Menopause classification: Difference between revisions
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*[[Perimenopause]] or "menopause transition"means the [[menopause]] transition years, the years before and after the last period ever, when the majority of [[women]] find that they undergo at least some [[symptoms]] of [[hormonal]] change and fluctuation, such as [[Hot flash|hot flashes]], [[mood]] changes, [[insomnia]], [[fatigue]], irregular [[menses]]. During [[perimenopause]], the production of most of the reproductive [[hormones]], including [[estrogen]]s and [[progestin]], diminishes and becomes more irregular, often with wide and unpredictable fluctuations in levels. During this period, [[fertility]] diminishes. [[Symptoms]] of [[perimenopause]] can begin as early as age 35, although most [[women]] become aware of them about 10 years later than this. [[Perimenopause]] can last for a few years, or ten years or even longer<ref name="Bellipanni_2005">Bellipanni G, DI Marzo F, Blasi F, et al. Effects of melatonin in perimenopausal and menopausal women: our personal experience. 2005. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1057:393-402. [[Digital_object_identifier|DOI]]: [http://dx.doi.org/10.1196/annals.1356.030 10.1196/annals.1356.030] '''PMID 16399909'''</ref>. | *[[Perimenopause]] or "menopause transition"means the [[menopause]] transition years, the years before and after the last period ever, when the majority of [[women]] find that they undergo at least some [[symptoms]] of [[hormonal]] change and fluctuation, such as [[Hot flash|hot flashes]], [[mood]] changes, [[insomnia]], [[fatigue]], irregular [[menses]]. During [[perimenopause]], the production of most of the reproductive [[hormones]], including [[estrogen]]s and [[progestin]], diminishes and becomes more irregular, often with wide and unpredictable fluctuations in levels. During this period, [[fertility]] diminishes. [[Symptoms]] of [[perimenopause]] can begin as early as age 35, although most [[women]] become aware of them about 10 years later than this. [[Perimenopause]] can last for a few years, or ten years or even longer<ref name="Bellipanni_2005">Bellipanni G, DI Marzo F, Blasi F, et al. Effects of melatonin in perimenopausal and menopausal women: our personal experience. 2005. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1057:393-402. [[Digital_object_identifier|DOI]]: [http://dx.doi.org/10.1196/annals.1356.030 10.1196/annals.1356.030] '''PMID 16399909'''</ref>. | ||
*Premenopause is a word used to describe the years leading up to the last period ever when the levels of reproductive [[hormones]] are already becoming lower and more erratic, and [[symptoms]] of [[hormone]] withdrawal may be present. | *Premenopause is a word used to describe the years leading up to the last period ever when the levels of reproductive [[hormones]] are already becoming lower and more erratic, and [[symptoms]] of [[hormone]] withdrawal may be present. | ||
*Postmenopause, a woman has considered in post-[[menopause]] after [[amenorrhea]] more than 12 months, not even any spotting. When she reaches that point, she is one year into post-menopause. The reason for this delay in declaring a woman post-menopausal is because periods become very erratic at this time of life, and therefore a reasonably long period is necessary to be sure that the cycling has ceased. A woman's reproductive [[hormone]] levels continue to drop and fluctuate for some time into post-[[menopause]], so any [[hormone]] [[withdrawal symptoms]] that a woman may be experiencing do not necessarily stop right away but may take quite some time, even several years, to disappear completely. | *Postmenopause, a woman has considered in post-[[menopause]] after [[amenorrhea]] more than 12 months, not even any spotting. When she reaches that point, she is one year into post-menopause. The reason for this delay in declaring a woman post-menopausal is because periods become very erratic at this time of life, and therefore a reasonably long period is necessary to be sure that the cycling has ceased. A woman's reproductive [[hormone]] levels continue to drop and fluctuate for some time into post-[[menopause]], so any [[hormone]] [[withdrawal symptoms]] that a woman may be experiencing do not necessarily stop right away but may take quite some time, even several years, to disappear completely.<ref name="pmid16399909">{{cite journal| author=Bellipanni G, DI Marzo F, Blasi F, Di Marzo A| title=Effects of melatonin in perimenopausal and menopausal women: our personal experience. | journal=Ann N Y Acad Sci | year= 2005 | volume= 1057 | issue= | pages= 393-402 | pmid=16399909 | doi=10.1196/annals.1356.030 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16399909 }} </ref> | ||
===<big>Premature Menopause/Early menopause</big>=== | ===<big>Premature Menopause/Early menopause</big>=== | ||
Revision as of 23:55, 9 February 2021
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Menopause classification On the Web |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Rahmah Al-Edresi, M.D.[2]
Overview
Clinically, Menopause does not happen suddenly, but it passes through stages until it reaches the permanent cessation of the menstrual cycle. It is classified according to pathological causes into three types including physiological menopause, Premature Menopause/Early menopause, and Induced Menopause. Physiological menopause is amenorrhea without any pathological diseases and medical conditions. As women age, the production of estrogen and progesterone from the ovaries begins to decrease gradually. Premature menopause is the permanent cessation of the menstrual cycle of the age of 40 because of premature ovarian failure" it is the permanent loss of ovarian function, but early menopause is a cessation of the menstrual cycle between 40 and 45 of age, and both of them happen because of several medical diseases as ( Autoimmune disease, thyroid disease, metabolic disorder, diabetes mellitus). Induced menopause is the permanent cessation of the menstrual cycle because of complication of medical treatment such as chemotherapy, and radiotherapy.
Classification of Menopause
Menopause is classified according to causes into three types :
- Physiological menopause
- Premature Menopause/Early menopause
- Induced Menopause
Physiological Menopause
Physiological menopause is amenorrhea without any pathological diseases or medical conditions. As women age, the production of estrogen and progesterone from the ovaries begins to decrease gradually, as these hormones play a major role in the occurrence of menstruation regularly, and as a result of the deficiency of these hormones occurs menopause.
- Perimenopause or "menopause transition"means the menopause transition years, the years before and after the last period ever, when the majority of women find that they undergo at least some symptoms of hormonal change and fluctuation, such as hot flashes, mood changes, insomnia, fatigue, irregular menses. During perimenopause, the production of most of the reproductive hormones, including estrogens and progestin, diminishes and becomes more irregular, often with wide and unpredictable fluctuations in levels. During this period, fertility diminishes. Symptoms of perimenopause can begin as early as age 35, although most women become aware of them about 10 years later than this. Perimenopause can last for a few years, or ten years or even longer[1].
- Premenopause is a word used to describe the years leading up to the last period ever when the levels of reproductive hormones are already becoming lower and more erratic, and symptoms of hormone withdrawal may be present.
- Postmenopause, a woman has considered in post-menopause after amenorrhea more than 12 months, not even any spotting. When she reaches that point, she is one year into post-menopause. The reason for this delay in declaring a woman post-menopausal is because periods become very erratic at this time of life, and therefore a reasonably long period is necessary to be sure that the cycling has ceased. A woman's reproductive hormone levels continue to drop and fluctuate for some time into post-menopause, so any hormone withdrawal symptoms that a woman may be experiencing do not necessarily stop right away but may take quite some time, even several years, to disappear completely.[2]
Premature Menopause/Early menopause
Premature menopause is the permanent cessation of the menstrual cycle between 40 and 45 of age, because of premature ovarian failure and several medical diseases.[3]
Induced Menopause
Induced menopause is the permanent cessation of the menstrual cycle because of complication of medical treatment such as chemotherapy, and radiotherapy for treatment of cancer and pelvic surgery such as Bilateral oophorectomy, salpingo-oophorectomy, and Hysterectomy. The causes of menopause after these surgery are the sudden quickly drop in hormone levels after oophorectomy and decrease in the mechanism of feedback after Hysterectomy although ovarian hormones are still produced .The surgical menopausal symptoms may be more severe like hot flushes [4]
References
- ↑ Bellipanni G, DI Marzo F, Blasi F, et al. Effects of melatonin in perimenopausal and menopausal women: our personal experience. 2005. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1057:393-402. DOI: 10.1196/annals.1356.030 PMID 16399909
- ↑ Bellipanni G, DI Marzo F, Blasi F, Di Marzo A (2005). "Effects of melatonin in perimenopausal and menopausal women: our personal experience". Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1057: 393–402. doi:10.1196/annals.1356.030. PMID 16399909.
- ↑ Shifren JL, Gass ML, NAMS Recommendations for Clinical Care of Midlife Women Working Group (2014). "The North American Menopause Society recommendations for clinical care of midlife women". Menopause. 21 (10): 1038–62. doi:10.1097/GME.0000000000000319. PMID 25225714.
- ↑ https://www.menopause.org/for-women/menopauseflashes/menopause-symptoms-and-treatments/instant-help-for-induced-menopause