5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PRKAG3gene.[1][2]
Function
The protein encoded by this gene is a regulatory subunit of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). AMPK is a heterotrimer consisting of an alpha catalytic subunit, and non-catalytic beta and gamma subunits. AMPK is an important energy-sensing enzyme that monitors cellular energy status. In response to cellular metabolic stresses, AMPK is activated, and thus phosphorylates and inactivates acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and beta-hydroxy beta-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR), key enzymes involved in regulating de novo biosynthesis of fatty acid and cholesterol. This subunit is one of the gamma regulatory subunits of AMPK. It is dominantly expressed in skeletal muscle. Studies of the pig counterpart suggest that this subunit may play a key role in the regulation of energy metabolism in skeletal muscle.[2]
References
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Park HB, Marklund S, Jeon JT, Mickelson JR, Valberg SJ, Sandberg K, Andersson L (2003). "Molecular characterization and mutational screening of the PRKAG3 gene in the horse". Cytogenet. Genome Res. 102 (1–4): 211–16. doi:10.1159/000075751. PMID14970705.
Barnes BR, Long YC, Steiler TL, Leng Y, Galuska D, Wojtaszewski JF, Andersson L, Zierath JR (2006). "Changes in exercise-induced gene expression in 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase gamma3-null and gamma3 R225Q transgenic mice". Diabetes. 54 (12): 3484–9. doi:10.2337/diabetes.54.12.3484. PMID16306365.
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