Tachycardia causes: Difference between revisions

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__NOTOC__
__NOTOC__
{{Tachycardia}}
{{Tachycardia}}
{{CMG}}; '''Associate Editor-In-Chief:''' {{MUT}}
{{CMG}}; '''Associate Editor-In-Chief:''' {{MUT}} {{KS}}
==Overview==
==Overview==
Tachycardia can be caused by a wide variety of factors. The most common cause is [[orthostatic hypotension]]. Other common causes of tachycardia include endocrine disorders, disorders involving the [[heart]], and situations which cause an excess of [[catecholamine]]s in the body such as [[fever]] and [[exercise]]. Various medications and illicit drugs can also cause tachycardia.
Life threatening causes of tachycardia include [[cardiac tamponade]], [[cardiogenic shock]], [[pulseless ventricular tachycardia]], and [[stroke]]. Other common causes of tachycardia are [[anemia]], [[exercise]], [[fever]], and [[hyperthyroidism]].
 
==Causes==
==Causes==
===Life Threatening Causes===
*[[Cardiac tamponade]]
*[[Cardiogenic shock]]
*[[Cyanide poisoning]]
*[[Myocardial infarction]]
*[[Pulmonary embolism]]
*[[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia]]
*[[Stroke]]


===Common Causes===
===Common Causes===
*[[Orthostatic hypotension]]  
*[[Anemia]]
*[[Electrolyte imbalance]]
*[[Exercise]]
*[[Fever]]
*[[Fever]]
*[[Hyperventilation]]
*[[Infection]]
*[[Endocrine disorders]]
*[[Hyperthyroidism]]
*[[Hyperthyroidism]]
 
*[[Hypertension]]
*[[Pain]]
===Causes by Organ System===
===Causes by Organ System===
{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
{|style="width: 80%; height: 100px; text-align: justify; text-justify: distribute;" border="1"
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" |  
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" |[[Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia]], [[AV-dissociation]], [[AV nodal reentrant tachycardia]],[[Bradycardia-tachycardia syndrome|bradycardia-tachycardia syndrome]], [[cardiac amyloidosis]], [[cardiogenic shock]], [[cardiac tamponade]], [[cardiomyopathy]], [[Commotio cordis|commotio cordis]], [[congenital heart disease]], [[congestive heart failure]], [[Cor triatriatum]], [[coronary heart disease]], [[decompensated heart failure]], [[Ebstein's anomaly of the tricuspid valve]], [[endocardial fibroelastosis]], [[fat embolism]], [[heart cancer]], [[heart surgery]], [[hemothorax]], [[hypertension]], [[hypokalaemia]], [[hypotension]], [[hypovolemia]], [[idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy]], [[inappropriate sinus tachycardia]], [[inferior vena cava syndrome]], [[Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome]], [[Kawasaki disease]], [[Lange-Nielsen Syndrome]], [[Loeffler's endocarditis]], [[Long QT Syndrome]], [[Mitral Valve Prolapse|mitral-valve prolapse]], [[multifocal atrial tachycardia]], [[myocardial infarction]], [[myocardial ischemia]], [[myocarditis]], [[palpitations ]], [[paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia]], [[polymorphic ventricular tachycardia]], [[postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome]], [[premature ventricular contractions]], [[pulmonary embolism]], [[pulmonary heart disease]], [[pulseless ventricular tachycardia]], [[QT lengthening]], [[Romano-Ward Syndrome]], [[shock]], [[sick sinus syndrome]], [[stroke]], [[Timothy syndrome]], [[Torsade de pointes]], [[Uhl anomaly]], [[unstable angina]], [[valvular heart disease]], vascular malposition, ventricular extrasystoles perodactyly robin sequence, [[ventricular familial preexcitation syndrome]], [[ventricular septal defect]], [[Dextro-transposition of the great arteries|ventriculo-arterial discordance, isolated]], [[volume depletion]], [[white coat hypertension]], [[Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome]]  
[[Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia]],
[[AV Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia]],
[[AV-dissociation]],
[[Bradycardia-tachycardia syndrome]],
[[Cardiac amyloidosis]],
[[Cardiac arrhythmia]],
[[Cardiac tamponade]],
[[Cardiogenic shock]],
[[Congestive Heart Failure]],
[[Ebstein's Anomaly of the Tricuspid Valve]],
[[Inappropriate Sinus Tachycardia]],
[[Inferior vena cava syndrome]],
[[Multifocal atrial tachycardia]],
[[Nonparoxysmal Junctional Tachycardia]],
[[Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia]],
[[Polymorphic ventricular tachycardia]],
[[Premature ventricular contractions]],
[[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia]],
[[Torsade de pointes]],
[[Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome]]
 
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Chemical / poisoning'''
| '''Chemical / poisoning'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|  
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[3-quinuclidinyl benzilate]], [[Amphetamine|amphetamine poisoning]], [[arsenic poisoning]], [[Beta blockers|beta-adrenergic poisoning]], [[bothrops]], [[Caffeine|caffeine poisoning]], [[carbamate insecticide poisoning]], [[carbon monoxide poisoning]], [[cardiac effects of insect bites]], [[Cocaine|cocaine poisoning]], [[cyanides]], [[cyclic antidepressant poisoning]], [[dicobalt edetate]], [[mercury poisoning]], [[organophosphate insecticide poisoning]], [[scombroid]], [[snake bite]], [[Theophylline|theophylline poisoning]]  
[[3-Quinuclidinyl benzilate]],
[[Arsenic Poisoning]],
[[Bothrops]],
[[Caffeine]],
[[Carbon monoxide poisoning]],
[[Cardiac effects of insect bites]],
[[Hydroxyethyl starch]],
[[Mercury poisoning]],
[[Methadone withdrawl]],
[[Scombroid]]
 
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dermatologic'''
| '''Dermatologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Porphyria]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|  
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Abciximab (patient information)]], [[aconitum]], [[almokalant]], [[aminophylline]], [[amlodipine]], [[amphetamine]], [[amrinone]], [[anaesthesia|anaesthesia complications]], [[Antiarrhythmic agent|anti-arrhythmic drugs]], [[anticholinergic]], [[Antidepressants|antidepressant medications]], [[antipsychotic]], [[asenapine maleate]], [[astemizole]], [[atomoxetine]], [[atropine]], [[beractant]], [[benzphetamine]], [[benzatropine]], [[benzylpiperazine]], [[biperiden]], [[bepridil]], [[bupropion]], [[caffeine]], [[caspofungin]],[[chlorpromazine]], [[chlorprothixene]], [[cidofovir]], [[clemastine]], [[clofarabine]], [[clomifene]], [[clomipramine]], [[clonidine]], [[clozapine]], [[cocaine]], [[corticorelin]], [[cosyntropin]], [[daptomycin]], [[decongestant|decongestants]], [[desflurane]], [[desipramine]], [[desoxyn]], [[diazoxide]], [[diethylcathinone]],[[diethylpropion]], [[Anti-obesity medication|diet pills]], [[diflunisal]], [[digoxin]], [[dapsone]], [[diltiazem]], [[dimenhydrinate]], [[dimercaprol]], [[diphenhydramine]], [[dipivefrine]],[[disulfiram]], [[dobutamine]], [[dofetilide]], [[dopamine]], [[dopexamine]], [[dosulepin hydrochloride]], [[doxapram]], [[doxepin]], [[ephedrine]], [[epinephrine]],[[ethcathinone]], [[etilefrine]], [[felbamate]], [[ferumoxytol]], [[Ferric Carboxymaltose|ferric carboxymaltose]], [[flavoxate]], [[febuxostat]], [[formoterol]], [[gadopentetate]], [[glyceryl trinitrate]], [[hexamethonium]], [[hydralazine]], [[hydrocortisone]], [[hydroxocobalamin]], [[hydroxyethyl starch]], [[hyoscyamine]], [[iloprost]], [[Imipramine]], [[Imipenem-Cilastatin]], [[Indomethacin]], [[interferon alfacon-1]], [[Isoprenaline]], [[Isoproterenol]], [[Isoproterenol (aerosol)]], [[Isosorbide mononitrate]], [[laronidase]], [[L-dopa]], [[leflunomide]], [[levomepromazine]], [[levomethamphetamine]], [[levosimendan]], [[levothyroxine]], [[lomotil]], [[macrolide]], [[maprotiline]], [[meropenem]],[[methcathinone]], [[methadone|methadone withdrawl]], [[methylphenidate]], [[metoclopramide]], [[milnacipran hydrochloride]], [[minoxidil]], [[modafinil]], [[meprobamate]],[[motofen]], [[nabilone]], [[nalbuphine]], [[nalmefene]], [[naltrexone]], [[niacin]], [[nialamide]], [[nitazoxanide]], [[neuromuscular-blocking drugs]], [[olanzapine]],[[opioid]][[oprelvekin]], [[oxaprozin]], [[oxcarbazepine]], [[paliperidone]], [[papaverine]], [[paregoric]], [[pegylated interferon alfa-2b]], [[pentamidine Isethionate]], [[pergolide]],[[phendimetrazine]], [[phentermine]], [[pilocarpine]], [[pipradrol]], [[pirbuterol]], [[pralidoxime]], [[procainamide (patient information)]], [[procyclidine hydrochloride]],[[promethazine]], [[propantheline]], [[prednisolone]], [[pseudoephedrine]], [[rizatriptan]], [[sipuleucel-T]], [[sumatriptan]], [[teniposide]], [[terbutaline]], [[thalidomide]],[[tiagabine]], [[tizanidine]], [[trazodone]], [[triazolam]], [[trospium]], [[tuaminoheptane]], [[valdecoxib]], [[vardenafil]],  [[voriconazole]], [[zolmitriptan]], [[zonisamide]],[[Zopiclone|zopiclone withdrawal]]
[[Amlodipine]],
[[Amphetamine]],
[[Anticholinergic]],
[[Antipsychotic]],
[[Atropine]],
[[Abciximab (patient information)]],
[[Benzatropine]],
[[Biperiden]],
[[Bupropion]],
[[Caspofungin]],
[[Clofarabine]],
[[Clomipramine]],
[[Clonidine]],
[[Daptomycin]],
[[Desflurane]],
[[Desoxyn]],
[[Diethylcathinone]],
[[Diflunisal]],
[[Digoxin]],
[[Diltiazem]],
[[Dimenhydrinate]],
[[Diphenhydramine]],
[[Doxapram]],
[[Doxepin]],
[[Ephedrine]],
[[Epinephrine]],
[[Ethcathinone]],
[[Formoterol]],
[[Hyoscyamine]],
[[Iloprost]],
[[Imipramine]],
[[Indomethacin]],
[[Isoproterenol]],
[[Isosorbide mononitrate]],
[[Levomepromazine]],
[[Levomethamphetamine]],
[[Levosimendan]],
[[Lomotil]],
[[Maprotiline]],
[[Methcathinone]],
[[Methylphenidate]],
[[Metoclopramide]],
[[Milnacipran]],
[[Minoxidil]],
[[Modafinil]],
[[Motofen]],
[[Nalbuphine]],
[[Nalmefene]],
[[Nialamide]],
[[Neuromuscular-blocking drugs]],
[[Olanzapine]],
[[Opioid]],
[[Paliperidone]],
[[Papaverine]],
[[Phentermine]],
[[Pipradrol]],
[[Procainamide (patient information)]],
[[Procyclidine hydrochloride]],
[[Propantheline]],
[[Pseudoephedrine]],
[[Sumatriptan]],
[[Terbutaline]],
[[Tizanidine]],
[[Trazodone]],
[[Tuaminoheptane]],
[[Vardenafil]],
[[Zopiclone withdrawl]]
 
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Endocrine'''
| '''Endocrine'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Adrenal adenoma|Adrenal adenoma, familial]], [[adrenal cancer]], [[adrenal gland hyperfunction]], [[adrenal incidentaloma]], [[Adrenal tumor classification|adrenal medulla neoplasm]], [[anorexia nervosa]], [[carcinoid syndrome|carcinoid crisis]], [[carcinoid syndrome]], [[Thyroid hormone resistance|generalized resistance to thyroid hormone]], [[Graves' disease]], [[Hashimoto's thyroiditis]], [[hyperadrenalism ]], [[hyperthyroidism]], [[hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]], [[hyperthyroidism]], [[hypoglycaemia]], [[hypokalaemia]], [[hypomagnesemia]], [[insulinoma]], [[hypokalemia]], [[multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1]], [[multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2]], [[multiple endocrine neoplasia type 3]], [[multiple endocrine neoplasia]], [[phaeochromocytoma]], [[hyperthyroidism|postpartum hyperthyroidism]], [[postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome]], [[toxic multinodular goitre]], [[Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome]]
[[Graves' Disease]],
[[Toxic multinodular goitre]]
 
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Environmental'''
| '''Environmental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Hyperthermia]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|  
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Accessory pancreas]], [[anorexia nervosa]], [[Boerhaave syndrome]], [[Carcinoid syndrome|carcinoid crisis ]], [[carcinoid syndrome]], [[gastroenteritis]], [[Mallory-Weiss syndrome]], [[megacolon]], [[peritonitis]], [[retroperitoneal hematoma]], [[ruptured spleen]], [[ulcerative colitis]], [[Watermelon stomach]]
[[Accessory pancreas]],
[[Gastroenteritis]],
[[Megacolon]],
[[Peritonitis]],
[[Retroperitoneal hematoma]],
[[Ulcerative colitis]]
 
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Genetic'''
| '''Genetic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|  
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Acute intermittent porphyria]], [[Barth syndrome]], [[Brugada syndrome]], [[Costello syndrome]], [[Duchenne muscular dystrophy]], [[hypokalemic periodic paralysis]], [[Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome]], [[Lange-Nielsen Syndrome]], [[Long QT syndrome]], [[Muscular dystrophy, Duchenne and Becker type|muscular dystrophy, duchenne and becker type]], [[porphyria]], [[Romano-Ward syndrome]], [[sickle-cell disease]], [[Timothy syndrome]], [[Variegate porphyria]], [[Dextro-transposition of the great arteries|ventriculo-arterial discordance, isolated]], [[Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome]], [[X-linked sideroblastic anaemia ]], [[catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia]]
[[Brugada syndrome]],
[[Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia]],
[[Costello syndrome]]
 
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Hematologic'''
| '''Hematologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|  
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Anemia]], [[aplastic anemia]], [[blood transfusion]], [[Bone marrow failure|bone-marrow failure syndromes]], [[porphyria]], [[pulmonary embolism |postoperative pulmonary embolism]], [[sickle-cell disease]], [[transfusion reaction]], [[warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia]], [[X-linked sideroblastic anaemia]]
[[Ruptured spleen]],
[[Sickle-cell disease]]
 
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Iatrogenic'''
| '''Iatrogenic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|  
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Blood transfusion]], [[Acute radiation syndrome|acute radiation sickness]], [[malignant hyperthermia]], [[neuroleptic malignant syndrome]], [[serotonin syndrome]]  
[[Blood transfusion]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Infectious Disease'''
| '''Infectious Disease'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|  
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Amanita phalloides]], [[bacteremia]], [[bacterial meningitis]], [[Chagas disease]], [[clostridium difficile]], [[Cotton fever]], [[Ebola]], [[fever]], [[gastroenteritis]], [[Lassa fever]], [[malaria]], [[Omphalitis]], [[septicaemia|postoperative septicaemia]], [[scarlet fever]], [[sepsis]], [[tuberculosis]], [[vibrio vulnificus infection]], [[western equine encephalitis]]  
[[Clostridium Difficile]],
[[Cotton fever]],
[[Ebola]],
[[Lassa fever]],
[[Malaria]],
[[Scarlet fever]],
[[Tuberculosis]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Musculoskeletal / Ortho'''
| '''Musculoskeletal / Ortho'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Duchenne muscular dystrophy]], [[Muscular dystrophy|muscular dystrophy, Duchenne and Becker type]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Neurologic'''
| '''Neurologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|  
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Autonomic neuropathy]], [[bacterial meningitis ]], [[dysautonomia]], [[Pain]], [[stroke]], [[western equine encephalitis]]
[[Autonomic neuropathy]],
[[Dysautonomia]]
 
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Nutritional / Metabolic'''
| '''Nutritional / Metabolic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|  
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Acute intermittent porphyria]], [[Porphyria|acute porphyria]], aldehyde syndrome, [[betel nut]], [[Electrolyte disturbance|electrolyte imbalances]], [[foods containing tyramine]], [[hydroxocobalamin]], [[hypoglycaemia]], [[iron deficiency]], [[metabolic acidosis]]
[[Adams Nance syndrome]],
[[Acute Porphyria]],
[[Beriberi Heart Disease]],
[[Betel nut]],
[[Foods containing tyramine]],
[[Hypoglycemia]],
[[Hypomagnesemia]],
[[Metabolic acidosis]]
 
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|  
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Aortocaval compression syndrome]],[[Fetal distress]],[[Omphalitis]], [[Postpartum haemorrhage]]
[[Aortocaval compression syndrome]],
[[Fetal distress]],
[[Omphalitis]]
 
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Oncologic'''
| '''Oncologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Insulinoma]]
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Adenoma|Adrenal adenoma, familial ]], [[adrenal cancer  ]], [[adrenal incidentaloma ]], [[adrenal tumor classification|Adrenal medulla neoplasm]], [[carcinoid syndrome|Carcinoid crisis]], [[carcinoid syndrome]], [[Cardiac tumors]], [[Insulinoma]], [[multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1]], [[multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 ]], [[multiple endocrine neoplasia type 3]], [[multiple endocrine neoplasia]], [[phaeochromocytoma]], [[respiratory tract neoplasm]], [[insulinoma]]
 
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Overdose / Toxicity'''
| '''Overdose / Toxicity'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|  
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[amitriptyline|Amitriptyline toxicity]], [[Amoxapine|amoxapine toxicity]], [[Doxepin|doxepin toxicity]], [[Imipramine|imipramine toxicity ]], [[Protriptyline|protriptyline toxicity ]], [[Quetiapine|quetiapine toxicity]], [[Trimipramine|trimipramine toxicity]]  
[[Aconitum]],
[[Benzylpiperazine]],
[[Bupropion]],
[[Cocaine]],
[[Diflunisal]],
[[Imipramine]],
[[Lomotil]],
[[Long-term effects of alcohol]],
[[Procainamide]],
[[Procyclidine hydrochloride]],
[[Xanthine]]
 
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Psychiatric'''
| '''Psychiatric'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Acute stress disorder]], [[alcohol|alcohol withdrawal]], [[anorexia nervosa]], [[anxiety]], [[chronic fatigue syndrome]], [[cocaine abuse]], [[panic disorder]], [[stress|sudden stress]], [[Methadone|methadone withdrawl]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Pulmonary'''
| '''Pulmonary'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|  
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Acute chest syndrome]], [[asthma]], [[chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]], [[pulmonary disease|chronic pulmonary disease]], [[community-acquired pneumonia]], [[fat embolism]], [[hemothorax]], [[hypoxia]], [[near-drowning]], [[postoperative respiratory failure]], [[pulmonary edema of mountaineers]], [[pulmonary embolism]], [[pulmonary heart disease]], [[respiratory failure]], [[respiratory infections]], [[respiratory tract neoplasm]], [[tension pneumothorax]], [[Wheeze|wheezing]]  
[[Acute Chest Syndrome]],
[[Asthma]],
[[Community-acquired pneumonia]],
[[Hemothorax]]
 
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Renal / Electrolyte'''
| '''Renal / Electrolyte'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Acute renal failure]], [[Bright's disease]], [[hypokalaemia]], [[hypomagnesemia]], [[metabolic acidosis]], [[urolithiasis|Xanthic urolithiasis]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Rheum / Immune / Allergy'''
| '''Rheum / Immune / Allergy'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Kawasaki disease]]
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Chronic fatigue syndrome]], [[cutaneous mastocytosis]], [[dermatomyositis]], [[Kawasaki disease]], [[peanut allergy]], [[polyarteritis nodosa]]
 
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Trauma'''
| '''Trauma'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|  
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Commotio cordis]]
[[Commotio cordis]]
 
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Miscellaneous'''
| '''Miscellaneous'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|  
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Brugmansia|Angel's trumpet]], [[caffeine|caffeinated beverages]], [[dipping tobacco]], [[Datura stramonium|Jimsonweed (datura stramonium)]], [[exercise]], [[lobelia|Indian tobacco (lobelia inflata)]], penfield syndrome, [[List of poisonous plants|potato (solanum tuberosum)]], [[smoking]], [[tobacco|tobacco (nicotiana tabacum)]]  
[[Chronic fatigue syndrome]],
[[Dipping tobacco]],
[[Hyperthermia]],
[[Malignant hyperthermia]],
[[Pheochromocytoma]],
[[Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome]]
|-
|-
|}
|}


===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
{{col-begin|width=80%}}
{{Columns-list|3|
{{col-break|width=33%}}
*[[3-Quinuclidinyl benzilate]]
*[[3-Quinuclidinyl benzilate]]
*[[Abciximab (patient information)]]
*[[Abciximab (patient information)]]
Line 302: Line 140:
*[[Aconitum]]
*[[Aconitum]]
*[[Acute Chest Syndrome]]
*[[Acute Chest Syndrome]]
*[[Acute coronary syndromes]]
*[[Acute intermittent porphyria]]
*[[Acute Porphyria]]
*[[Acute Porphyria]]
*[[Acute radiation syndrome|Acute radiation sickness]]
*[[Acute renal failure ]]
*[[Acute stress disorder]]
*[[Adams Nance syndrome]]
*[[Adams Nance syndrome]]
*[[Adrenal cancer]]
*[[Adrenal gland hyperfunction]]
*[[Adrenal incidentaloma ]]
*[[Adrenal tumor|Adrenal medulla neoplasm]]
*[[Adenoma|Adrenal adenoma]]
*[[Alcohol Withdrawal]]
*[[Alcohol Withdrawal]]
*[[Almokalant]]
*[[Amanita phalloides]]
*[[Amanita phalloides]]
*[[Aminophylline]]
*[[Amitriptyline|Amitriptyline toxicity]]
*[[Amlodipine]]
*[[Amlodipine]]
*[[Amoxapine|Amoxapine toxicity]]
*[[Amphetamine]]
*[[Amphetamine]]
*[[Amphetamine|Amphetamine poisoning]]
*[[Amrinone]]
*[[Andersen–Tawil syndrome]]
*[[Anemia]]
*[[Anorexia nervosa]]
*[[Antiarrhythmic agent|Anti-arrhythmic drugs]]
*[[Anesthesia|Anaesthesia complications ]]
*[[Anticholinergic]]
*[[Anticholinergic]]
*[[Antidepressants|Antidepressant medications]]
*[[Antipsychotic]]
*[[Antipsychotic]]
*[[Anxiety]]
*[[Aortocaval compression syndrome]]
*[[Aortocaval compression syndrome]]
*[[Aplastic anemia ]]
*[[Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia]]
*[[Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia]]
*[[Arsenic Poisoning]]
*[[Arsenic Poisoning]]
*[[Ashman phenomenon]]
*[[Ashman phenomenon]]
*[[Astemizole]]
*[[Asthma]]
*[[Asthma]]
*[[Atomoxetine]]
*[[Atrial  fibrillation]]
*[[Atrial flutter]]
*[[Lown-Ganong-Levine syndrome|Atrial tachyarrhythmia with short PR interval]]
*[[Atrioventricular Block|Atrioventricular node conduction block]]
*[[Atropine]]
*[[Atropine]]
*[[Autonomic neuropathy]]
*[[Autonomic neuropathy]]
*[[AV Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia]]
*[[AV Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia]]
*[[AV-dissociation]]
*[[AV-dissociation]]
*[[AVNRT]]
*[[Bacteremia]]
*[[Bacterial diseases]]
*[[Bacterial meningitis]]
*[[Barth syndrome]]
*[[Benzatropine]]
*[[Benzatropine]]
*[[Benzylpiperazine]]
*[[Benzylpiperazine]]
*[[Bepridil]]
*[[Beriberi Heart Disease]]
*[[Beriberi Heart Disease]]
*[[Beta blockers|Beta-adrenergic poisoning ]]
*[[Betel nut]]
*[[Betel nut]]
*[[Biperiden]]
*[[Biperiden]]
*[[Blood transfusion]]
*[[Blood transfusion]]
*[[Boerhaave syndrome]]
*[[Bone marrow failure|Bone-marrow failure syndromes]]
*[[Bothrops]]
*[[Bothrops]]
*[[Bradycardia-tachycardia syndrome]]
*[[Bradycardia-tachycardia syndrome]]
*[[Bright's disease]]
*[[Brugada syndrome]]
*[[Brugada syndrome]]
*[[Bupropion]]
*[[Bupropion]]
*[[Caffeine]]
*[[Caffeine]]
*[[Caffeinated drink|Caffeinated beverages]]
*[[Carbamate insecticide poisoning ]]
*[[Carbon monoxide poisoning]]
*[[Carbon monoxide poisoning]]
*[[Carcinoid syndrome|Carcinoid crisis]]
*[[Carcinoid syndrome]]
*[[Cardiac amyloidosis]]
*[[Cardiac amyloidosis]]
*[[Cardiac arrhythmia]]
*[[Cardiac arrhythmia]]
*[[Cardiac effects of insect bites]]
*[[Cardiac effects of insect bites]]
*[[Cardiac tamponade]]
*[[Cardiac tamponade]]
*[[Cardiac tumors]]
*[[Cardiogenic shock]]
*[[Cardiogenic shock]]
*[[Cardiovascular Effects of Cocaine]]
*[[Cardiomyopathy]]
*[[Caspofungin]]
*[[Caspofungin]]
*[[Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia]]
*[[Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia]]
*[[Chagas disease]]
*[[Chlorprothixene]]
*[[Chlorprothixene]]
*[[Chronic fatigue syndrome]]
*[[Chronic fatigue syndrome]]
*[[Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]]
*[[pulmonary disease|Chronic pulmonary disease]]
*[[Cidofovir]]
*[[Clofarabine]]
*[[Clofarabine]]
*[[Clomipramine]]
*[[Clomipramine]]
*[[Clonidine]]
*[[Clonidine]]
*[[Clostridium Difficile]]
*[[Clostridium Difficile]]
*[[Cocaine abuse]]
*[[Cocaine|Cocaine poisoning]]
*[[Commotio cordis]]
*[[Commotio cordis]]
*[[Community-acquired pneumonia]]
*[[Community-acquired pneumonia]]
*[[Congenital heart disease]]
*[[Congestive Heart Failure]]
*[[Congestive Heart Failure]]
*[[Cor triatriatum ]]
*[[Coronary heart disease]]
*[[Costello syndrome]]
*[[Costello syndrome]]
*[[Cotton fever]]
*[[Cotton fever]]
*[[Cutaneous mastocytosis]]
*[[Cyanides]]
*[[Cyclic antidepressant poisoning]]
*[[Daptomycin]]
*[[Daptomycin]]
*[[Decompensated heart failure]]
*[[Decongestant]]
*[[Dermatomyositis]]
*[[Desflurane]]
*[[Desflurane]]
*[[Desoxyn]]
*[[Desoxyn]]
*[[Diazoxide]]
*[[Dicobalt edetate]]
*[[Anti-obesity medication|Diet pills]]
*[[Diethylcathinone]]
*[[Diethylcathinone]]
*[[Diflunisal]]
*[[Diflunisal]]
Line 361: Line 260:
*[[Diphenhydramine]]
*[[Diphenhydramine]]
*[[Dipping tobacco]]
*[[Dipping tobacco]]
*[[Dobutamine]]
*[[Dofetilide]]
*[[Dopamine]]
*[[Dopexamine]]
*[[Dosulepin hydrochloride]]
*[[Dosulepin hydrochloride]]
*[[Doxapram]]
*[[Doxapram]]
*[[Doxepin]]
*[[Doxepin]]
*[[Duchenne muscular dystrophy]]
*[[Dysautonomia]]
*[[Dysautonomia]]
*[[Ebola]]
*[[Ebola]]
*[[Ebstein's Anomaly of the Tricuspid Valve]]
*[[Ebstein's Anomaly of the Tricuspid Valve]]
*[[Electrolyte disturbance|Electrolyte imbalances]]
*[[Endocardial fibroelastosis]]
*[[Ephedrine]]
*[[Ephedrine]]
*[[Epinephrine]]
*[[Epinephrine]]
*[[Ethcathinone]]
*[[Ethcathinone]]
*[[Etilefrine]]
*[[Exercise]]
*[[Fat embolism]]
*[[Ferric Carboxymaltose]],
*[[Fetal distress]]
*[[Fetal distress]]
*[[Fever]]
*[[Foods containing tyramine]]
*[[Foods containing tyramine]]
*[[Gastroenteritis]]
*[[Gastroenteritis]]
*[[Thyroid hormone resistance|Generalized resistance to thyroid hormone]]
*[[Glyceryl trinitrate]] 
*[[Graves' Disease]]
*[[Graves' Disease]]
*Groll-hirschowitz syndrome
*[[Hashimoto's thyroiditis]]
*[[Heart surgery]]
*[[Hemothorax]]
*[[Hemothorax]]
*[[Hepatorenal tyrosinemia]]
*[[Hexamethonium]]
*[[Hydralazine]]
*[[Hydroxyethyl starch]]
*[[Hydroxyethyl starch]]
*[[Hydroxocobalamin]]
*[[Hyperadrenalism]]
*[[Hypertension]]
*[[Hyperthermia]]
*[[Hyperthermia]]
*[[Hyperthyroidism]]
*[[Hyperthyroidism]]
{{col-break|width=33%}}
*[[Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]]
*[[Hypoglycemia]]
*[[Hypoglycemia]]
*[[Hypomagnesemia]]
*[[Hypomagnesemia]]
*[[Hypokalaemia]]
*[[Hypokalemic periodic paralysis]]
*[[Hypotension]]
*[[Hypovolemia ]]
*[[Hypoxia]]
*[[Idiopathic]]
*[[Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy]]
*[[Iloprost]]
*[[Iloprost]]
*[[Imipramine]]
*[[Imipramine]]
*[[Inappropriate Sinus Tachycardia]]
*[[Inappropriate sinus tachycardia]]
*[[Lobelia|Indian tobacco (lobelia inflata)]]  
*[[Inferior vena cava syndrome]]
*[[Inferior vena cava syndrome]]
*[[Insulinoma]]
*[[Insulinoma]]
*[[Iron deficiency]]
*[[Isoproterenol]]
*[[Isoproterenol]]
*[[Isosorbide mononitrate]]
*[[Isosorbide mononitrate]]
*[[Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome]]
*[[Datura stramonium|Jimsonweed (datura stramonium)]]
*[[Kawasaki disease]]
*[[Kawasaki disease]]
*[[Laronidase]]
*[[Lassa fever]]
*[[Lassa fever]]
*[[L-dopa]]
*[[Levomepromazine]]
*[[Levomepromazine]]
*[[Levomethamphetamine]]
*[[Levomethamphetamine]]
*[[Levosimendan]]
*[[Levosimendan]]
*[[Lomotil]]
*[[Lomotil]]
*[[Long QT syndrome]]
*[[Long-term effects of alcohol]]
*[[Long-term effects of alcohol]]
*[[Macrolide]]
*[[Malaria]]
*[[Malaria]]
*[[Malignant hyperthermia]]
*[[Malignant hyperthermia]]
*[[Mallory–Weiss syndrome]]
*[[Maprotiline]]
*[[Maprotiline]]
*[[Megacolon]]
*[[Megacolon]]
*[[Mercury poisoning]]
*[[Mercury poisoning]]
*[[Metabolic acidosis]]
*[[Metabolic acidosis]]
*[[Methadone withdrawl]]
*[[Methadone|Methadone withdrawal]]
*[[Methcathinone]]
*[[Methcathinone]]
*[[N-Methylephedrine|Methylephedrine]]
*[[Methylphenidate]]
*[[Methylphenidate]]
*[[Methysergide]]
*[[Metoclopramide]]
*[[Metoclopramide]]
*[[Milnacipran]]
*[[Milnacipran hydrochloride]]
*[[Minoxidil]]
*[[Minoxidil]]
*[[Mirabegron]]
*[[Mitral valve prolapse|Mitral-valve prolapse]]
*[[Modafinil]]
*[[Modafinil]]
*[[Motofen]]
*[[Motofen]]
*[[Multifocal atrial tachycardia]]
*[[Multifocal atrial tachycardia]]
*[[Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 ]]
*[[Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 ]]
*[[Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 3]]
*[[Muscular dystrophy, Duchenne and Becker type|Muscular dystrophy, duchenne and becker type]]
*[[Myocardial infarction]]
*[[Myocardial ischemia]]
*[[Myocarditis]]
*[[Nabilone]]
*[[Nalbuphine]]
*[[Nalbuphine]]
*[[Nalmefene]]
*[[Nalmefene]]
*[[Neuromuscular-blocking drugs]]
*[[Neuromuscular-blocking drugs]]
*[[Niacin]]
*[[Nialamide]]
*[[Nialamide]]
*[[Nonparoxysmal Junctional Tachycardia]]
*[[Olanzapine]]
*[[Olanzapine]]
*[[Omphalitis]]
*[[Omphalitis]]
*[[Opioid]]
*[[Opioid]]
*[[Oprelvekin]]
*[[Oxaprozin]]
*[[Organophosphate insecticide poisoning]]
*[[Pain]]
*[[Paliperidone]]
*[[Paliperidone]]
*[[Palytoxin]]
*[[Palytoxin]]
*[[Panic disorder]]
*[[Papaverine]]
*[[Papaverine]]
*[[Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia]]
*[[Peanut allergy]]
*Penfield syndrome
*[[Pergolide]]
*[[Peritonitis]]
*[[Peritonitis]]
*[[Phentermine]]
*[[Phentermine]]
*[[Phentolamine]]
*[[Phenylephrine]]
*[[Pheochromocytoma]]
*[[Pheochromocytoma]]
*[[Phenoxybenzamine]]
*[[Pipradrol]]
*[[Pipradrol]]
*[[Poison hemlock|Poison hemlock (conium maculatum)]]
*[[Polyarteritis nodosa]]
*[[Polymorphic ventricular tachycardia]]
*[[Polymorphic ventricular tachycardia]]
*[[Porphyria]]
*[[Porphyria]]
*[[Postoperative septicaemia]]
*[[Postpartum haemorrhage]]
*[[Postpartum thyroiditis|Postpartum hyperthyroidism ]]
*[[Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome]]
*[[Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome]]
*[[Pralidoxime]]
*[[Premature ventricular contractions]]
*[[Premature ventricular contractions]]
*[[Procainamide (patient information)]]
*[[Procainamide (patient information)]]
*[[Procyclidine hydrochloride]]
*[[Procyclidine hydrochloride]]
*[[Propantheline]]
*[[Propantheline]]
*[[Protriptyline|Protriptyline toxicity]]
*[[Pseudoephedrine]]
*[[Pseudoephedrine]]
*[[Pulmonary edema of mountaineers ]]
*[[pulmonary embolism|Postoperative pulmonary embolism]]
*[[Pulmonary heart disease ]]
*[[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia]]
*[[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia]]
*[[QT lengthening]]
*[[Quetiapine|Quetiapine toxicity]]
*[[Quinidine]]
*[[Reproterol]]
*[[Respiratory failure]]
*[[Respiratory infections ]]
*[[Retroperitoneal hematoma]]
*[[Retroperitoneal hematoma]]
*[[Ritodrine]]
*[[Romano–Ward syndrome]]
*[[Ruptured spleen]]
*[[Ruptured spleen]]
*[[Salbutamol]]
*[[Salmeterol]]
*[[Scarlet fever]]
*[[Scarlet fever]]
*[[Scombroid]]
*[[Scombroid]]
*[[Scopolamine]]
*[[Scopolamine]]
*[[Sedative dependence]]
*[[Sepsis]]
*[[Sepsis]]
*[[Serotonin syndrome]]
*[[Serotonin syndrome]]
*[[Sick sinus syndrome]]
*[[Shock]]
*[[Sibutramine]]
*[[Sick sinus syndrome]]  
*[[Sickle-cell disease]]
*[[Sickle-cell disease]]
*[[Sipuleucel-T]]
*[[Smoking]]
*[[Snake bite]]
*[[Sotalol]]
*[[Stroke]]
*[[stress|Sudden stress]]
*[[Sumatriptan]]
*[[Sumatriptan]]
*[[Supraventricular Tachycardias]]
*[[Teniposide]]
*[[Tension pneumothorax]]
*[[Terbutaline]]
*[[Terbutaline]]
*[[Theophylline|Theophylline poisoning]]
*[[Terfenadine]]
*[[Tiagabine]]
*[[Timothy syndrome]]
*[[Tizanidine]]
*[[Tizanidine]]
*[[Tobacco|Tobacco (nicotiana tabacum) ]]
*[[Tolazoline]]
*[[Torsade de pointes]]
*[[Torsade de pointes]]
*[[Toxemia]]
*[[Toxic multinodular goitre]]
*[[Toxic multinodular goitre]]
*[[Toxidrome]]
*[[Toxidrome]]
Line 454: Line 451:
*[[Tuaminoheptane]]
*[[Tuaminoheptane]]
*[[Tuberculosis]]
*[[Tuberculosis]]
*[[Uhl anomaly]]
*[[Ulcerative colitis]]
*[[Ulcerative colitis]]
*[[Unstable angina]]
*[[Heart valve dysplasia|Valvular dysplasia of the child]]
*[[Valvular heart disease]]
*[[Vancomycin resistant enterococcal bacteremia ]]
*[[Vardenafil]]
*[[Vardenafil]]
*[[Variegate porphyria]]
*Vascular malposition
*Ventricular extrasystoles perodactyly Robin sequence
*[[Ventricular familial preexcitation syndrome]]
*[[Ventricular septal defect]]
*[[Dextro-transposition of the great arteries|Ventriculo-arterial discordance, isolated ]]
*[[Vibrio vulnificus infection ]]
*[[Volume depletion]]
*[[Voriconazole]]
*[[Warm Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia|Warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia ]]
*[[Waterhouse–Friderichsen syndrome]]
*[[Watermelon stomach ]]
*[[Western equine encephalitis ]]
*[[Wheezing]]
*[[White coat hypertension]]
*[[White coat hypertension]]
*[[Wide Complex Tachycardias]]
*[[Wide Complex Tachycardias]]
*[[Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome]]
*[[Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome]]
*[[urolithiasis|Xanthic urolithiasis]]
*[[Xanthine]]
*[[Xanthine]]
*[[Zopiclone withdrawl]]
*[[X-linked sideroblastic anaemia ]]
{{col-end}}
*[[Zopiclone|Zopiclone withdrawal]]
}}


==References==
==References==
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[[Category:Cardiology]]
[[Category:Cardiology]]
[[Category:Signs and symptoms]]
[[Category:Crowdiagnosis]]
[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
[[Category:Needs overview]]
[[Category:Needs overview]]

Latest revision as of 17:13, 10 December 2015

Tachycardia Microchapters

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Overview

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Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

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Physical Examination

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Echocardiography

MRI

Other Imaging Findings

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Case #1

Tachycardia causes On the Web

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Directions to Hospitals Treating Tachycardia

Risk calculators and risk factors for Tachycardia causes

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor-In-Chief: M.Umer Tariq [2] Kiran Singh, M.D. [3]

Overview

Life threatening causes of tachycardia include cardiac tamponade, cardiogenic shock, pulseless ventricular tachycardia, and stroke. Other common causes of tachycardia are anemia, exercise, fever, and hyperthyroidism.

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Common Causes

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia, AV-dissociation, AV nodal reentrant tachycardia,bradycardia-tachycardia syndrome, cardiac amyloidosis, cardiogenic shock, cardiac tamponade, cardiomyopathy, commotio cordis, congenital heart disease, congestive heart failure, Cor triatriatum, coronary heart disease, decompensated heart failure, Ebstein's anomaly of the tricuspid valve, endocardial fibroelastosis, fat embolism, heart cancer, heart surgery, hemothorax, hypertension, hypokalaemia, hypotension, hypovolemia, idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy, inappropriate sinus tachycardia, inferior vena cava syndrome, Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome, Kawasaki disease, Lange-Nielsen Syndrome, Loeffler's endocarditis, Long QT Syndrome, mitral-valve prolapse, multifocal atrial tachycardia, myocardial infarction, myocardial ischemia, myocarditis, palpitations , paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome, premature ventricular contractions, pulmonary embolism, pulmonary heart disease, pulseless ventricular tachycardia, QT lengthening, Romano-Ward Syndrome, shock, sick sinus syndrome, stroke, Timothy syndrome, Torsade de pointes, Uhl anomaly, unstable angina, valvular heart disease, vascular malposition, ventricular extrasystoles perodactyly robin sequence, ventricular familial preexcitation syndrome, ventricular septal defect, ventriculo-arterial discordance, isolated, volume depletion, white coat hypertension, Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome
Chemical / poisoning 3-quinuclidinyl benzilate, amphetamine poisoning, arsenic poisoning, beta-adrenergic poisoning, bothrops, caffeine poisoning, carbamate insecticide poisoning, carbon monoxide poisoning, cardiac effects of insect bites, cocaine poisoning, cyanides, cyclic antidepressant poisoning, dicobalt edetate, mercury poisoning, organophosphate insecticide poisoning, scombroid, snake bite, theophylline poisoning
Dermatologic Porphyria
Drug Side Effect Abciximab (patient information), aconitum, almokalant, aminophylline, amlodipine, amphetamine, amrinone, anaesthesia complications, anti-arrhythmic drugs, anticholinergic, antidepressant medications, antipsychotic, asenapine maleate, astemizole, atomoxetine, atropine, beractant, benzphetamine, benzatropine, benzylpiperazine, biperiden, bepridil, bupropion, caffeine, caspofungin,chlorpromazine, chlorprothixene, cidofovir, clemastine, clofarabine, clomifene, clomipramine, clonidine, clozapine, cocaine, corticorelin, cosyntropin, daptomycin, decongestants, desflurane, desipramine, desoxyn, diazoxide, diethylcathinone,diethylpropion, diet pills, diflunisal, digoxin, dapsone, diltiazem, dimenhydrinate, dimercaprol, diphenhydramine, dipivefrine,disulfiram, dobutamine, dofetilide, dopamine, dopexamine, dosulepin hydrochloride, doxapram, doxepin, ephedrine, epinephrine,ethcathinone, etilefrine, felbamate, ferumoxytol, ferric carboxymaltose, flavoxate, febuxostat, formoterol, gadopentetate, glyceryl trinitrate, hexamethonium, hydralazine, hydrocortisone, hydroxocobalamin, hydroxyethyl starch, hyoscyamine, iloprost, Imipramine, Imipenem-Cilastatin, Indomethacin, interferon alfacon-1, Isoprenaline, Isoproterenol, Isoproterenol (aerosol), Isosorbide mononitrate, laronidase, L-dopa, leflunomide, levomepromazine, levomethamphetamine, levosimendan, levothyroxine, lomotil, macrolide, maprotiline, meropenem,methcathinone, methadone withdrawl, methylphenidate, metoclopramide, milnacipran hydrochloride, minoxidil, modafinil, meprobamate,motofen, nabilone, nalbuphine, nalmefene, naltrexone, niacin, nialamide, nitazoxanide, neuromuscular-blocking drugs, olanzapine,opioidoprelvekin, oxaprozin, oxcarbazepine, paliperidone, papaverine, paregoric, pegylated interferon alfa-2b, pentamidine Isethionate, pergolide,phendimetrazine, phentermine, pilocarpine, pipradrol, pirbuterol, pralidoxime, procainamide (patient information), procyclidine hydrochloride,promethazine, propantheline, prednisolone, pseudoephedrine, rizatriptan, sipuleucel-T, sumatriptan, teniposide, terbutaline, thalidomide,tiagabine, tizanidine, trazodone, triazolam, trospium, tuaminoheptane, valdecoxib, vardenafil, voriconazole, zolmitriptan, zonisamide,zopiclone withdrawal
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine Adrenal adenoma, familial, adrenal cancer, adrenal gland hyperfunction, adrenal incidentaloma, adrenal medulla neoplasm, anorexia nervosa, carcinoid crisis, carcinoid syndrome, generalized resistance to thyroid hormone, Graves' disease, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, hyperadrenalism , hyperthyroidism, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, hyperthyroidism, hypoglycaemia, hypokalaemia, hypomagnesemia, insulinoma, hypokalemia, multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1, multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2, multiple endocrine neoplasia type 3, multiple endocrine neoplasia, phaeochromocytoma, postpartum hyperthyroidism, postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome, toxic multinodular goitre, Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome
Environmental Hyperthermia
Gastroenterologic Accessory pancreas, anorexia nervosa, Boerhaave syndrome, carcinoid crisis , carcinoid syndrome, gastroenteritis, Mallory-Weiss syndrome, megacolon, peritonitis, retroperitoneal hematoma, ruptured spleen, ulcerative colitis, Watermelon stomach
Genetic Acute intermittent porphyria, Barth syndrome, Brugada syndrome, Costello syndrome, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, hypokalemic periodic paralysis, Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome, Lange-Nielsen Syndrome, Long QT syndrome, muscular dystrophy, duchenne and becker type, porphyria, Romano-Ward syndrome, sickle-cell disease, Timothy syndrome, Variegate porphyria, ventriculo-arterial discordance, isolated, Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, X-linked sideroblastic anaemia , catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia
Hematologic Anemia, aplastic anemia, blood transfusion, bone-marrow failure syndromes, porphyria, postoperative pulmonary embolism, sickle-cell disease, transfusion reaction, warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia, X-linked sideroblastic anaemia
Iatrogenic Blood transfusion, acute radiation sickness, malignant hyperthermia, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, serotonin syndrome
Infectious Disease Amanita phalloides, bacteremia, bacterial meningitis, Chagas disease, clostridium difficile, Cotton fever, Ebola, fever, gastroenteritis, Lassa fever, malaria, Omphalitis, postoperative septicaemia, scarlet fever, sepsis, tuberculosis, vibrio vulnificus infection, western equine encephalitis
Musculoskeletal / Ortho Duchenne muscular dystrophy, muscular dystrophy, Duchenne and Becker type
Neurologic Autonomic neuropathy, bacterial meningitis , dysautonomia, Pain, stroke, western equine encephalitis
Nutritional / Metabolic Acute intermittent porphyria, acute porphyria, aldehyde syndrome, betel nut, electrolyte imbalances, foods containing tyramine, hydroxocobalamin, hypoglycaemia, iron deficiency, metabolic acidosis
Obstetric/Gynecologic Aortocaval compression syndrome,Fetal distress,Omphalitis, Postpartum haemorrhage
Oncologic Adrenal adenoma, familial , adrenal cancer , adrenal incidentaloma , Adrenal medulla neoplasm, Carcinoid crisis, carcinoid syndrome, Cardiac tumors, Insulinoma, multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1, multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 , multiple endocrine neoplasia type 3, multiple endocrine neoplasia, phaeochromocytoma, respiratory tract neoplasm, insulinoma
Opthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose / Toxicity Amitriptyline toxicity, amoxapine toxicity, doxepin toxicity, imipramine toxicity , protriptyline toxicity , quetiapine toxicity, trimipramine toxicity
Psychiatric Acute stress disorder, alcohol withdrawal, anorexia nervosa, anxiety, chronic fatigue syndrome, cocaine abuse, panic disorder, sudden stress, methadone withdrawl
Pulmonary Acute chest syndrome, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic pulmonary disease, community-acquired pneumonia, fat embolism, hemothorax, hypoxia, near-drowning, postoperative respiratory failure, pulmonary edema of mountaineers, pulmonary embolism, pulmonary heart disease, respiratory failure, respiratory infections, respiratory tract neoplasm, tension pneumothorax, wheezing
Renal / Electrolyte Acute renal failure, Bright's disease, hypokalaemia, hypomagnesemia, metabolic acidosis, Xanthic urolithiasis
Rheum / Immune / Allergy Chronic fatigue syndrome, cutaneous mastocytosis, dermatomyositis, Kawasaki disease, peanut allergy, polyarteritis nodosa
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma Commotio cordis
Urologic No underlying causes
Miscellaneous Angel's trumpet, caffeinated beverages, dipping tobacco, Jimsonweed (datura stramonium), exercise, Indian tobacco (lobelia inflata), penfield syndrome, potato (solanum tuberosum), smoking, tobacco (nicotiana tabacum)

Causes in Alphabetical Order

The unnamed parameter 2= is no longer supported. Please see the documentation for {{columns-list}}.
3

References


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