaldehyde-binding protein. |journal=Biochemistry |volume=33 |issue= 44 |pages= 13117-25 |year= 1994 |pmid= 7947717 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Chen P, Lee TD, Fong HK | title = Interaction of 11-cis-retinol dehydrogenase with the chromophore of retinal g protein-coupled receptor opsin | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 276 | issue = 24 | pages = 21098–104 | date = Jun 2001 | pmid = 11274198 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M010441200 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Chen XN, Korenberg JR, Jiang M, ''et al.'' |title=Localization of the human RGR opsin gene to chromosome 10q23. |journal=Hum. Genet. |volume=97 |issue= 6 |pages= 720-2 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8641686 |doi=  }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Yang M, Fong HK | title = Synthesis of the all-trans-retinal chromophore of retinal G protein-coupled receptor opsin in cultured pigment epithelial cells | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 277 | issue = 5 | pages = 3318–24 | date = Feb 2002 | pmid = 11723126 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M108946200 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Morimura H, Saindelle-Ribeaudeau F, Berson EL, Dryja TP |title=Mutations in RGR, encoding a light-sensitive opsin homologue, in patients with retinitis pigmentosa. |journal=Nat. Genet. |volume=23 |issue= 4 |pages= 393-4 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10581022 |doi= 10.1038/70496 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Bellingham J, Wells DJ, Foster RG | title = In silico characterisation and chromosomal localisation of human RRH (peropsin)--implications for opsin evolution | journal = BMC Genomics | volume = 4 | issue = 1 | pages = 3 | date = Jan 2003 | pmid = 12542842 | pmc = 149353 | doi = 10.1186/1471-2164-4-3 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Chen P, Lee TD, Fong HK |title=Interaction of 11-cis-retinol dehydrogenase with the chromophore of retinal g protein-coupled receptor opsin. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=276 |issue= 24 |pages= 21098-104 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11274198 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M010441200 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Tarttelin EE, Bellingham J, Bibb LC, Foster RG, Hankins MW, Gregory-Evans K, Gregory-Evans CY, Wells DJ, Lucas RJ | title = Expression of opsin genes early in ocular development of humans and mice | journal = Experimental Eye Research | volume = 76 | issue = 3 | pages = 393–6 | date = Mar 2003 | pmid = 12573668 | doi = 10.1016/S0014-4835(02)00300-7 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Yang M, Fong HK |title=Synthesis of the all-trans-retinal chromophore of retinal G protein-coupled receptor opsin in cultured pigment epithelial cells. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=277 |issue= 5 |pages= 3318-24 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11723126 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M108946200 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Bernal S, Calaf M, Garcia-Hoyos M, Garcia-Sandoval B, Rosell J, Adan A, Ayuso C, Baiget M | title = Study of the involvement of the RGR, CRPB1, and CRB1 genes in the pathogenesis of autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa | journal = Journal of Medical Genetics | volume = 40 | issue = 7 | pages = e89 | date = Jul 2003 | pmid = 12843338 | pmc = 1735523 | doi = 10.1136/jmg.40.7.e89 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, ''et al.'' |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899-903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Zhu L, Imanishi Y, Filipek S, Alekseev A, Jastrzebska B, Sun W, Saperstein DA, Palczewski K | title = Autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa and E150K mutation in the opsin gene | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 281 | issue = 31 | pages = 22289–98 | date = Aug 2006 | pmid = 16737970 | pmc = 1618956 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M602664200 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Bellingham J, Wells DJ, Foster RG |title=In silico characterisation and chromosomal localisation of human RRH (peropsin)--implications for opsin evolution. |journal=BMC Genomics |volume=4 |issue= 1 |pages= 3 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12542842 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Lin MY, Kochounian H, Moore RE, Lee TD, Rao N, Fong HK | title = Deposition of exon-skipping splice isoform of human retinal G protein-coupled receptor from retinal pigment epithelium into Bruch's membrane | journal = Molecular Vision | volume = 13 | issue =  | pages = 1203–14 | year = 2007 | pmid = 17679941 | doi =  }}
*{{cite journal | author=Tarttelin EE, Bellingham J, Bibb LC, ''et al.'' |title=Expression of opsin genes early in ocular development of humans and mice. |journal=Exp. Eye Res. |volume=76 |issue= 3 |pages= 393-6 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12573668 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Bernal S, Calaf M, Garcia-Hoyos M, ''et al.'' |title=Study of the involvement of the RGR, CRPB1, and CRB1 genes in the pathogenesis of autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa. |journal=J. Med. Genet. |volume=40 |issue= 7 |pages= e89 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12843338 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, ''et al.'' |title=The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). |journal=Genome Res. |volume=14 |issue= 10B |pages= 2121-7 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15489334 |doi= 10.1101/gr.2596504 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, ''et al.'' |title=Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network. |journal=Nature |volume=437 |issue= 7062 |pages= 1173-8 |year= 2005 |pmid= 16189514 |doi= 10.1038/nature04209 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Zhu L, Imanishi Y, Filipek S, ''et al.'' |title=Autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa and E150K mutation in the opsin gene. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=281 |issue= 31 |pages= 22289-98 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16737970 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M602664200 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Lin MY, Kochounian H, Moore RE, ''et al.'' |title=Deposition of exon-skipping splice isoform of human retinal G protein-coupled receptor from retinal pigment epithelium into Bruch's membrane. |journal=Mol. Vis. |volume=13 |issue=  |pages= 1203-14 |year= 2007 |pmid= 17679941 |doi=  }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{refend}}


{{membrane-protein-stub}}
{{NLM content}}
{{NLM content}}
{{Eye proteins}}
{{G protein-coupled receptors}}
{{G protein-coupled receptors}}
[[Category:G protein coupled receptors]]
 
[[Category:G protein-coupled receptors]]
{{transmembranereceptor-stub}}

Latest revision as of 18:01, 24 September 2018

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Identifiers
Aliases
External IDsGeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

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Ensembl

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UniProt

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RefSeq (mRNA)

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RefSeq (protein)

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Location (UCSC)n/an/a
PubMed searchn/an/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

RPE-retinal G protein-coupled receptor also known as RGR-opsin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RGR gene.[1][2]

Function

RGR-opsin is a member of the rhodopsin-like receptor subfamily of GPCR. Like other opsins which bind retinaldehyde, it contains a conserved lysine residue in the seventh transmembrane domain.[3][4] RGR-opsin preferentially binds all-trans-retinal,[4] which is the dominant form in the dark adapted retina,upon light exposure it is isomerized to 11-cis-retinal.[5] Therefore, RGR-opsin presumably acts as a photoisomerase to convert all-trans-retinal to 11-cis-retinal, similar to retinochrome in invertebrates. 11-cis-retinal is isomerized back within rhodopsin and the iodopsins in the rods and cones of the retina. RGR-opsin is exclusively expressed in tissue close to the rods and cones, the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and Müller cells.[3] RGR-opsin may be associated with autosomal recessive and autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (arRP and adRP, respectively). RGR-opsin comes in different isoforms produced by alternative splicing.[2]

Interactions

RGR-opsin has been shown to interact with KIAA1279.[6]

References

  1. ↑ Chen XN, Korenberg JR, Jiang M, Shen D, Fong HK (Jun 1996). "Localization of the human RGR opsin gene to chromosome 10q23". Human Genetics. 97 (6): 720–2. doi:10.1007/BF02346179. PMID 8641686.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Entrez Gene: RGR retinal G protein coupled receptor".
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Jiang M, Pandey S, Fong HK (Dec 1993). "An opsin homologue in the retina and pigment epithelium". Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science. 34 (13): 3669–78. PMID 8258527.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Shen D, Jiang M, Hao W, Tao L, Salazar M, Fong HK (Nov 1994). "A human opsin-related gene that encodes a retinaldehyde-binding protein". Biochemistry. 33 (44): 13117–25. doi:10.1021/bi00248a022. PMID 7947717.
  5. ↑ Hao, W; Fong, HK (5 March 1999). "The endogenous chromophore of retinal G protein-coupled receptor opsin from the pigment epithelium". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 274 (10): 6085–90. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.10.6085. PMID 10037690.
  6. ↑ Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, Hirozane-Kishikawa T, Dricot A, Li N, Berriz GF, Gibbons FD, Dreze M, Ayivi-Guedehoussou N, Klitgord N, Simon C, Boxem M, Milstein S, Rosenberg J, Goldberg DS, Zhang LV, Wong SL, Franklin G, Li S, Albala JS, Lim J, Fraughton C, Llamosas E, Cevik S, Bex C, Lamesch P, Sikorski RS, Vandenhaute J, Zoghbi HY, Smolyar A, Bosak S, Sequerra R, Doucette-Stamm L, Cusick ME, Hill DE, Roth FP, Vidal M (Oct 2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network". Nature. 437 (7062): 1173–8. doi:10.1038/nature04209. PMID 16189514.

Further reading

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.


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