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<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{Infobox_gene}}
{{PBB_Controls
'''G-protein coupled receptor 97''' also known as '''adhesion G protein-coupled receptor G3''' (ADGRG3) is a [[protein]] that in humans is encoded by the ''ADGRG3'' [[gene]].<ref name="pmid12435584">{{cite journal | vauthors = Fredriksson R, Lagerström MC, Höglund PJ, Schiöth HB | title = Novel human G protein-coupled receptors with long N-terminals containing GPS domains and Ser/Thr-rich regions | journal = FEBS Letters | volume = 531 | issue = 3 | pages = 407–14 | date = Nov 2002 | pmid = 12435584 | pmc =  | doi = 10.1016/S0014-5793(02)03574-3 }}</ref><ref name="pmid222487">{{cite journal | vauthors = Kuźnicki J, Kuźnicki L, Drabikowski W | title = Ca2+-binding modulator protein in protozoa and myxomycete | journal = Cell Biology International Reports | volume = 3 | issue = 1 | pages = 17–23 | date = Jan 1979 | pmid = 222487 | pmc =  | doi = 10.1016/0309-1651(79)90064-X }}</ref><ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: GPR97 G protein-coupled receptor 97| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=222487| accessdate = }}</ref><ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite journal | vauthors = Hamann J, Aust G, Araç D, Engel FB, Formstone C, Fredriksson R, Hall RA, Harty BL, Kirchhoff C, Knapp B, Krishnan A, Liebscher I, Lin HH, Martinelli DC, Monk KR, Peeters MC, Piao X, Prömel S, Schöneberg T, Schwartz TW, Singer K, Stacey M, Ushkaryov YA, Vallon M, Wolfrum U, Wright MW, Xu L, Langenhan T, Schiöth HB | title = International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. XCIV. Adhesion G protein-coupled receptors | journal = Pharmacological Reviews | volume = 67 | issue = 2 | pages = 338–67 | date = Apr 2015 | pmid = 25713288 | doi = 10.1124/pr.114.009647 | pmc=4394687}}</ref> GPR97 is a member of the [[adhesion-GPCRs|adhesion GPCR]] family.<ref name="isbn1-4419-7912-3">{{cite book | vauthors = Stacey M, Yona S | title = Adhesion-GPCRs: Structure to Function (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology) | publisher = Springer | location = Berlin | year = 2011 | pages = | isbn = 1-4419-7912-3 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Langenhan T, Aust G, Hamann J | title = Sticky signaling--adhesion class G protein-coupled receptors take the stage | journal = Science Signaling | volume = 6 | issue = 276 | pages = re3 | date = May 2013 | pmid = 23695165 | doi = 10.1126/scisignal.2003825 }}</ref>
| update_page = yes
Adhesion GPCRs are characterized by an extended extracellular region often possessing N-terminal protein modules that is linked to a TM7 region via a domain known as the GPCR-Autoproteolysis INducing [[GAIN domain|(GAIN)]] domain.<ref name="pmid22333914">{{cite journal | vauthors = Araç D, Boucard AA, Bolliger MF, Nguyen J, Soltis SM, Südhof TC, Brunger AT | title = A novel evolutionarily conserved domain of cell-adhesion GPCRs mediates autoproteolysis | journal = The EMBO Journal | volume = 31 | issue = 6 | pages = 1364–78 | date = Mar 2012 | pmid = 22333914 | pmc = 3321182 | doi = 10.1038/emboj.2012.26 }}</ref>
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
}}


<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
GPR97 is expressed in human granulocytes and endothelial cells of the vasculature as well as in mouse granulocytes, monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells.<ref name="ReferenceA"/>
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = 
| image_source = 
| PDB =
| Name = G protein-coupled receptor 97
| HGNCid = 13728
| Symbol = GPR97
| AltSymbols =; GPR-97; PGR26; Pb99
| OMIM = 
| ECnumber = 
| Homologene = 18129
| MGIid = 1859670
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_GPR97_220404_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004872 |text = receptor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004930 |text = G-protein coupled receptor activity}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016020 |text = membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016021 |text = integral to membrane}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007165 |text = signal transduction}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007218 |text = neuropeptide signaling pathway}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
    | Hs_EntrezGene = 222487
    | Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000182885
    | Hs_RefseqProtein = XP_001126271
    | Hs_RefseqmRNA = XM_001126271
    | Hs_GenLoc_db = 
    | Hs_GenLoc_chr = 16
    | Hs_GenLoc_start = 56259658
    | Hs_GenLoc_end = 56281476
    | Hs_Uniprot = Q86Y34
    | Mm_EntrezGene = 54672
    | Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000060470
    | Mm_RefseqmRNA = XM_991966
    | Mm_RefseqProtein = XP_997060
    | Mm_GenLoc_db = 
    | Mm_GenLoc_chr = 8
    | Mm_GenLoc_start = 97906861
    | Mm_GenLoc_end = 97934379
    | Mm_Uniprot = Q3U2Q3
  }}
}}
'''G protein-coupled receptor 97''', also known as '''GPR97''', is a human [[gene]].<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: GPR97 G protein-coupled receptor 97| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=222487| accessdate = }}</ref>


<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
== Signaling ==
{{PBB_Summary
The inositol phosphate (IP3) accumulation, aequorin, and <sup>35</sup>S isotope binding assays in overexpressing HEK293 cells have demonstrated coupling of GPR97 to Gα<sub>o</sub> protein triggering cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP).<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Gupte J, Swaminath G, Danao J, Tian H, Li Y, Wu X | title = Signaling property study of adhesion G-protein-coupled receptors | journal = FEBS Letters | volume = 586 | issue = 8 | pages = 1214–9 | date = Apr 2012 | pmid = 22575658 | doi = 10.1016/j.febslet.2012.03.014 }}</ref> GPR97 actives cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), NF-κB, and small GTPases to regulate cellular functions.
| section_title =  
| summary_text =  
}}


==References==
== Function ==
{{reflist|2}}
Systemic steroid exposure is a therapy to treat a variety of medical conditions and is associated with epigenetic processes such as DNA methylation that may reflect pharmacological responses and/or side effects. GPR97 was found to be differently methylated at CpG sites in the genome of blood cells from patient under systemic steroid treatment.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Wan ES, Qiu W, Baccarelli A, Carey VJ, Bacherman H, Rennard SI, Agustí A, Anderson WH, Lomas DA, DeMeo DL | title = Systemic steroid exposure is associated with differential methylation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | journal = American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine | volume = 186 | issue = 12 | pages = 1248–55 | date = Dec 2012 | pmid = 23065012 | doi = 10.1164/rccm.201207-1280OC | pmc=3622442}}</ref> GPR97 is transcribed in immune cells. Gene-deficient mice revealed that Gpr97 is crucial for maintaining B-cell population via constitutive CREB and NF-κB activities.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Wang JJ, Zhang LL, Zhang HX, Shen CL, Lu SY, Kuang Y, Wan YH, Wang WG, Yan HM, Dang SY, Fei J, Jin XL, Wang ZG | title = Gpr97 is essential for the follicular versus marginal zone B-lymphocyte fate decision | journal = Cell Death & Disease | volume = 4 | pages = e853 | date = 10 October 2013 | pmid = 24113187 | doi = 10.1038/cddis.2013.346 | pmc=3824656}}</ref> Human lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) abundantly express GPR97. Silencing GPR97 in human LECs indicated that GPR97 modulates cytoskeletal rearrangement, cell adhesion and migration through regulating the small GTPase RhoA and cdc42.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Valtcheva N, Primorac A, Jurisic G, Hollmén M, Detmar M | title = The orphan adhesion G protein-coupled receptor GPR97 regulates migration of lymphatic endothelial cells via the small GTPases RhoA and Cdc42 | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 288 | issue = 50 | pages = 35736–48 | date = Dec 2013 | pmid = 24178298 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M113.512954 | pmc=3861625}}</ref> In vertebrates, GPR97 has an indispensable role in the bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) signaling pathway in bone formation. A microarray meta-analysis revealed that mouse Gpr97 is a direct transcriptional target of BMP signaling in long bone development.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Prashar P, Yadav PS, Samarjeet F, Bandyopadhyay A | title = Microarray meta-analysis identifies evolutionarily conserved BMP signaling targets in developing long bones | journal = Developmental Biology | volume = 389 | issue = 2 | pages = 192–207 | date = May 2014 | pmid = 24583261 | doi = 10.1016/j.ydbio.2014.02.015 }}</ref>
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal  | author=Kuźnicki J, Kuźnicki L, Drabikowski W |title=Ca2+-binding modulator protein in protozoa and myxomycete. |journal=Cell Biol. Int. Rep. |volume=3 |issue= 1 |pages= 17-23 |year= 1979 |pmid= 222487 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal | author=Fredriksson R, Lagerström MC, Höglund PJ, Schiöth HB |title=Novel human G protein-coupled receptors with long N-terminals containing GPS domains and Ser/Thr-rich regions. |journal=FEBS Lett. |volume=531 |issue= 3 |pages= 407-14 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12435584 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, ''et al.'' |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899-903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Vassilatis DK, Hohmann JG, Zeng H, ''et al.'' |title=The G protein-coupled receptor repertoires of human and mouse. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=100 |issue= 8 |pages= 4903-8 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12679517 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.0230374100 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, ''et al.'' |title=Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. |journal=Nat. Genet. |volume=36 |issue= 1 |pages= 40-5 |year= 2004 |pmid= 14702039 |doi= 10.1038/ng1285 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Bjarnadóttir TK, Fredriksson R, Höglund PJ, ''et al.'' |title=The human and mouse repertoire of the adhesion family of G-protein-coupled receptors. |journal=Genomics |volume=84 |issue= 1 |pages= 23-33 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15203201 |doi= 10.1016/j.ygeno.2003.12.004 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Zhang Z, Henzel WJ |title=Signal peptide prediction based on analysis of experimentally verified cleavage sites. |journal=Protein Sci. |volume=13 |issue= 10 |pages= 2819-24 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15340161 |doi= 10.1110/ps.04682504 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, ''et al.'' |title=The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). |journal=Genome Res. |volume=14 |issue= 10B |pages= 2121-7 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15489334 |doi= 10.1101/gr.2596504 }}
}}
{{refend}}


{{membrane-protein-stub}}
== References ==
{{G protein-coupled receptors}}
{{reflist|33em}}
[[Category:G protein coupled receptors]]
 
{{WikiDoc Sources}}
== External links ==
* [http://www.adhesiongpcr.org/ Adhesion GPCR consortium]
 
{{G protein-coupled receptors|g2}}
 
[[Category:G protein-coupled receptors]]

Latest revision as of 09:16, 10 January 2019

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Identifiers
Aliases
External IDsGeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

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Ensembl

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UniProt

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RefSeq (mRNA)

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RefSeq (protein)

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Location (UCSC)n/an/a
PubMed searchn/an/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

G-protein coupled receptor 97 also known as adhesion G protein-coupled receptor G3 (ADGRG3) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ADGRG3 gene.[1][2][3][4] GPR97 is a member of the adhesion GPCR family.[5][6] Adhesion GPCRs are characterized by an extended extracellular region often possessing N-terminal protein modules that is linked to a TM7 region via a domain known as the GPCR-Autoproteolysis INducing (GAIN) domain.[7]

GPR97 is expressed in human granulocytes and endothelial cells of the vasculature as well as in mouse granulocytes, monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells.[4]

Signaling

The inositol phosphate (IP3) accumulation, aequorin, and 35S isotope binding assays in overexpressing HEK293 cells have demonstrated coupling of GPR97 to Gαo protein triggering cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP).[8] GPR97 actives cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), NF-κB, and small GTPases to regulate cellular functions.

Function

Systemic steroid exposure is a therapy to treat a variety of medical conditions and is associated with epigenetic processes such as DNA methylation that may reflect pharmacological responses and/or side effects. GPR97 was found to be differently methylated at CpG sites in the genome of blood cells from patient under systemic steroid treatment.[9] GPR97 is transcribed in immune cells. Gene-deficient mice revealed that Gpr97 is crucial for maintaining B-cell population via constitutive CREB and NF-κB activities.[10] Human lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) abundantly express GPR97. Silencing GPR97 in human LECs indicated that GPR97 modulates cytoskeletal rearrangement, cell adhesion and migration through regulating the small GTPase RhoA and cdc42.[11] In vertebrates, GPR97 has an indispensable role in the bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) signaling pathway in bone formation. A microarray meta-analysis revealed that mouse Gpr97 is a direct transcriptional target of BMP signaling in long bone development.[12]

References

  1. ↑ Fredriksson R, Lagerström MC, Höglund PJ, Schiöth HB (Nov 2002). "Novel human G protein-coupled receptors with long N-terminals containing GPS domains and Ser/Thr-rich regions". FEBS Letters. 531 (3): 407–14. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(02)03574-3. PMID 12435584.
  2. ↑ Kuźnicki J, Kuźnicki L, Drabikowski W (Jan 1979). "Ca2+-binding modulator protein in protozoa and myxomycete". Cell Biology International Reports. 3 (1): 17–23. doi:10.1016/0309-1651(79)90064-X. PMID 222487.
  3. ↑ "Entrez Gene: GPR97 G protein-coupled receptor 97".
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Hamann J, Aust G, Araç D, Engel FB, Formstone C, Fredriksson R, Hall RA, Harty BL, Kirchhoff C, Knapp B, Krishnan A, Liebscher I, Lin HH, Martinelli DC, Monk KR, Peeters MC, Piao X, Prömel S, Schöneberg T, Schwartz TW, Singer K, Stacey M, Ushkaryov YA, Vallon M, Wolfrum U, Wright MW, Xu L, Langenhan T, Schiöth HB (Apr 2015). "International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. XCIV. Adhesion G protein-coupled receptors". Pharmacological Reviews. 67 (2): 338–67. doi:10.1124/pr.114.009647. PMC 4394687. PMID 25713288.
  5. ↑ Stacey M, Yona S (2011). Adhesion-GPCRs: Structure to Function (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology). Berlin: Springer. ISBN 1-4419-7912-3.
  6. ↑ Langenhan T, Aust G, Hamann J (May 2013). "Sticky signaling--adhesion class G protein-coupled receptors take the stage". Science Signaling. 6 (276): re3. doi:10.1126/scisignal.2003825. PMID 23695165.
  7. ↑ Araç D, Boucard AA, Bolliger MF, Nguyen J, Soltis SM, Südhof TC, Brunger AT (Mar 2012). "A novel evolutionarily conserved domain of cell-adhesion GPCRs mediates autoproteolysis". The EMBO Journal. 31 (6): 1364–78. doi:10.1038/emboj.2012.26. PMC 3321182. PMID 22333914.
  8. ↑ Gupte J, Swaminath G, Danao J, Tian H, Li Y, Wu X (Apr 2012). "Signaling property study of adhesion G-protein-coupled receptors". FEBS Letters. 586 (8): 1214–9. doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2012.03.014. PMID 22575658.
  9. ↑ Wan ES, Qiu W, Baccarelli A, Carey VJ, Bacherman H, Rennard SI, Agustí A, Anderson WH, Lomas DA, DeMeo DL (Dec 2012). "Systemic steroid exposure is associated with differential methylation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease". American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. 186 (12): 1248–55. doi:10.1164/rccm.201207-1280OC. PMC 3622442. PMID 23065012.
  10. ↑ Wang JJ, Zhang LL, Zhang HX, Shen CL, Lu SY, Kuang Y, Wan YH, Wang WG, Yan HM, Dang SY, Fei J, Jin XL, Wang ZG (10 October 2013). "Gpr97 is essential for the follicular versus marginal zone B-lymphocyte fate decision". Cell Death & Disease. 4: e853. doi:10.1038/cddis.2013.346. PMC 3824656. PMID 24113187.
  11. ↑ Valtcheva N, Primorac A, Jurisic G, Hollmén M, Detmar M (Dec 2013). "The orphan adhesion G protein-coupled receptor GPR97 regulates migration of lymphatic endothelial cells via the small GTPases RhoA and Cdc42". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 288 (50): 35736–48. doi:10.1074/jbc.M113.512954. PMC 3861625. PMID 24178298.
  12. ↑ Prashar P, Yadav PS, Samarjeet F, Bandyopadhyay A (May 2014). "Microarray meta-analysis identifies evolutionarily conserved BMP signaling targets in developing long bones". Developmental Biology. 389 (2): 192–207. doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2014.02.015. PMID 24583261.

External links

Retrieved from "https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php?title=GPR97&oldid=1524539"