Hypopituitarism history and symptoms: Difference between revisions
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==History== | ==History== | ||
A positive history of head trauma or any mass (adenoma) or a lesion ( such as a sellar lesion) or any symptom related to pituitary hormonal deficiency is suggestive of hypopituitarism. | A positive history of [[head trauma]] or any [[mass]] ([[adenoma]]) or a [[lesion]] ( such as a sellar lesion) or any symptom related to [[Pituitary gland|pituitary]] [[hormonal]] deficiency is suggestive of hypopituitarism. | ||
==Symptoms== | ==Symptoms== | ||
Patients of hypopituitarism may be asymptomatic or show symptoms which can be nonspecific or specific for the deficient hormone.<ref name="AscoliCavagnini2006">{{cite journal|last1=Ascoli|first1=Paola|last2=Cavagnini|first2=Francesco|title=Hypopituitarism|journal=Pituitary|volume=9|issue=4|year=2006|pages=335–342|issn=1386-341X|doi=10.1007/s11102-006-0416-5}}</ref> | Patients of hypopituitarism may be asymptomatic or show symptoms which can be nonspecific or specific for the deficient [[hormone]].<ref name="AscoliCavagnini2006">{{cite journal|last1=Ascoli|first1=Paola|last2=Cavagnini|first2=Francesco|title=Hypopituitarism|journal=Pituitary|volume=9|issue=4|year=2006|pages=335–342|issn=1386-341X|doi=10.1007/s11102-006-0416-5}}</ref> | ||
===Non-specific symptoms=== | ===Non-specific symptoms=== | ||
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* [[Fatigue (physical)|fatigue]] | * [[Fatigue (physical)|fatigue]] | ||
* Cold intolerance | * Cold intolerance | ||
* Hypotension | * [[Hypotension]] | ||
* Dizziness | * [[Dizziness]] | ||
| | | | ||
* Pallor | * [[Pallor]] | ||
* Weight loss | * [[Weight loss]] | ||
* Anorexia | * [[Anorexia]] | ||
|} | |} | ||
===Symptoms of deficient hormones=== | ===Symptoms of deficient hormones=== | ||
In hypopituitarism, either one of the pituitary gland hormones is decreased or the whole hormones are decreased in case of panhypopituitarism. In this table each hormone deficiency symptoms are listed.<ref name="FleseriuHashim2016">{{cite journal|last1=Fleseriu|first1=Maria|last2=Hashim|first2=Ibrahim A.|last3=Karavitaki|first3=Niki|last4=Melmed|first4=Shlomo|last5=Murad|first5=M. Hassan|last6=Salvatori|first6=Roberto|last7=Samuels|first7=Mary H.|title=Hormonal Replacement in Hypopituitarism in Adults: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline|journal=The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism|volume=101|issue=11|year=2016|pages=3888–3921|issn=0021-972X|doi=10.1210/jc.2016-2118}}</ref> | In hypopituitarism, either one of the [[pituitary gland]] [[hormones]] is decreased or the whole hormones are decreased in case of panhypopituitarism. In this table, each hormone deficiency symptoms are listed.<ref name="FleseriuHashim2016">{{cite journal|last1=Fleseriu|first1=Maria|last2=Hashim|first2=Ibrahim A.|last3=Karavitaki|first3=Niki|last4=Melmed|first4=Shlomo|last5=Murad|first5=M. Hassan|last6=Salvatori|first6=Roberto|last7=Samuels|first7=Mary H.|title=Hormonal Replacement in Hypopituitarism in Adults: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline|journal=The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism|volume=101|issue=11|year=2016|pages=3888–3921|issn=0021-972X|doi=10.1210/jc.2016-2118}}</ref> | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
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|- | |- | ||
| rowspan="5" |'''Anterior pituitary''' | | rowspan="5" |'''Anterior pituitary''' | ||
|Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone (ACTH) | |[[Adrenocorticotropic hormone|Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone (ACTH)]] | ||
|The most critical hormonal deficient in hypopituitarism.<ref name="Burke1985">{{cite journal|last1=Burke|first1=C.W.|title=Adrenocortical insufficiency|journal=Clinics in Endocrinology and Metabolism|volume=14|issue=4|year=1985|pages=947–976|issn=0300595X|doi=10.1016/S0300-595X(85)80084-0}}</ref><ref name="pmid25098712">{{cite journal| author=Bancos I, Hahner S, Tomlinson J, Arlt W| title=Diagnosis and management of adrenal insufficiency. | journal=Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol | year= 2015 | volume= 3 | issue= 3 | pages= 216-26 | pmid=25098712 | doi=10.1016/S2213-8587(14)70142-1 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25098712 }}</ref> | |The most critical [[hormonal]] deficient in hypopituitarism.<ref name="Burke1985">{{cite journal|last1=Burke|first1=C.W.|title=Adrenocortical insufficiency|journal=Clinics in Endocrinology and Metabolism|volume=14|issue=4|year=1985|pages=947–976|issn=0300595X|doi=10.1016/S0300-595X(85)80084-0}}</ref><ref name="pmid25098712">{{cite journal| author=Bancos I, Hahner S, Tomlinson J, Arlt W| title=Diagnosis and management of adrenal insufficiency. | journal=Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol | year= 2015 | volume= 3 | issue= 3 | pages= 216-26 | pmid=25098712 | doi=10.1016/S2213-8587(14)70142-1 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25098712 }}</ref> | ||
* Nausea and vomiting | * [[Nausea and vomiting]] | ||
* Fatigue | * [[Fatigue]] | ||
* Abdominal pain | * [[Abdominal pain]] | ||
* Weight loss | * [[Weight loss]] | ||
* Chest pain | * [[Chest pain]] | ||
* Confusion (hypoglycemia) | * [[Confusion]] ([[hypoglycemia]]) | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Growth Hormone (GH) | |[[Growth hormone|Growth Hormone (GH)]] | ||
| | | | ||
* Short stature (In children) | * [[Short stature]] (In children) | ||
* Fatigue | * [[Fatigue]] | ||
* Increased cardiovascular risk | * Increased [[cardiovascular]] risk | ||
* Decrease muscle mass | * Decrease [[muscle mass]] | ||
* Decrease bone mineral | * Decrease [[bone mineral density]] which may lead to [[osteoporosis]]<ref name="pmid15001597">{{cite journal| author=Murray RD, Columb B, Adams JE, Shalet SM| title=Low bone mass is an infrequent feature of the adult growth hormone deficiency syndrome in middle-age adults and the elderly. | journal=J Clin Endocrinol Metab | year= 2004 | volume= 89 | issue= 3 | pages= 1124-30 | pmid=15001597 | doi=10.1210/jc.2003-030685 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15001597 }}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Gonadotropin hormones: | |[[Gonadotropin|Gonadotropin hormones:]] | ||
* Luteinizing Hormone (LH) | * [[Luteinizing hormone|Luteinizing Hormone (LH)]] | ||
* Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) | * [[FSH|Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)]] | ||
|In men: | |In men: | ||
* Loss of libido | * [[Loss of libido]] | ||
* Erectile dysfunction | * [[Erectile dysfunction]] | ||
* Decrease bone mass | * Decrease [[bone mass]] | ||
* Reduced energy and vitality | * Reduced energy and vitality | ||
* Infertility | * [[Infertility]] | ||
In women:<ref name="pmid12050248">{{cite journal| author=Miller KK, Biller BM, Hier J, Arena E, Klibanski A| title=Androgens and bone density in women with hypopituitarism. | journal=J Clin Endocrinol Metab | year= 2002 | volume= 87 | issue= 6 | pages= 2770-6 | pmid=12050248 | doi=10.1210/jcem.87.6.8557 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12050248 }}</ref> | In women:<ref name="pmid12050248">{{cite journal| author=Miller KK, Biller BM, Hier J, Arena E, Klibanski A| title=Androgens and bone density in women with hypopituitarism. | journal=J Clin Endocrinol Metab | year= 2002 | volume= 87 | issue= 6 | pages= 2770-6 | pmid=12050248 | doi=10.1210/jcem.87.6.8557 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12050248 }}</ref> | ||
* Amenorrhea | * [[Amenorrhea]] | ||
* Oligomenorrhea | * [[Oligomenorrhea]] | ||
* Dyspareunia | * [[Dyspareunia (patient information)|Dyspareunia]] | ||
* Loss of libido | * [[Loss of libido]] | ||
* Infertility | * [[Infertility]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) | |[[Thyroid-stimulating hormone|Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)]] | ||
| | | | ||
* Constipation | * [[Constipation]] | ||
* Cold intolerance | * Cold intolerance | ||
* Weight gain | * [[Weight gain]] | ||
* Dry skin | * [[Dry skin]] | ||
* Hoarseness | * [[Hoarseness]] | ||
* Edema Depression | * [[Edema]] | ||
* Menorrhagia | * [[Depression]] | ||
* Arthralgia | * [[Menorrhagia]] | ||
* Psychomotor retardation | * [[Arthralgia]] | ||
* [[Psychomotor retardation]] | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Prolactin | |[[Prolactin]] | ||
| | | | ||
* Postpartum lactation failure | * [[Postpartum]] [[lactation]] failure | ||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan="2" |'''Posterior pituitary''' | | rowspan="2" |'''Posterior pituitary''' | ||
|Oxytocin | |[[Oxytocin]] | ||
| | | | ||
* Muscle aches | * [[Muscle aches]] | ||
* Sleep disturbance | * [[Sleep disturbance]] | ||
* Anxiety | * [[Anxiety]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Anti Diuretic Hormone (ADH | |[[Antidiuretic hormone|Anti Diuretic Hormone (ADH)]] | ||
| | | | ||
* Polyuria | * [[Polyuria]] | ||
* Polydipsia | * [[Polydipsia]] | ||
* Nocturia | * [[Nocturia]] | ||
|} | |} | ||
Revision as of 15:09, 7 September 2017
Hypopituitarism Microchapters |
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Hypopituitarism history and symptoms On the Web |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Hypopituitarism history and symptoms |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Elsaiey, MBBCH [2], Iqra Qamar M.D.[3]
Overview
A positive history of head trauma or any mass adenoma) or a lesion ( such as a sellar lesion) or any symptom related to pituitary hormonal deficiency is suggestive of hypopituitarism. Patients of hypopituitarism may be asymptomatic or show symptoms which can be nonspecific or specific for the deficient hormone.
History
A positive history of head trauma or any mass (adenoma) or a lesion ( such as a sellar lesion) or any symptom related to pituitary hormonal deficiency is suggestive of hypopituitarism.
Symptoms
Patients of hypopituitarism may be asymptomatic or show symptoms which can be nonspecific or specific for the deficient hormone.[1]
Non-specific symptoms
Patients of hypopituitarism may present with the following symptoms:
Acute hypopituitarism | Chronic hypopituitarism |
---|---|
|
Symptoms of deficient hormones
In hypopituitarism, either one of the pituitary gland hormones is decreased or the whole hormones are decreased in case of panhypopituitarism. In this table, each hormone deficiency symptoms are listed.[2]
Pituitary gland | Hormone | Symptoms of deficiency |
---|---|---|
Anterior pituitary | Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone (ACTH) | The most critical hormonal deficient in hypopituitarism.[3][4] |
Growth Hormone (GH) |
| |
Gonadotropin hormones: | In men:
In women:[6] | |
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) |
| |
Prolactin |
| |
Posterior pituitary | Oxytocin | |
Anti Diuretic Hormone (ADH) |
References
- ↑ Ascoli, Paola; Cavagnini, Francesco (2006). "Hypopituitarism". Pituitary. 9 (4): 335–342. doi:10.1007/s11102-006-0416-5. ISSN 1386-341X.
- ↑ Fleseriu, Maria; Hashim, Ibrahim A.; Karavitaki, Niki; Melmed, Shlomo; Murad, M. Hassan; Salvatori, Roberto; Samuels, Mary H. (2016). "Hormonal Replacement in Hypopituitarism in Adults: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline". The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 101 (11): 3888–3921. doi:10.1210/jc.2016-2118. ISSN 0021-972X.
- ↑ Burke, C.W. (1985). "Adrenocortical insufficiency". Clinics in Endocrinology and Metabolism. 14 (4): 947–976. doi:10.1016/S0300-595X(85)80084-0. ISSN 0300-595X.
- ↑ Bancos I, Hahner S, Tomlinson J, Arlt W (2015). "Diagnosis and management of adrenal insufficiency". Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 3 (3): 216–26. doi:10.1016/S2213-8587(14)70142-1. PMID 25098712.
- ↑ Murray RD, Columb B, Adams JE, Shalet SM (2004). "Low bone mass is an infrequent feature of the adult growth hormone deficiency syndrome in middle-age adults and the elderly". J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 89 (3): 1124–30. doi:10.1210/jc.2003-030685. PMID 15001597.
- ↑ Miller KK, Biller BM, Hier J, Arena E, Klibanski A (2002). "Androgens and bone density in women with hypopituitarism". J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 87 (6): 2770–6. doi:10.1210/jcem.87.6.8557. PMID 12050248.