Unconsciousness: Difference between revisions

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__NOTOC__
{{SI}}
{{SI}}
{{CMG}}
{{CMG}}


{{SK}} LOC: non responsive; unresponsive; non-responsive; non-responsiveness; unresponsiveness; lack of responsiveness
{{SK}} LOC: non responsive; unresponsive; non-responsive; non-responsiveness; unresponsiveness; lack of responsiveness; lack of response; reduced alertness; disturbance of consciousness; decreased level of consciousness; decreased LOC; decreased consciousness; partial loss of consciousness; loss of consciousness; lack of consciousness


==Overview==
==Overview==
'''Unconsciousness''', more appropriately referred to as loss of [[consciousness]] or lack of consciousness, is a dramatic alteration of mental state that involves complete or near-complete lack of responsiveness to people and other environmental stimuli.
'''Unconsciousness''' is a dramatic alteration of mental state that involves complete or near-complete lack of responsiveness to people and other environmental stimuli.  A transient LOC followed by rapid recovery is referred to as [[syncope]].


==Causes==
==Causes==
===Common Causes===
*[[Alcohol]]
*[[Alcohol]]
*[[Brownout (medical)|Brownout]] or greyout, a partial loss of consciousness
*[[Brownout (medical)|Brownout]] or [[greyout]], a [[partial loss of consciousness]]
*[[Cardiac arrest]]
*[[Cardiac arrest]]
*[[Coma]]
*[[Coma]]
Line 16: Line 18:
*[[Hypnotic drugs]]
*[[Hypnotic drugs]]
*[[Sedatives]]
*[[Sedatives]]
*[[Shallow water blackout]]
*[[Stroke]]
*[[Stroke]]
*[[Syncope]]
*[[Syncope]]
*[[Traumatic brain injury]]
*[[Traumatic brain injury]]
*[[Viral meningitis]]


Acute  Chemical poisoning -- Varnish makers' and painters' Naptha
===Causes by Organ System===
{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | [[Cardiac arrest]], [[Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula]], [[Shock]], [[Syncope]], [[Ventricular fibrillation]], [[Fat embolism]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Chemical / poisoning'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[1,1-Dichloroethene]], [[1,4-Dioxane]], [[2,4-Dinitrotoluene]], [[2-Methyl-4-Chlorophenoxyacetic Acid]], [[Acetone]], [[Acetophenone]], [[Acute varnish makers' and painters' Naptha]], [[Allyl alcohol]], [[Allyl chloride]], [[Allyl trichloride]], [[Aluminum phosphide]], [[Amidithion]], [[Amiton]], [[Aniline]], [[Antifreeze]], [[Athyl-Gusathion]], [[Azinophos-methyl]], [[Azinfos-ethyl]], [[Azinphosmetile]], [[Azothoate]], [[Benoxafos]], [[Bromophos]], [[Cadusafos]], [[Cannabinoids]], [[Carbon monoxide]], [[Carbon tetrachloride]], [[Carbophenothion]], [[Chlorfenvinphos]], [[Chlorobenzene]], [[Chloropyrifos]], [[Chlorpyrifos methyl]], [[Claviceps purpurea]], [[Cone shell ]], [[Cyanides]], [[Cyanthoate]], [[Cyclohexanone]], [[Demeton]], [[Demeton-methyl]], [[Demeton-O]], [[Demeton-O-methyl]], [[Demeton-S-methyl]], [[Demeton-S-methylsulphon]], [[Dialifos]], [[Diazinon]], [[Dichlorvos]], [[Dicrotophos]], [[Diethylene glycol]], [[Dimethoate]], [[Dimethyl phthalate]], [[Dioxathion]], [[Disulfoton]], [[Earthball]], [[Endosulfan]], [[Endothion]], [[Ethinamate]], [[Ethion]], [[Ethoate-methyl]], [[Ethoprophos]], [[Ethyl mercaptan]], [[Ethylbenzene]], [[Ethyl-guthion]], [[Etrimfos]], [[Fenchlorphos]], [[Fenitrothion]], [[Fensulfothion]], [[Fenthion]], [[Fonophos]], [[Formothion]], [[Guthion-ethyl]], [[Heptenophos]], [[High melting explosive ]], [[Insect allergy]], [[Iodofenphos]], [[Jet Fuel-4]], [[Jet Fuel-8]], [[Malathion]], [[Mecarbam]], [[Methacrifos]], [[Methamidophos]], [[Methane]], [[Methidathion]], [[Methiocarb]], [[Methomyl]], [[Methyl ethyl ketone]], [[Methyl mercaptan]], [[Methyl parathion]], [[Methyl tert-butyl ether]], [[Methylene Chloride]], [[Metiltriazotion]], [[Mevinphos]], [[Monocrotophos]], [[N,N-Dimethyl-P-Toluidine]], [[Naphthalene]], [[Nitroethane]], [[Nitromethane]], [[Nitrophenol]], [[Nitrophenol Urea]], [[Omethoate]], [[Oxydeprofos]], [[Oxydisulfoton]], [[Parathion]], [[Parathion Methyl]], [[Pentaborane]], [[Pentachlorophenol]], [[Phenkapton]], [[Phorate]], [[Phosalone]], [[Phosdrin]], [[Phosmet]], [[Phosphamidon]], [[Phosphine]], [[Phoxim]], [[Pine oil]], [[Pirimiphos-methyl]], [[Primiphos methyl]], [[Profenofos]], [[Propylene glycol dinitrate]], [[Prothidathion]], [[Prothoate]], [[Pyridine]], [[Pyrimitate]], [[Quinalphos]], [[Quintiofos]], [[RDX]], [[Selenium]], [[Sodium azide]], [[Sodium hypochlorite]], [[Sophamide]], [[Stoddard solvent]], [[Sulfotep]], [[Terbufos]], [[Tetrachloroethylene]], [[Tetraethyl Pyrophosphate]], [[Tetrahydrocannabinol]], [[Tetrahydrofuran]], [[Thiometon]], [[Tolclofos methyl]], [[Toluene]], [[Triazophos]], [[Triazotion]], [[Trichlorfon]], [[Trichloroethane]], [[Triclofos]], [[Trifenfos]], [[Vamidothion]], [[Vinyl Choride]], [[Water hemlock poisoning]], [[Xylene]], [[Zinc Phosphide]], [[Iron compounds]], [[Organophosphorous compounds]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dermatologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Atropine]], [[Baclofen]], [[Buprenorphine]], [[Buspirone]], [[Chlophedianol]], [[Chloral hydrate]], [[Chlorpheniramine]], [[Chlorpromazine]], [[Cinnarizine]], [[Clomipramine]], [[Clonazepam]], [[Clotiapine]], [[Cocaine]], [[Codeine]], [[Cyclobenzaprine]], [[Cycloserine]], [[Dantrolene]], [[Demerol ]], [[Demethyldiazepam]], [[Deserpidine]], [[Desipramine]], [[Diamorphine]], [[Diazepam]], [[Dichloralphenazone]], [[Diphenhydramine]], [[Diphenidol]], [[Dothiepin]], [[Doxepin ]], [[Efavirenz]], [[Eszopiclone]], [[Ethchlorvynol]], [[ferumoxytol]], [[Flurazepam ]], [[Fluridrazepam]], [[Gabapentin]], [[Gamma hydroxybutyrate]], [[Ganaxolone]], [[General anaesthesia]], [[Glutethimide]], [[Haloperidol]], [[Hydrazine]], [[Hydroxyzine]], [[Imipramine]], [[Inhalational anaesthetics]], [[Iron compounds]], [[Levetiracetam]], [[Levomepromazine]], [[Lidocaine]], [[Local anaesthetia]], [[Lofexidine]], [[Lorazepam]], [[Medazepam]], [[Melatonin]], [[Mephenoxalone]], [[Meprobamate]], [[Methadone]], [[Methaqualone]], [[Methyldopa]], [[Methyprylon]], [[Metoclopramide]], [[Mianserin]], [[Midazolam]], [[Mirtazapine]], [[Morphine]], [[Nabilone]], [[Nitrazepam]], [[Nitrous oxide]], [[Nortriptyline]], [[Novacaine]], [[Olanzapine]], [[Oprelvekin]], [[Oxazepam]], [[Penicillin]], [[Perazine]], [[Phencyclidine]], [[Phenelzine]], [[Phenobarbital]], [[Pipothiazine]], [[Pizotifen]], [[Pramipexole]], [[Prazepam]], [[Pregabalin]], [[Primidone]], [[Prochlorperazine]], [[Propiomazine]], [[Propofol]], [[Protriptyline]], [[Quetiapine]], [[Ramelteon]], [[Reserpine]], [[Ritalin]], [[Sulfa antibiotics]], [[Temazepam]], [[Thiopentone]], [[Tizanidine]], [[Topiramate]], [[Tricyclic antidepressants]], [[Trifluperidol]], [[Trimipramine]], [[Ultram ]], [[Vigabatrin]], [[Zaleplon]], [[Ziconotide]], [[Zolpidem]], [[Zopiclone]], [[Amitriptyline]], [[Amoxapine]], [[Antipsychotic agents]], [[Barbiturates]], [[Benzodiazepines]], [[Bromazepam]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ear Nose Throat'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Endocrine'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Diabetic ketoacidosis]], [[Hyperosmolar non-ketotic diabetic coma]], [[Hypothyroidism]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Environmental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Heat stroke]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Hepatic failure]], [[Variceal Bleeding ]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Genetic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Hereditary fructose-1-phosphate aldolase deficiency]], [[Fumarase deficiency]], [[Long chain hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency]], [[Mitochondrial acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase deficiency]], [[Unverricht-Lundborg disease]], [[Progressive myoclonus epilepsy]], [[Carbamoylphosphate synthetase 1 deficiency ]], [[Carnitine deficiency ]], [[Carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase deficiency]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Hematologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Anemia]], [[Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Iatrogenic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Ureterosigmoidostomy]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Infectious Disease'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Malaria]], [[Viral meningitis]], [[Rabies]], [[Sleeping sickness ]], [[Intracranial abscess]], [[Meningoencephalitis]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Musculoskeletal / Ortho'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Neurologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis]], [[Alcohol withdrawal syndrome]], [[Anencephaly]], [[Brain death]], [[Cataplexy]], [[Epidural haemorrhage]], [[Fits]], [[Focal seizures]], [[Intracranial abscess]], [[Intracranial granuloma]], [[Intracranial haemorrhage]], [[Meningoencephalitis]], [[Partial seizure]], [[Pituitary apoplexy]], [[Progressive myoclonus epilepsy]], [[Raised intracranial pressure]], [[Secondarily generalized seizure]], [[Subarachnoid haemorrhage]], [[Subdural haemorrhage]], [[Syncope]], [[Unverricht-Lundborg disease]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Nutritional / Metabolic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Arginosuccinic aciduria]], [[Carbamoylphosphate synthetase 1 deficiency ]], [[Carnitine deficiency ]], [[Carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase deficiency]], [[Hypermagnesaemia]], [[Hypoglycemia]], [[Thiamine deficiency]], [[Diabetic ketoacidosis]], [[Hyperosmolar non-ketotic diabetic coma]], [[Hereditary fructose-1-phosphate aldolase deficiency]], [[Fumarase deficiency]], [[Long chain hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency]], [[Mitochondrial acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase deficiency]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Oncologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Opthalmologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Overdose / Toxicity'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Amitriptyline]], [[Amoxapine]], [[Antipsychotic agents]], [[Barbiturates]], [[Benzodiazepines]], [[Bromazepam]], [[Bupivacaine]], [[Tetrahydrocannabinol]], [[Buprenorphine]], [[Buspirone]], [[Chlophedianol]], [[Chloral hydrate]], [[Chlorpheniramine]], [[Chlorpromazine]], [[Cinnarizine]], [[Clomipramine]], [[Clonazepam]], [[Clotiapine]], [[Cocaine]], [[Codeine]], [[Cyclobenzaprine]], [[Cycloserine]], [[Dantrolene]], [[Demerol ]], [[Demethyldiazepam]], [[Deserpidine]], ,[[Desipramine]] ,[[Diamorphine]] ,[[Diazepam]] ,[[Dichloralphenazone]], [[Diphenhydramine]], [[Diphenidol]], [[Dothiepin]], [[Doxepin ]], [[Efavirenz]], [[Eszopiclone]], [[Ethchlorvynol]] ,[[Flurazepam ]], [[Fluridrazepam]], [[Gabapentin]], [[Gamma hydroxybutyrate]], [[Ganaxolone]], [[General anaesthesia]], [[Glutethimide]], [[Haloperidol]], [[Hydrazine]], [[Hydroxyzine]], [[Imipramine]], [[Inhalational anaesthetics]], [[Iron compounds]], [[Levetiracetam]], [[Levomepromazine]], [[Lidocaine]], [[Local anaesthetia]], [[Lofexidine]], [[Lorazepam]], [[Medazepam]], [[Melatonin]], [[Mephenoxalone]], [[Meprobamate]], [[Methadone]], [[Methaqualone]], [[Methyldopa]], [[Methyprylon]], [[Metoclopramide]], [[Mianserin]], [[Midazolam]], [[Mirtazapine]], [[Morphine]], [[Nabilone]], [[Nitrazepam]], [[Nitrous oxide]], [[Nortriptyline]], [[Novacaine]], [[Olanzapine]], [[Oxazepam]], [[Penicillin]], [[Perazine]], [[Phencyclidine]], [[Phenelzine]], [[Phenobarbital]], [[Pipothiazine]], [[Pizotifen]], [[Pramipexole]], [[Prazepam]], [[Pregabalin]], [[Primidone]], [[Prochlorperazine]], [[Propiomazine]], [[Propofol]], [[Protriptyline]], [[Quetiapine]], [[Ramelteon]], [[Reserpine]], [[Ritalin]], [[Sulfa antibiotics]], [[Temazepam]], [[Thiopentone]], [[Tizanidine]], [[Topiramate]], [[Tricyclic antidepressants]], [[Trifluperidol]], [[Trimipramine]], [[Ultram ]], [[Vigabatrin]], [[Zaleplon]], [[Ziconotide]], [[Zolpidem]], [[Zopiclone]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Psychiatric'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Pulmonary'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Airway obstruction]], [[Anoxia]], [[Asphyxiation]], [[Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Renal / Electrolyte'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Chronic renal failure]], [[Acute renal failure]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Rheum / Immune / Allergy'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Sexual'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Trauma'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Acute spinal cord injury]], [[Concussion]], [[Electric shock]], [[Fat embolism]], [[Firearm Injury]], [[Mild Traumatic Brain Injury]], [[Near-drowning]], [[Skull fracture]], [[Epidural haemorrhage]], [[Subdural haemorrhage]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Urologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Miscellaneous'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Acute altitude sickness]], [[Decompression sickness]], [[Hyperbaric sickness]], [[Hypothermia]], [[Narcolepsy]], [[Heat stroke]], [[Alcohol withdrawal syndrome]]
|-
|}


Acute  hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis
===Causes in Alphabetical Order===


Acute kidney failure  
{{MultiCol}}
*[[1,1-Dichloroethene]]
*[[1,4-Dioxane]]
*[[2,4-Dinitrotoluene]]
*[[2-Methyl-4-Chlorophenoxyacetic Acid]]
*[[Acetone]]
*[[Acetophenone]]
*[[Acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis]]
*[[Acute spinal cord injury]]
*[[Acute varnish makers' and painters' Naptha]]
*[[Airway obstruction]]
*[[Alcohol withdrawal syndrome]]
*[[Allyl alcohol]]
*[[Allyl chloride]]
*[[Allyl trichloride]]
*[[Acute altitude sickness]]
*[[Aluminum phosphide]]
*[[Amidithion]]
*[[Amiton]]
*[[Amitriptyline]]
*[[Amoxapine]]
*[[Anemia]]
*[[Anencephaly]]
*[[Aniline]]
*[[Anoxia]]
*[[Antifreeze]]
*[[Antipsychotic agents]]
*[[Arginosuccinic aciduria]]
*[[Asphyxiation]]
*[[Athyl-Gusathion]]
*[[Atropine]]
*[[Azinophos-methyl]]
*[[Azinfos-ethyl]]
*[[Azinphosmetile]]
*[[Azothoate]]
*[[Baclofen]]
*[[Barbiturates]]
*[[Benoxafos]]
*[[Benzodiazepines]]
*[[Brain death]]
*[[Bromazepam]]
*[[Bromophos]]
*[[Bupivacaine]]
*[[Buprenorphine]]
*[[Buspirone]]
*[[Cadusafos]]
*[[Cannabinoids]]
*[[Carbamoylphosphate synthetase 1 deficiency ]]
*[[Carbon monoxide]]
*[[Carbon tetrachloride]]
*[[Carbophenothion]]
*[[Cardiac arrest]]
*[[Carnitine deficiency ]]
*[[Carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase deficiency]]
*[[Cataplexy]]
*[[Chlophedianol]]
*[[Chloral hydrate]]
*[[Chlorfenvinphos]]
*[[Chlorobenzene]]
*[[Chloropyrifos]]
*[[Chlorpheniramine]]
*[[Chlorpromazine]]
*[[Chlorpyrifos methyl]]
*[[Chronic renal failure]]
*[[Cinnarizine]]
*[[Claviceps purpurea]]
*[[Clomipramine]]
*[[Clonazepam]]
*[[Clotiapine]]
*[[Cocaine]]
*[[Codeine]]
*[[Concussion]]
*[[Cone shell ]]
*[[Cyanides]]
*[[Cyanthoate]]
*[[Cyclobenzaprine]]
*[[Cyclohexanone]]
*[[Cycloserine]]
*[[Dantrolene]]
*[[Decompression sickness]]
*[[Demerol ]]
*[[Demethyldiazepam]]
*[[Demeton]]
*[[Demeton-methyl]]
*[[Demeton-O]]
*[[Demeton-O-methyl]]
*[[Demeton-S-methyl]]
*[[Demeton-S-methylsulphon]]
*[[Deserpidine]]
*[[Desipramine]]
*[[Diabetic ketoacidosis]]
*[[Dialifos]]
*[[Diamorphine]]
*[[Diazepam]]
*[[Diazinon]]
*[[Dichloralphenazone]]
*[[Dichlorvos]]
*[[Dicrotophos]]
*[[Diethylene glycol]]
*[[Dimethoate]]
*[[Dimethyl phthalate]]
*[[Dioxathion]]
*[[Diphenhydramine]]
*[[Diphenidol]]
*[[Disulfoton]]
*[[Dothiepin]]
*[[Doxepin ]]
*[[Earthball]]
*[[Efavirenz]]
*[[Electric shock]]
{{ColBreak}}
*[[Endosulfan]]
*[[Endothion]]
*[[Epidural haemorrhage]]
*[[Eszopiclone]]
*[[Ethchlorvynol]]
*[[Ethinamate]]
*[[Ethion]]
*[[Ethoate-methyl]]
*[[Ethoprophos]]
*[[Ethyl mercaptan]]
*[[Ethylbenzene]]
*[[Ethyl-guthion]]
*[[Etrimfos]]
*[[Fat embolism]]
*[[Fenchlorphos]]
*[[Fenitrothion]]
*[[Fensulfothion]]
*[[Fenthion]]
*[[Ferumoxytol]]
*[[Firearm Injury]]
*[[Fits]]
*[[Flurazepam ]]
*[[Fluridrazepam]]
*[[Focal seizures]]
*[[Fonophos]]
*[[Formothion]]
*[[Hereditary fructose-1-phosphate aldolase deficiency]]
*[[Fumarase deficiency]]
*[[Gabapentin]]
*[[Gamma hydroxybutyrate]]
*[[Ganaxolone]]
*[[General anaesthesia]]
*[[Glutethimide]]
*[[Guthion-ethyl]]
*[[Haloperidol]]
*[[Heat stroke]]
*[[Hepatic failure]]
*[[Heptenophos]]
*[[High melting explosive ]]
*[[Hydrazine]]
*[[Hydroxyzine]]
*[[Hyperbaric sickness]]
*[[Hypermagnesaemia]]
*[[Hyperosmolar non-ketotic diabetic coma]]
*[[Hypoglycemia]]
*[[Hypothermia]]
*[[Hypothyroidism]]
*[[Imipramine]]
*[[Inhalational anaesthetics]]
*[[Insect allergy]]
*[[Intracranial abscess]]
*[[Intracranial granuloma]]
*[[Intracranial haemorrhage]]
*[[Iodofenphos]]
*[[Iron compounds]]
*[[Jet Fuel-4]]
*[[Jet Fuel-8]]
*[[Levetiracetam]]
*[[Levomepromazine]]
*[[Lidocaine]]
*[[Local anaesthetia]]
*[[Lofexidine]]
*[[Long chain hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency]]
*[[Lorazepam]]
*[[Malaria]]
*[[Malathion]]
*[[Mecarbam]]
*[[Medazepam]]
*[[Melatonin]]
*[[Meningoencephalitis]]
*[[Mephenoxalone]]
*[[Meprobamate]]
*[[Methacrifos]]
*[[Methadone]]
*[[Methamidophos]]
*[[Methane]]
*[[Methaqualone]]
*[[Methidathion]]
*[[Methiocarb]]
*[[Methomyl]]
*[[Methyl ethyl ketone]]
*[[Methyl mercaptan]]
*[[Methyl parathion]]
*[[Methyl tert-butyl ether]]
*[[Methyldopa]]
*[[Methylene Chloride]]
*[[Methyprylon]]
*[[Metiltriazotion]]
*[[Metoclopramide]]
*[[Mevinphos]]
*[[Mianserin]]
*[[Midazolam]]
*[[Mild Traumatic Brain Injury]]
*[[Mirtazapine]]
*[[Mitochondrial acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase deficiency]]
*[[Monocrotophos]]
*[[Morphine]]
*[[N,N-Dimethyl-P-Toluidine]]
*[[Nabilone]]
*[[Naphthalene]]
*[[Narcolepsy]]
*[[Near-drowning]]
*[[Nitrazepam]]
*[[Nitroethane]]
*[[Nitromethane]]
*[[Nitrophenol]]
*[[Nitrophenol Urea]]
*[[Nitrous oxide]]
*[[Nortriptyline]]
{{ColBreak}}
*[[Novacaine]]
*[[Olanzapine]]
*[[Omethoate]]
*[[Oprelvekin]]
*[[Oxazepam]]
*[[Oxydeprofos]]
*[[Oxydisulfoton]]
*[[Parathion]]
*[[Parathion Methyl]]
*[[Partial seizure]]
*[[Penicillin]]
*[[Pentaborane]]
*[[Pentachlorophenol]]
*[[Perazine]]
*[[Phencyclidine]]
*[[Phenelzine]]
*[[Phenkapton]]
*[[Phenobarbital]]
*[[Phorate]]
*[[Phosalone]]
*[[Phosdrin]]
*[[Phosmet]]
*[[Phosphamidon]]
*[[Phosphine]]
*[[Phoxim]]
*[[Pine oil]]
*[[Pipothiazine]]
*[[Pirimiphos-methyl]]
*[[Pituitary apoplexy]]
*[[Pizotifen]]
*[[Pramipexole]]
*[[Prazepam]]
*[[Pregabalin]]
*[[Primidone]]
*[[Primiphos methyl]]
*[[Prochlorperazine]]
*[[Profenofos]]
*[[Progressive myoclonus epilepsy]]
*[[Propiomazine]]
*[[Propofol]]
*[[Propylene glycol dinitrate]]
*[[Prothidathion]]
*[[Prothoate]]
*[[Protriptyline]]
*[[Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula]]
*[[Pyridine]]
*[[Pyrimitate]]
*[[Quetiapine]]
*[[Quinalphos]]
*[[Quintiofos]]
*[[Rabies]]
*[[Raised intracranial pressure]]
*[[Ramelteon]]
*[[RDX]]
*[[Acute renal failure]]
*[[Reserpine]]
*[[Ritalin]]
*[[Secondarily generalized seizure]]
*[[Selenium]]
*[[Shock]]
*[[Skull fracture]]
*[[Sleeping sickness ]]
*[[Sodium azide]]
*[[Sodium hypochlorite]]
*[[Sophamide]]
*[[Stoddard solvent]]
*[[Subarachnoid haemorrhage]]
*[[Subdural haemorrhage]]
*[[Sulfa antibiotics]]
*[[Sulfotep]]
*[[Syncope]]
*[[Temazepam]]
*[[Terbufos]]
*[[Tetrachloroethylene]]
*[[Tetraethyl Pyrophosphate]]
*[[Tetrahydrocannabinol]]
*[[Tetrahydrofuran]]
*[[Thiamine deficiency]]
*[[Thiometon]]
*[[Thiopentone]]
*[[Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura]]
*[[Tizanidine]]
*[[Tolclofos methyl]]
*[[Toluene]]
*[[Topiramate]]
*[[Triazophos]]
*[[Triazotion]]
*[[Trichlorfon]]
*[[Trichloroethane]]
*[[Triclofos]]
*[[Tricyclic antidepressants]]
*[[Trifenfos]]
*[[Trifluperidol]]
*[[Trimipramine]]
*[[Ultram ]]
*[[Unverricht-Lundborg disease]]
*[[Ureterosigmoidostomy]]
*[[Vamidothion]]
*[[Variceal Bleeding ]]
*[[Ventricular fibrillation]]
*[[Vigabatrin]]
*[[Vinyl Choride]]
*[[Water hemlock poisoning]]
*[[Xylene]]
*[[Zaleplon]]
*[[Ziconotide]]
*[[Zinc Phosphide]]
*[[Zolpidem]]
*[[Zopiclone]]
{{EndMultiCol}}


Acute  Pesticide poisoning -- xylene
==Differentiating Loss of Consciousness from other Diseases==
 
*Loss of consciousness should ''not'' be confused with the notion of the psychoanalytic [[Unconscious mind|unconscious]] or cognitive processes (e.g., implicit cognition) that take place outside of [[awareness]]. Loss of consciousness must '''not''' be confused with [[altered states of consciousness]], such as [[delirium]] (when the person is [[confused]] and only partially responsive to the environment), normal [[sleep]], [[hypnosis]], and other altered states in which the person responds to stimuli.
Advanced  circadian rhythm disorder - reduced alertness
 
Airway  Obstruction
 
Alcohol  withdrawal syndrome
 
Alcohol-Induced  Disorders
 
Alcoholic  intoxication
 
Alcoholism -  unconsciousness
 
Altitude  sickness, acute
 
Ambien  overdose
 
Amitriptyline
 
Amitriptyline  toxicity
 
Amoxapine  toxicity
 
Anemia
 
Anencephaly -  unconsciousness
 
Anoxia -  unconsciousness
 
Antihypertensive  drug allergy
 
Antipsychotic agents
 
Apallic  syndrome - unresponsive
 
Arginosuccinic  aciduria
 
Asphyxiation
 
Aspirin
 
Atropine
 
Azotemia,  familial - reduced alertness
 
Baclofen
 
Baltic  myoclonic epilepsy
 
Barbiturates
 
Benzodiazepines
 
Bickerstaff's  brainstem encephalitis - disturbance of consciousness
 
Bickerstaff's  brainstem encephalitis (BBE) - disturbance of consciousness
 
Brain  death
 
Bromazepam
 
Bupivacaine
 
Buprenorphine
 
Buspirone
 
Cannabinoids
 
Carbamoylphosphate  synthetase 1 deficiency disease
 
Carbon  monoxide toxicity
 
Carbon  tetrachloride
 
Cardiac arrest
 
Carnitine  deficiency (systemic)
 
Carnitine-acylcarnitine  translocase deficiency
 
Cataplexy
 
Chemical  poisoning
 
Chemical  poisoning -- 1,1-Dichloroethene
 
Chemical  poisoning -- 1,3-Dinitrobenzene
 
Chemical  poisoning -- 1,4-Dioxane
 
Chemical  poisoning -- 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene
 
Chemical  poisoning -- 2,4-Dinitrotoluene
 
Chemical  poisoning -- 2-Methyl-4-Chlorophenoxyacetic Acid
 
Chemical  poisoning -- 4,4-Methylenebis
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Acetone
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Acetophenone
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Allyl alcohol
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Allyl chloride
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Allyl trichloride
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Aluminum Phosphide
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Amidithion
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Amiton
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Aniline
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Anisidine (o,p-Isomers)  
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Antifreeze
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Athyl-Gusathion
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Azinfos-methyl
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Azinfosethyl
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Azinophos-methyl
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Azinphos
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Azinphos-ethyl
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Azinphos-methyl
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Azinphosmetile
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Azothoate
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Benoxafos
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Bromophos
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Bromophos-ethyl
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Cadusafos
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Camphor
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Carbophenothion
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Chlorfenvinphos
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Chlorobenzene
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Chloroform
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Chloropyrifos
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Chlorpyrifos methyl
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Cyanthoate
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Cyclohexanone
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Demeton
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Demeton-methyl
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Demeton-O
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Demeton-O-methyl
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Demeton-S-methyl
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Demeton-S-methylsulphon
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Dialifos
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Diazinon
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Dibromochloromethane
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Dichlorvos
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Dicrotophos
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Diethylene Glycol
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Diethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Dimethoate
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Dimethyl Phthalate
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Dioxathion
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Disulfoton
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Endosulfan
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Endothion
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Ether
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Ethion
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Ethoate-methyl
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Ethoprophos
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Ethyl Mercaptan
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Ethyl-guthion
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Ethylbenzene
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Ethylene Dichloride
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Etrimfos
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Fenchlorphos
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Fenitrothion
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Fensulfothion
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Fenthion
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Fonophos
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Formothion
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Guthion (ethyl)
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Heptenophos
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Hexane
 
Chemical  poisoning -- High Melting Explosive (HMX)
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Hydrazine
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Hydrogen Sulfide
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Iodofenphos
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Isopropyl Alcohol
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Jet Fuel-4
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Jet Fuel-8
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Jewelry cleaner
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Lacquer
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Lighter fluid
 
Chemical  poisoning -- m-Anisidine
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Malathion
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Mecarbam
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Metal cleaner
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Metal polish
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Methacrifos
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Methamidophos
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Methane
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Methidathion
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Methiocarb
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Methomyl
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Methyl Ethyl Ketone
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Methyl Mercaptan
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Methyl parathion
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Methyl Tert-Butyl Ether
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Methylene Chloride
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Metiltriazotion
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Mevinphos
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Monocrotophos
 
Chemical  poisoning -- N,N-Dimethyl-P-Toluidine
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Naphthalene
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Nitroethane
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Nitromethane
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Nitrophenol
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Nitrophenol Urea
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Nitrous Oxide
 
Chemical  poisoning -- o-Anisidine
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Oil-based paint
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Omethoate
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Oxydeprofos
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Oxydisulfoton
 
Chemical  poisoning -- p-Anisidine
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Parathion
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Parathion Methyl
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Pentaborane
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Pentachlorophenol
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Phenkapton
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Phorate
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Phosalone
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Phosdrin
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Phosmet
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Phosphamidon
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Phosphine
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Phoxim
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Pine Oil
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Pirimiphos-methyl
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Primiphos methyl
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Profenofos
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Propoxur
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Propylene Glycol Dinitrate
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Prothidathion
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Prothoate
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Pyridine
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Pyrimitate
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Quinalphos
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Quintiofos
 
Chemical  poisoning -- RDX
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Sodium Azide
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Sodium Hypochlorite
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Sophamide
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Stoddard Solvent
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Sulfotep
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Terbufos
 
Chemical poisoning -- Tetrachloroethylene
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Tetraethyl Pyrophosphate
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Tetrahydrofuran
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Thiometon
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Tolclofos methyl
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Triazophos
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Triazotion
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Trichlorfon
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Trichloroethane
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Trifenfos
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Vamidothion
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Vinyl Choride
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Window cleaner
 
Chemical  poisoning -- Zinc Phosphide
 
Chlophedianol
 
Chloral  hydrate
 
Chlorpheniramine
 
Chlorpromazine
 
Cinnarizine
 
Cirrhosis of the  liver - unresponsiveness
 
Claviceps  purpurea poisoning
 
Clomipramine  Toxicity
 
Clonazepam
 
Clotiapine
 
Cocaine
 
Cocaine  overdose
 
Codeine
 
Concussion -  unconsciousness
 
Cone  shell poisoning
 
Cyanides
 
Cyclobenzaprine
 
Cycloserine
 
Dantrolene
 
Decompression  sickness
 
Decreased  level of consciousness - reduced alertness
 
Decreased LOC -  reduced alertness
 
Demerol  overdose
 
Demethyldiazepam
 
Deserpidine
 
Desipramine
 
Desipramine  toxicity
 
Diabetic hypoglycemic attack
 
Diabetic  ketoacidosis
 
Diamorphine
 
Diazepam
 
Dichloralphenazone
 
Dilaudid  overdose
 
Diphenhydramine
 
Diphenidol
 
Dothiepin
 
Doxepin  toxicity
 
Drug  Allergies
 
Drug overdose
 
Earthball  poisoning
 
Efavirenz
 
Electric  shock
 
Electrical  burns
 
Encephalitis - poor  responsiveness
 
Epidural  haemorrhage
 
Eszopiclone
 
Ethchlorvynol
 
Ethinamate
 
Fainting
 
Fat embolism
 
Febrile convulsions
 
Firearm  Injury
 
Fits
 
Flurazepam
 
Fluridrazepam
 
Focal seizure -  unconsciousness
 
Focal  seizures
 
Fructose-1-phosphate  aldolase deficiency, hereditary
 
Fumarase  deficiency
 
Gabapentin
 
Gamma  hydroxybutyrate
 
Ganaxolone
 
General anaesthesia
 
Glutethimide
 
Grand mal  seizure
 
Haloperidol
 
Heat stroke -  unconsciousness
 
Hepatic failure
 
Hydrocodone  overdose
 
Hydroxyzine
 
Hyperbaric  sickness
 
Hypermagnesaemia
 
Hyperosmolar  non-ketotic diabetic coma
 
Hypoglycaemia
 
Hypothermia
 
Hypothyroidism
 
Imipramine  toxicity
 
Inhalational  anaesthetics
 
Insect  allergy
 
Intracranial  abscess / granuloma
 
Intracranial  Embolism
 
Intracranial  haemorrhage
 
Intracranial  Hemorrhages
 
Iron compounds
 
Lead  poisoning
 
Levetiracetam
 
Levomepromazine
 
Lidocaine
 
Local  anaesthetic allergy
 
Lofexidine
 
Long  chain hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency
 
Lorazepam
 
Malaria
 
Malaria  (malignant tertian)
 
Medazepam
 
Mediterranean  myoclonic epilepsy
 
Melatonin
 
Meningitis - reduced  alertness
 
Meningococcal  disease - alertness changes
 
Meningoencephalitis
 
Mephenoxalone
 
Meprobamate
 
Methadone
 
Methaqualone
 
Methyldopa
 
Methyldopate
 
Methyprylon
 
Metoclopramide
 
Mianserin
 
Microcephaly  brain defect spasticity hypernatremia - unresponsiveness
 
Midazolam
 
Mild  Traumatic Brain Injury
 
Mirtazapine
 
Mitochondrial  acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase deficiency
 
Morphine  allergy
 
Myoclonus  progressive epilepsy of Unverricht and Lundborg
 
Nabilone
 
Narcolepsy
 
Narcolepsy 1 -  reduced alertness
 
Narcolepsy 2 -  reduced alertness
 
Narcolepsy 3 -  reduced alertness
 
Narcolepsy 4 -  reduced alertness
 
Narcolepsy 5 -  reduced alertness
 
Near-drowning
 
Nitrazepam
 
Nitrous oxide
 
Nortriptyline
 
Nortriptyline  toxicity
 
Novacaine  drug allergy
 
Olanzapine
 
Organic  solvent
 
Oxazepam
 
Oxycontin  overdose
 
Partial seizure 
 
Penicillin  allergy
 
Perazine
 
Persistent Vegetative  State - lack of response
 
Phencyclidine
 
Phenelzine
 
Phenobarbital
 
Pipothiazine
 
Pituitary  apoplexy
 
Pizotifen
 
Poison  hemlock
 
Pramipexole
 
Prazepam
 
Pregabalin
 
Primidone
 
Problem Sleepiness -  slow response
 
Prochlorperazine
 
Propiomazine
 
Propofol
 
Protriptyline  toxicity
 
Pulmonary  arteriovenous fistula
 
Quetiapine
 
Rabies
 
Raised  intracranial pressure
 
Ramelteon
 
Renal  failure, acute
 
Renal  failure, chronic
 
Reserpine
 
Respiratory  failure
 
Ritalin  overdose
 
Secondarily  generalized seizure
 
Selenium  poisoning
 
Shock
 
Shock, anaphylactic
 
Shock,  Cardiogenic
 
Shock,  Distributive
 
Shock,  Endocrine
 
Shock,  Hemorrhagic
 
Shock,  Hypovolaemic


Shock,  Neurogenic
==References==
 
{{reflist|2}}
Shock,  Obstructive
 
Shock, Septic -  unconsciousness
 
Shock,  Traumatic
 
Skull fracture
 
Sleep dept -  reduced alertness
 
Sleeping  sickness (East African)
 
Sleeping  sickness (West African)
 
Spinal  cord injury, acute
 
Stroke -  disturbance of consciousness
 
Subarachnoid  haemorrhage
 
Subdural  haemorrhage
 
Sulfa  antibiotics allergy
 
Syncope
 
Temazepam
 
Tetrahydrocannabinol
 
Thiamine  (Vitamin B1) deficiency
 
Thiopentone
 
Thrombotic  thrombocytopenic purpura
 
Tizanidine
 
Toluene
 
Topiramate
 
Triclofos
 
Tricyclic  antidepressants
 
Trifluperidol
 
Trimipramine  toxicity
 
Ultram  overdose
 
Unconsciousness  - unresponsiveness
 
Unverricht-Lundborg  disease
 
Unverricht-Lundborg  syndrome
 
Ureterosigmoidostomy
 
Variceal  Bleeding
 
Ventricular  fibrillation
 
Vicodin  overdose - unresponsiveness
 
Vigabatrin
 
Viral meningitis -  reduced alertness
 
Water  hemlock poisoning
 
Xanax  overdose
 
Zaleplon
 
Ziconotide
 
Zolpidem
 
Zopiclone
 
==Differentiating Loss of Consciousness from other Disorders==
*Loss of consciousness should ''not'' be confused with the notion of the psychoanalytic [[Unconscious mind|unconscious]] or cognitive processes (e.g., implicit cognition) that take place outside of [[awareness]].  Loss of consciousness must '''not''' be confused with [[altered states of consciousness]], such as [[delirium]] (when the person is [[confused]] and only partially responsive to the environment), normal [[sleep]], [[hypnosis]], and other altered states in which the person responds to stimuli.


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Latest revision as of 17:25, 8 May 2017

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Synonyms and keywords: LOC: non responsive; unresponsive; non-responsive; non-responsiveness; unresponsiveness; lack of responsiveness; lack of response; reduced alertness; disturbance of consciousness; decreased level of consciousness; decreased LOC; decreased consciousness; partial loss of consciousness; loss of consciousness; lack of consciousness

Overview

Unconsciousness is a dramatic alteration of mental state that involves complete or near-complete lack of responsiveness to people and other environmental stimuli. A transient LOC followed by rapid recovery is referred to as syncope.

Causes

Common Causes

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular Cardiac arrest, Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula, Shock, Syncope, Ventricular fibrillation, Fat embolism
Chemical / poisoning 1,1-Dichloroethene, 1,4-Dioxane, 2,4-Dinitrotoluene, 2-Methyl-4-Chlorophenoxyacetic Acid, Acetone, Acetophenone, Acute varnish makers' and painters' Naptha, Allyl alcohol, Allyl chloride, Allyl trichloride, Aluminum phosphide, Amidithion, Amiton, Aniline, Antifreeze, Athyl-Gusathion, Azinophos-methyl, Azinfos-ethyl, Azinphosmetile, Azothoate, Benoxafos, Bromophos, Cadusafos, Cannabinoids, Carbon monoxide, Carbon tetrachloride, Carbophenothion, Chlorfenvinphos, Chlorobenzene, Chloropyrifos, Chlorpyrifos methyl, Claviceps purpurea, Cone shell , Cyanides, Cyanthoate, Cyclohexanone, Demeton, Demeton-methyl, Demeton-O, Demeton-O-methyl, Demeton-S-methyl, Demeton-S-methylsulphon, Dialifos, Diazinon, Dichlorvos, Dicrotophos, Diethylene glycol, Dimethoate, Dimethyl phthalate, Dioxathion, Disulfoton, Earthball, Endosulfan, Endothion, Ethinamate, Ethion, Ethoate-methyl, Ethoprophos, Ethyl mercaptan, Ethylbenzene, Ethyl-guthion, Etrimfos, Fenchlorphos, Fenitrothion, Fensulfothion, Fenthion, Fonophos, Formothion, Guthion-ethyl, Heptenophos, High melting explosive , Insect allergy, Iodofenphos, Jet Fuel-4, Jet Fuel-8, Malathion, Mecarbam, Methacrifos, Methamidophos, Methane, Methidathion, Methiocarb, Methomyl, Methyl ethyl ketone, Methyl mercaptan, Methyl parathion, Methyl tert-butyl ether, Methylene Chloride, Metiltriazotion, Mevinphos, Monocrotophos, N,N-Dimethyl-P-Toluidine, Naphthalene, Nitroethane, Nitromethane, Nitrophenol, Nitrophenol Urea, Omethoate, Oxydeprofos, Oxydisulfoton, Parathion, Parathion Methyl, Pentaborane, Pentachlorophenol, Phenkapton, Phorate, Phosalone, Phosdrin, Phosmet, Phosphamidon, Phosphine, Phoxim, Pine oil, Pirimiphos-methyl, Primiphos methyl, Profenofos, Propylene glycol dinitrate, Prothidathion, Prothoate, Pyridine, Pyrimitate, Quinalphos, Quintiofos, RDX, Selenium, Sodium azide, Sodium hypochlorite, Sophamide, Stoddard solvent, Sulfotep, Terbufos, Tetrachloroethylene, Tetraethyl Pyrophosphate, Tetrahydrocannabinol, Tetrahydrofuran, Thiometon, Tolclofos methyl, Toluene, Triazophos, Triazotion, Trichlorfon, Trichloroethane, Triclofos, Trifenfos, Vamidothion, Vinyl Choride, Water hemlock poisoning, Xylene, Zinc Phosphide, Iron compounds, Organophosphorous compounds
Dermatologic No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect Atropine, Baclofen, Buprenorphine, Buspirone, Chlophedianol, Chloral hydrate, Chlorpheniramine, Chlorpromazine, Cinnarizine, Clomipramine, Clonazepam, Clotiapine, Cocaine, Codeine, Cyclobenzaprine, Cycloserine, Dantrolene, Demerol , Demethyldiazepam, Deserpidine, Desipramine, Diamorphine, Diazepam, Dichloralphenazone, Diphenhydramine, Diphenidol, Dothiepin, Doxepin , Efavirenz, Eszopiclone, Ethchlorvynol, ferumoxytol, Flurazepam , Fluridrazepam, Gabapentin, Gamma hydroxybutyrate, Ganaxolone, General anaesthesia, Glutethimide, Haloperidol, Hydrazine, Hydroxyzine, Imipramine, Inhalational anaesthetics, Iron compounds, Levetiracetam, Levomepromazine, Lidocaine, Local anaesthetia, Lofexidine, Lorazepam, Medazepam, Melatonin, Mephenoxalone, Meprobamate, Methadone, Methaqualone, Methyldopa, Methyprylon, Metoclopramide, Mianserin, Midazolam, Mirtazapine, Morphine, Nabilone, Nitrazepam, Nitrous oxide, Nortriptyline, Novacaine, Olanzapine, Oprelvekin, Oxazepam, Penicillin, Perazine, Phencyclidine, Phenelzine, Phenobarbital, Pipothiazine, Pizotifen, Pramipexole, Prazepam, Pregabalin, Primidone, Prochlorperazine, Propiomazine, Propofol, Protriptyline, Quetiapine, Ramelteon, Reserpine, Ritalin, Sulfa antibiotics, Temazepam, Thiopentone, Tizanidine, Topiramate, Tricyclic antidepressants, Trifluperidol, Trimipramine, Ultram , Vigabatrin, Zaleplon, Ziconotide, Zolpidem, Zopiclone, Amitriptyline, Amoxapine, Antipsychotic agents, Barbiturates, Benzodiazepines, Bromazepam
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine Diabetic ketoacidosis, Hyperosmolar non-ketotic diabetic coma, Hypothyroidism
Environmental Heat stroke
Gastroenterologic Hepatic failure, Variceal Bleeding
Genetic Hereditary fructose-1-phosphate aldolase deficiency, Fumarase deficiency, Long chain hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency, Mitochondrial acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase deficiency, Unverricht-Lundborg disease, Progressive myoclonus epilepsy, Carbamoylphosphate synthetase 1 deficiency , Carnitine deficiency , Carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase deficiency
Hematologic Anemia, Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
Iatrogenic Ureterosigmoidostomy
Infectious Disease Malaria, Viral meningitis, Rabies, Sleeping sickness , Intracranial abscess, Meningoencephalitis
Musculoskeletal / Ortho No underlying causes
Neurologic Acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis, Alcohol withdrawal syndrome, Anencephaly, Brain death, Cataplexy, Epidural haemorrhage, Fits, Focal seizures, Intracranial abscess, Intracranial granuloma, Intracranial haemorrhage, Meningoencephalitis, Partial seizure, Pituitary apoplexy, Progressive myoclonus epilepsy, Raised intracranial pressure, Secondarily generalized seizure, Subarachnoid haemorrhage, Subdural haemorrhage, Syncope, Unverricht-Lundborg disease
Nutritional / Metabolic Arginosuccinic aciduria, Carbamoylphosphate synthetase 1 deficiency , Carnitine deficiency , Carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase deficiency, Hypermagnesaemia, Hypoglycemia, Thiamine deficiency, Diabetic ketoacidosis, Hyperosmolar non-ketotic diabetic coma, Hereditary fructose-1-phosphate aldolase deficiency, Fumarase deficiency, Long chain hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency, Mitochondrial acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase deficiency
Obstetric/Gynecologic No underlying causes
Oncologic No underlying causes
Opthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose / Toxicity Amitriptyline, Amoxapine, Antipsychotic agents, Barbiturates, Benzodiazepines, Bromazepam, Bupivacaine, Tetrahydrocannabinol, Buprenorphine, Buspirone, Chlophedianol, Chloral hydrate, Chlorpheniramine, Chlorpromazine, Cinnarizine, Clomipramine, Clonazepam, Clotiapine, Cocaine, Codeine, Cyclobenzaprine, Cycloserine, Dantrolene, Demerol , Demethyldiazepam, Deserpidine, ,Desipramine ,Diamorphine ,Diazepam ,Dichloralphenazone, Diphenhydramine, Diphenidol, Dothiepin, Doxepin , Efavirenz, Eszopiclone, Ethchlorvynol ,Flurazepam , Fluridrazepam, Gabapentin, Gamma hydroxybutyrate, Ganaxolone, General anaesthesia, Glutethimide, Haloperidol, Hydrazine, Hydroxyzine, Imipramine, Inhalational anaesthetics, Iron compounds, Levetiracetam, Levomepromazine, Lidocaine, Local anaesthetia, Lofexidine, Lorazepam, Medazepam, Melatonin, Mephenoxalone, Meprobamate, Methadone, Methaqualone, Methyldopa, Methyprylon, Metoclopramide, Mianserin, Midazolam, Mirtazapine, Morphine, Nabilone, Nitrazepam, Nitrous oxide, Nortriptyline, Novacaine, Olanzapine, Oxazepam, Penicillin, Perazine, Phencyclidine, Phenelzine, Phenobarbital, Pipothiazine, Pizotifen, Pramipexole, Prazepam, Pregabalin, Primidone, Prochlorperazine, Propiomazine, Propofol, Protriptyline, Quetiapine, Ramelteon, Reserpine, Ritalin, Sulfa antibiotics, Temazepam, Thiopentone, Tizanidine, Topiramate, Tricyclic antidepressants, Trifluperidol, Trimipramine, Ultram , Vigabatrin, Zaleplon, Ziconotide, Zolpidem, Zopiclone
Psychiatric No underlying causes
Pulmonary Airway obstruction, Anoxia, Asphyxiation, Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula
Renal / Electrolyte Chronic renal failure, Acute renal failure
Rheum / Immune / Allergy Acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma Acute spinal cord injury, Concussion, Electric shock, Fat embolism, Firearm Injury, Mild Traumatic Brain Injury, Near-drowning, Skull fracture, Epidural haemorrhage, Subdural haemorrhage
Urologic No underlying causes
Dental No underlying causes
Miscellaneous Acute altitude sickness, Decompression sickness, Hyperbaric sickness, Hypothermia, Narcolepsy, Heat stroke, Alcohol withdrawal syndrome

Causes in Alphabetical Order


Differentiating Loss of Consciousness from other Diseases

  • Loss of consciousness should not be confused with the notion of the psychoanalytic unconscious or cognitive processes (e.g., implicit cognition) that take place outside of awareness. Loss of consciousness must not be confused with altered states of consciousness, such as delirium (when the person is confused and only partially responsive to the environment), normal sleep, hypnosis, and other altered states in which the person responds to stimuli.

References

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