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{{Infobox_gene}}
{{Infobox_gene}}
'''Myb proto-oncogene protein''' also known as '''transcriptional activator Myb''' is a [[protein]] that in humans is encoded by the ''MYB'' [[gene]].<ref name="pmid17599807">{{cite journal |vauthors=Chen Y, Xu H, Liu J, Zhang C, Leutz A, Mo X | title = The c-Myb functions as a downstream target of PDGF-mediated survival signal in vascular smooth muscle cells | journal = Biochem Biophys Res Commun | volume = 360 | issue = 2 | pages = 433–6 | date = Jul 2007 | pmid = 17599807 | pmc =  | doi = 10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.06.078 }}</ref><ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: v-myb myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog (avian)| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=4602| accessdate = }}</ref>
'''Myb''' [[Gene|genes]] are part of a large [[gene family]] of [[Transcription factor|transcription factors]] found in animals and plants. In humans, it includes [[Myb-related protein B]] and [[Myb proto-oncogene like 1]].<ref name="pmid17599807">{{cite journal |vauthors=Chen Y, Xu H, Liu J, Zhang C, Leutz A, Mo X | title = The c-Myb functions as a downstream target of PDGF-mediated survival signal in vascular smooth muscle cells | journal = Biochem Biophys Res Commun | volume = 360 | issue = 2 | pages = 433–6 | date = Jul 2007 | pmid = 17599807 | pmc =  | doi = 10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.06.078 }}</ref><ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: v-myb myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog (avian)| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=4602| accessdate = }}</ref>


== Function ==
== Function ==


Myb proto-oncogene protein is a member of the MYB ('''my'''elo'''b'''lastosis) family of [[transcription factor]]s. The protein contains three domains, an [[N-terminus|N-terminal]] [[DNA-binding domain]], a central transcriptional activation domain and a C-terminal domain involved in transcriptional [[repressor|repression]]. This protein plays an essential role in the regulation of [[hematopoiesis]] and may play a role in [[tumorigenesis]], including the regulation of [[mir-155|miR-155]] in B-cells.<ref name="pmid21296997">{{cite journal |vauthors=Vargova K, Curik N, Burda P, Basova P, Kulvait V, Pospisil V, Savvulidi F, Kokavec J, Necas E, Berkova A, Obrtlikova P, Karban J, Mraz M, Pospisilova S, Mayer J, Trneny M, Zavadil J, Stopka T | title = MYB transcriptionally regulates the miR-155 host gene in chronic lymphocytic leukemia | journal = Blood | volume = 117 | issue = 14 | pages = 3816–25 | date = April 2011 | pmid = 21296997 | doi = 10.1182/blood-2010-05-285064 }}</ref>
=== Animals ===
Myb proto-oncogene protein is a member of the MYB ('''my'''elo'''b'''lastosis) family of [[transcription factor]]s. The protein contains three domains, an [[N-terminus|N-terminal]] [[DNA-binding domain]], a central transcriptional activation domain and a C-terminal domain involved in transcriptional [[repressor|repression]].


== Plant orthologs ==
=== Plants ===


MYB factors represent a family of proteins that include the conserved MYB DNA-binding domain. Plants contain a MYB-protein subfamily that is characterised by the R2R3-type MYB domain.<ref name="pmid11597504">{{cite journal |vauthors=Stracke R, Werber M, Weisshaar B | title = The R2R3-MYB gene family in Arabidopsis thaliana | journal = Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. | volume = 4 | issue = 5 | pages = 447–56 | date = October 2001 | pmid = 11597504 | doi = 10.1016/s1369-5266(00)00199-0 }}</ref>
MYB factors represent a family of proteins that include the conserved MYB DNA-binding domain. Plants contain a MYB-protein subfamily that is characterised by the R2R3-type MYB domain.<ref name="pmid11597504">{{cite journal |vauthors=Stracke R, Werber M, Weisshaar B | title = The R2R3-MYB gene family in Arabidopsis thaliana | journal = Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. | volume = 4 | issue = 5 | pages = 447–56 | date = October 2001 | pmid = 11597504 | doi = 10.1016/s1369-5266(00)00199-0 }}</ref>


In maize, [[phlobaphene]]s are synthesized in the flavonoids synthetic pathway<ref name="pmid12096095">{{cite journal |vauthors=Himi E, Mares DJ, Yanagisawa A, Noda K | title = Effect of grain colour gene (R) on grain dormancy and sensitivity of the embryo to abscisic acid (ABA) in wheat | journal = J. Exp. Bot. | volume = 53 | issue = 374 | pages = 1569–74 | date = July 2002 | pmid = 12096095 | doi = 10.1093/jxb/erf005 }}</ref> from polymerisation of [[flavan-4-ol]]s<ref name="pmid11402179">{{cite journal | author = Winkel-Shirley B | title = Flavonoid biosynthesis. A colorful model for genetics, biochemistry, cell biology, and biotechnology | journal = Plant Physiol. | volume = 126 | issue = 2 | pages = 485–93 | date = June 2001 | pmid = 11402179 | pmc = 1540115 | doi = 10.1104/pp.126.2.485 }}</ref><ref name="pmid12663550">{{cite journal |vauthors=Chopra S, Cocciolone SM, Bushman S, Sangar V, McMullen MD, Peterson T | title = The maize unstable factor for orange1 is a dominant epigenetic modifier of a tissue specifically silent allele of pericarp color1 | journal = Genetics | volume = 163 | issue = 3 | pages = 1135–46 | date = March 2003 | pmid = 12663550 | pmc = 1462483 | doi =  }}</ref> which encodes an R2R3 myb-like [[transcriptional activator]]<ref>[http://www.intl-pag.org/16/abstracts/PAG16_P05d_343.html Structural And Transcriptional Analysis Of The Complex P1-wr Cluster In Maize. Wolfgang Goettel, Joachim Messing. Plant & Animal Genomes XVI Conference]</ref> of the A1 gene encoding for the [[dihydroflavonol 4-reductase]] (reducing [[dihydroflavonol]]s into flavan-4-ols)<ref name="pmid11553733">{{cite journal |vauthors=Dong X, Braun EL, Grotewold E | title = Functional conservation of plant secondary metabolic enzymes revealed by complementation of Arabidopsis flavonoid mutants with maize genes | journal = Plant Physiol. | volume = 127 | issue = 1 | pages = 46–57 | date = September 2001 | pmid = 11553733 | pmc = 117961 | doi = 10.1104/pp.127.1.46 | url = http://www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/reprint/127/1/46.pdf }}</ref> while another gene (Suppressor of Pericarp Pigmentation 1 or SPP1) acts as a [[transcriptional suppressor|suppressor]].<ref>{{cite journal | title = Suppressor of Pericarp Pigmentation 1 (SPP1), a novel gene involved in phlobaphene accumulation in maize (Zea mays L.) pericarps. |vauthors=Lee EA, Harper V | journal = Maydica | year = 2002 | volume = 47 | issue = 1 | pages = 51–58 }} {{INIST|13772300}}</ref> The maize P gene encodes a Myb homolog that recognizes the sequence CCT/AACC, in sharp contrast with the C/TAACGG bound by vertebrate Myb proteins.<ref>The myb-homologous P gene controls phlobaphene pigmentation in maize floral organs by directly activating a flavonoid biosynthetic gene subset. Erich Grotewold, Bruce J. Drummond, Ben Bowen and Thomas Peterson, Cell, 11 February 199, Volume 76, Issue 3, pages 543-554, {{doi|10.1016/0092-8674(94)90117-1}} {{PMID|8313474}}</ref>
In maize, [[phlobaphene]]s are synthesized in the flavonoids synthetic pathway<ref name="pmid12096095">{{cite journal |vauthors=Himi E, Mares DJ, Yanagisawa A, Noda K | title = Effect of grain colour gene (R) on grain dormancy and sensitivity of the embryo to abscisic acid (ABA) in wheat | journal = J. Exp. Bot. | volume = 53 | issue = 374 | pages = 1569–74 | date = July 2002 | pmid = 12096095 | doi = 10.1093/jxb/erf005 }}</ref> from polymerisation of [[flavan-4-ol]]s<ref name="pmid11402179">{{cite journal | author = Winkel-Shirley B | title = Flavonoid biosynthesis. A colorful model for genetics, biochemistry, cell biology, and biotechnology | journal = Plant Physiol. | volume = 126 | issue = 2 | pages = 485–93 | date = June 2001 | pmid = 11402179 | pmc = 1540115 | doi = 10.1104/pp.126.2.485 }}</ref><ref name="pmid12663550">{{cite journal |vauthors=Chopra S, Cocciolone SM, Bushman S, Sangar V, McMullen MD, Peterson T | title = The maize unstable factor for orange1 is a dominant epigenetic modifier of a tissue specifically silent allele of pericarp color1 | journal = Genetics | volume = 163 | issue = 3 | pages = 1135–46 | date = March 2003 | pmid = 12663550 | pmc = 1462483 | doi =  }}</ref> which encodes an R2R3 myb-like [[transcriptional activator]]<ref>[http://www.intl-pag.org/16/abstracts/PAG16_P05d_343.html Structural And Transcriptional Analysis Of The Complex P1-wr Cluster In Maize. Wolfgang Goettel, Joachim Messing. Plant & Animal Genomes XVI Conference] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120218100748/http://www.intl-pag.org/16/abstracts/PAG16_P05d_343.html |date=2012-02-18 }}</ref> of the A1 gene encoding for the [[dihydroflavonol 4-reductase]] (reducing [[dihydroflavonol]]s into flavan-4-ols)<ref name="pmid11553733">{{cite journal |vauthors=Dong X, Braun EL, Grotewold E | title = Functional conservation of plant secondary metabolic enzymes revealed by complementation of Arabidopsis flavonoid mutants with maize genes | journal = Plant Physiol. | volume = 127 | issue = 1 | pages = 46–57 | date = September 2001 | pmid = 11553733 | pmc = 117961 | doi = 10.1104/pp.127.1.46 | url = http://www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/reprint/127/1/46.pdf }}</ref> while another gene (Suppressor of Pericarp Pigmentation 1 or SPP1) acts as a [[transcriptional suppressor|suppressor]].<ref>{{cite journal | title = Suppressor of Pericarp Pigmentation 1 (SPP1), a novel gene involved in phlobaphene accumulation in maize (Zea mays L.) pericarps. |vauthors=Lee EA, Harper V | journal = Maydica | year = 2002 | volume = 47 | issue = 1 | pages = 51–58 }} {{INIST|13772300}}</ref> The maize P gene encodes a Myb homolog that recognizes the sequence CCT/AACC, in sharp contrast with the C/TAACGG bound by vertebrate Myb proteins.<ref>The myb-homologous P gene controls phlobaphene pigmentation in maize floral organs by directly activating a flavonoid biosynthetic gene subset. Erich Grotewold, Bruce J. Drummond, Ben Bowen and Thomas Peterson, Cell, 11 February 199, Volume 76, Issue 3, pages 543-554, {{doi|10.1016/0092-8674(94)90117-1}} {{PMID|8313474}}</ref>


In sorghum, the corresponding yellow seed 1 gene (y1)<ref>{{cite journal | title = Characterization of a deletion allele of a sorghum Myb gene yellow seedl showing loss of 3-deoxyflavonoids |vauthors=Boddu J, Svabek C, Ibraheem F, Jones AD, Chopra S | journal = Plant Science | year = 2005 | volume = 169 | issue = 3 | pages = 542–552 | doi=10.1016/j.plantsci.2005.05.007}} {{INIST|16983977}}</ref> also encodes a R2R3 type of Myb domain protein that regulates the expression of [[chalcone synthase]], [[chalcone isomerase]] and [[dihydroflavonol reductase]] genes required for the biosynthesis of [[3-deoxyflavonoids]].<ref name="pmid16429259">{{cite journal |vauthors=Boddu J, Jiang C, Sangar V, Olson T, Peterson T, Chopra S | title = Comparative structural and functional characterization of sorghum and maize duplications containing orthologous myb transcription regulators of 3-deoxyflavonoid biosynthesis | journal = Plant Mol. Biol. | volume = 60 | issue = 2 | pages = 185–99 | date = January 2006 | pmid = 16429259 | doi = 10.1007/s11103-005-3568-1 }}</ref>
In sorghum, the corresponding yellow seed 1 gene (y1)<ref>{{cite journal | title = Characterization of a deletion allele of a sorghum Myb gene yellow seedl showing loss of 3-deoxyflavonoids |vauthors=Boddu J, Svabek C, Ibraheem F, Jones AD, Chopra S | journal = Plant Science | year = 2005 | volume = 169 | issue = 3 | pages = 542–552 | doi=10.1016/j.plantsci.2005.05.007}} {{INIST|16983977}}</ref> also encodes a R2R3 type of Myb domain protein that regulates the expression of [[chalcone synthase]], [[chalcone isomerase]] and [[dihydroflavonol reductase]] genes required for the biosynthesis of [[3-deoxyflavonoids]].<ref name="pmid16429259">{{cite journal |vauthors=Boddu J, Jiang C, Sangar V, Olson T, Peterson T, Chopra S | title = Comparative structural and functional characterization of sorghum and maize duplications containing orthologous myb transcription regulators of 3-deoxyflavonoid biosynthesis | journal = Plant Mol. Biol. | volume = 60 | issue = 2 | pages = 185–99 | date = January 2006 | pmid = 16429259 | doi = 10.1007/s11103-005-3568-1 }}</ref>


Ruby is a MYB transcriptional activator of genes that produce anthocyanin in citrus fruits. In most citrus varieties Ruby is non-functional, but in blood oranges it upregulates anthocyanin production to produce the characteristic red color of the fruit.<ref name="pmid22427337">{{cite journal |vauthors=Butelli E, Licciardello C, Zhang Y, Liu J, Mackay S, Bailey P, Reforgiato-Recupero G, Martin C | title = Retrotransposons control fruit-specific, cold-dependent accumulation of anthocyanins in blood oranges | journal = Plant Cell | volume = 24 | issue = 3 | pages = 1242–55 | year = 2012 | pmid = 22427337 | pmc = 3336134 | doi = 10.1105/tpc.111.095232 }}</ref>
Ruby is a MYB transcriptional activator of genes that produce anthocyanin in citrus fruits. In most citrus varieties Ruby is non-functional, but in blood oranges it upregulates anthocyanin production to produce the characteristic red color of the fruit.<ref name="pmid22427337">{{cite journal |vauthors=Butelli E, Licciardello C, Zhang Y, Liu J, Mackay S, Bailey P, Reforgiato-Recupero G, Martin C | title = Retrotransposons control fruit-specific, cold-dependent accumulation of anthocyanins in blood oranges | journal = Plant Cell | volume = 24 | issue = 3 | pages = 1242–55 | year = 2012 | pmid = 22427337 | pmc = 3336134 | doi = 10.1105/tpc.111.095232 }}</ref>
== See also ==
* [[MYBL2]]
* [[Myb proto-oncogene like 1]]


== References ==
== References ==

Latest revision as of 21:03, 13 November 2018

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Identifiers
Aliases
External IDsGeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

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Ensembl

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UniProt

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RefSeq (mRNA)

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RefSeq (protein)

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Location (UCSC)n/an/a
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View/Edit Human

Myb genes are part of a large gene family of transcription factors found in animals and plants. In humans, it includes Myb-related protein B and Myb proto-oncogene like 1.[1][2]

Function

Animals

Myb proto-oncogene protein is a member of the MYB (myeloblastosis) family of transcription factors. The protein contains three domains, an N-terminal DNA-binding domain, a central transcriptional activation domain and a C-terminal domain involved in transcriptional repression.

Plants

MYB factors represent a family of proteins that include the conserved MYB DNA-binding domain. Plants contain a MYB-protein subfamily that is characterised by the R2R3-type MYB domain.[3]

In maize, phlobaphenes are synthesized in the flavonoids synthetic pathway[4] from polymerisation of flavan-4-ols[5][6] which encodes an R2R3 myb-like transcriptional activator[7] of the A1 gene encoding for the dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (reducing dihydroflavonols into flavan-4-ols)[8] while another gene (Suppressor of Pericarp Pigmentation 1 or SPP1) acts as a suppressor.[9] The maize P gene encodes a Myb homolog that recognizes the sequence CCT/AACC, in sharp contrast with the C/TAACGG bound by vertebrate Myb proteins.[10]

In sorghum, the corresponding yellow seed 1 gene (y1)[11] also encodes a R2R3 type of Myb domain protein that regulates the expression of chalcone synthase, chalcone isomerase and dihydroflavonol reductase genes required for the biosynthesis of 3-deoxyflavonoids.[12]

Ruby is a MYB transcriptional activator of genes that produce anthocyanin in citrus fruits. In most citrus varieties Ruby is non-functional, but in blood oranges it upregulates anthocyanin production to produce the characteristic red color of the fruit.[13]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Chen Y, Xu H, Liu J, Zhang C, Leutz A, Mo X (Jul 2007). "The c-Myb functions as a downstream target of PDGF-mediated survival signal in vascular smooth muscle cells". Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 360 (2): 433–6. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.06.078. PMID 17599807.
  2. ↑ "Entrez Gene: v-myb myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog (avian)".
  3. ↑ Stracke R, Werber M, Weisshaar B (October 2001). "The R2R3-MYB gene family in Arabidopsis thaliana". Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. 4 (5): 447–56. doi:10.1016/s1369-5266(00)00199-0. PMID 11597504.
  4. ↑ Himi E, Mares DJ, Yanagisawa A, Noda K (July 2002). "Effect of grain colour gene (R) on grain dormancy and sensitivity of the embryo to abscisic acid (ABA) in wheat". J. Exp. Bot. 53 (374): 1569–74. doi:10.1093/jxb/erf005. PMID 12096095.
  5. ↑ Winkel-Shirley B (June 2001). "Flavonoid biosynthesis. A colorful model for genetics, biochemistry, cell biology, and biotechnology". Plant Physiol. 126 (2): 485–93. doi:10.1104/pp.126.2.485. PMC 1540115. PMID 11402179.
  6. ↑ Chopra S, Cocciolone SM, Bushman S, Sangar V, McMullen MD, Peterson T (March 2003). "The maize unstable factor for orange1 is a dominant epigenetic modifier of a tissue specifically silent allele of pericarp color1". Genetics. 163 (3): 1135–46. PMC 1462483. PMID 12663550.
  7. ↑ Structural And Transcriptional Analysis Of The Complex P1-wr Cluster In Maize. Wolfgang Goettel, Joachim Messing. Plant & Animal Genomes XVI Conference Archived 2012-02-18 at the Wayback Machine.
  8. ↑ Dong X, Braun EL, Grotewold E (September 2001). "Functional conservation of plant secondary metabolic enzymes revealed by complementation of Arabidopsis flavonoid mutants with maize genes" (PDF). Plant Physiol. 127 (1): 46–57. doi:10.1104/pp.127.1.46. PMC 117961. PMID 11553733.
  9. ↑ Lee EA, Harper V (2002). "Suppressor of Pericarp Pigmentation 1 (SPP1), a novel gene involved in phlobaphene accumulation in maize (Zea mays L.) pericarps". Maydica. 47 (1): 51–58. INIST:13772300
  10. ↑ The myb-homologous P gene controls phlobaphene pigmentation in maize floral organs by directly activating a flavonoid biosynthetic gene subset. Erich Grotewold, Bruce J. Drummond, Ben Bowen and Thomas Peterson, Cell, 11 February 199, Volume 76, Issue 3, pages 543-554, doi:10.1016/0092-8674(94)90117-1 PMID 8313474
  11. ↑ Boddu J, Svabek C, Ibraheem F, Jones AD, Chopra S (2005). "Characterization of a deletion allele of a sorghum Myb gene yellow seedl showing loss of 3-deoxyflavonoids". Plant Science. 169 (3): 542–552. doi:10.1016/j.plantsci.2005.05.007. INIST:16983977
  12. ↑ Boddu J, Jiang C, Sangar V, Olson T, Peterson T, Chopra S (January 2006). "Comparative structural and functional characterization of sorghum and maize duplications containing orthologous myb transcription regulators of 3-deoxyflavonoid biosynthesis". Plant Mol. Biol. 60 (2): 185–99. doi:10.1007/s11103-005-3568-1. PMID 16429259.
  13. ↑ Butelli E, Licciardello C, Zhang Y, Liu J, Mackay S, Bailey P, Reforgiato-Recupero G, Martin C (2012). "Retrotransposons control fruit-specific, cold-dependent accumulation of anthocyanins in blood oranges". Plant Cell. 24 (3): 1242–55. doi:10.1105/tpc.111.095232. PMC 3336134. PMID 22427337.

Further reading

External links

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.

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