Hypopituitarism history and symptoms: Difference between revisions
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==Symptoms== | ==Symptoms== | ||
Patients of [[Hypopituitarism (patient information)|hypopituitarism]] may be asymptomatic or show symptoms which can be nonspecific or specific for the deficient [[hormone]] | Patients of [[Hypopituitarism (patient information)|hypopituitarism]] may be asymptomatic or show symptoms which can be nonspecific or specific for the deficient [[hormone]]<ref name="AscoliCavagnini2006">{{cite journal|last1=Ascoli|first1=Paola|last2=Cavagnini|first2=Francesco|title=Hypopituitarism|journal=Pituitary|volume=9|issue=4|year=2006|pages=335–342|issn=1386-341X|doi=10.1007/s11102-006-0416-5}}</ref> such as adrenal cisis or profound hypothyroidism and can also present with symptoms suggestive of mass lesion. | ||
===Non-specific symptoms=== | ===Non-specific symptoms=== | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Elsaiey, MBBCH [2], Iqra Qamar M.D.[3]
Overview
A positive history of head trauma or any mass adenoma) or a lesion ( such as a sellar lesion) or any symptom related to pituitary hormonal deficiency is suggestive of hypopituitarism. Patients of hypopituitarism may be asymptomatic or show symptoms which can be nonspecific or specific for the deficient hormone. Patients with acute onset of hypopituitarism can present with headache, nausea, vomiting, visual impairment, fatigue, cold intolerance, hypotension and dizziness. Patients with chronic hypopituitarism can present with pallor, weight loss and anorexia.
History
A positive history of head trauma or any mass (adenoma) or a lesion ( such as a sellar lesion) or any symptom related to pituitary hormonal deficiency is suggestive of hypopituitarism.
Symptoms
Patients of hypopituitarism may be asymptomatic or show symptoms which can be nonspecific or specific for the deficient hormone[1] such as adrenal cisis or profound hypothyroidism and can also present with symptoms suggestive of mass lesion.
Non-specific symptoms
Patients of hypopituitarism may present with the following symptoms:
| Acute hypopituitarism | Chronic hypopituitarism |
|---|---|
|
Symptoms of deficient hormones
In hypopituitarism, either one of the pituitary gland hormones is decreased or the whole hormones are decreased in case of panhypopituitarism. In this table, each hormone deficiency symptoms are listed.[2]
| Pituitary gland | Hormone | Symptoms of deficiency |
|---|---|---|
| Anterior pituitary | Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone (ACTH) | The most critical hormonal deficient in hypopituitarism.[3][4] |
| Growth Hormone (GH) |
| |
| Gonadotropin hormones: | In men:
In women:[6] | |
| Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) |
| |
| Prolactin |
| |
| Posterior pituitary | Oxytocin | |
| Anti Diuretic Hormone (ADH) |
References
- ↑ Ascoli, Paola; Cavagnini, Francesco (2006). "Hypopituitarism". Pituitary. 9 (4): 335–342. doi:10.1007/s11102-006-0416-5. ISSN 1386-341X.
- ↑ Fleseriu, Maria; Hashim, Ibrahim A.; Karavitaki, Niki; Melmed, Shlomo; Murad, M. Hassan; Salvatori, Roberto; Samuels, Mary H. (2016). "Hormonal Replacement in Hypopituitarism in Adults: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline". The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 101 (11): 3888–3921. doi:10.1210/jc.2016-2118. ISSN 0021-972X.
- ↑ Burke, C.W. (1985). "Adrenocortical insufficiency". Clinics in Endocrinology and Metabolism. 14 (4): 947–976. doi:10.1016/S0300-595X(85)80084-0. ISSN 0300-595X.
- ↑ Bancos I, Hahner S, Tomlinson J, Arlt W (2015). "Diagnosis and management of adrenal insufficiency". Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 3 (3): 216–26. doi:10.1016/S2213-8587(14)70142-1. PMID 25098712.
- ↑ Murray RD, Columb B, Adams JE, Shalet SM (2004). "Low bone mass is an infrequent feature of the adult growth hormone deficiency syndrome in middle-age adults and the elderly". J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 89 (3): 1124–30. doi:10.1210/jc.2003-030685. PMID 15001597.
- ↑ Miller KK, Biller BM, Hier J, Arena E, Klibanski A (2002). "Androgens and bone density in women with hypopituitarism". J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 87 (6): 2770–6. doi:10.1210/jcem.87.6.8557. PMID 12050248.