Bowel obstruction causes: Difference between revisions
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====Small bowel obstruction==== | ====Small bowel obstruction==== | ||
Causes of [[small bowel]] obstruction include: | Causes of [[small bowel]] obstruction include:<ref name="pmid26526435">{{cite journal |vauthors=Gore RM, Silvers RI, Thakrar KH, Wenzke DR, Mehta UK, Newmark GM, Berlin JW |title=Bowel Obstruction |journal=Radiol. Clin. North Am. |volume=53 |issue=6 |pages=1225–40 |year=2015 |pmid=26526435 |doi=10.1016/j.rcl.2015.06.008 |url=}}</ref> | ||
* [[Adhesion (medicine)|Adhesions]] | * [[Adhesion (medicine)|Adhesions]] | ||
**From previous abdominal surgery | **From previous abdominal surgery | ||
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====Large bowel obstruction==== | ====Large bowel obstruction==== | ||
Causes of [[large bowel]] obstruction include: | Causes of [[large bowel]] obstruction include:<ref name="pmid26526435">{{cite journal |vauthors=Gore RM, Silvers RI, Thakrar KH, Wenzke DR, Mehta UK, Newmark GM, Berlin JW |title=Bowel Obstruction |journal=Radiol. Clin. North Am. |volume=53 |issue=6 |pages=1225–40 |year=2015 |pmid=26526435 |doi=10.1016/j.rcl.2015.06.008 |url=}}</ref> | ||
* [[neoplasia|Neoplasm]]s | * [[neoplasia|Neoplasm]]s | ||
* [[Hernia]]s | * [[Hernia]]s | ||
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===Causes by organ system=== | ===Causes by organ system=== | ||
*Miscellaneous syndromes | *Miscellaneous syndromes<ref name="pmid3296252">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mucha P |title=Small intestinal obstruction |journal=Surg. Clin. North Am. |volume=67 |issue=3 |pages=597–620 |year=1987 |pmid=3296252 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid11036136">{{cite journal |vauthors=Miller G, Boman J, Shrier I, Gordon PH |title=Etiology of small bowel obstruction |journal=Am. J. Surg. |volume=180 |issue=1 |pages=33–6 |year=2000 |pmid=11036136 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
** Paralytic [[Ileus]] | ** Paralytic [[Ileus]] | ||
**[[Intestinal pseudoobstruction|Pseudo-obstruction]] ([[Ogilvie's syndrome]]) | **[[Intestinal pseudoobstruction|Pseudo-obstruction]] ([[Ogilvie's syndrome]]) | ||
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===Causes by mechanism=== | ===Causes by mechanism=== | ||
====Mechanical bowel obstruction==== | ====Mechanical bowel obstruction==== | ||
*Adenomatous polyps | *Adenomatous polyps<ref name="pmid17230614">{{cite journal |vauthors=Markogiannakis H, Messaris E, Dardamanis D, Pararas N, Tzertzemelis D, Giannopoulos P, Larentzakis A, Lagoudianakis E, Manouras A, Bramis I |title=Acute mechanical bowel obstruction: clinical presentation, etiology, management and outcome |journal=World J. Gastroenterol. |volume=13 |issue=3 |pages=432–7 |year=2007 |pmid=17230614 |pmc=4065900 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid22351916">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kozol R |title=Mechanical bowel obstruction: a tale of 2 eras |journal=Arch Surg |volume=147 |issue=2 |pages=180 |year=2012 |pmid=22351916 |doi=10.1001/archsurg.2011.1415 |url=}}</ref> | ||
*Adhesions | *Adhesions | ||
*Adhesive bands | *Adhesive bands | ||
Revision as of 16:07, 16 January 2018
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Bowel obstruction Microchapters |
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Bowel obstruction causes On the Web |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Bowel obstruction causes |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Hadeel Maksoud M.D.[2]
Overview
Small bowel obstruction causes include post-adbominal surgery adhesions, foreign bodies and intussusception. Large bowel obstruction causes include neoplasms, hernias and constipation. Miscellaneous causes include, paralytic ileus and Down syndrome. Causes by organ system include, ovarian cancer, bowel strangulation and ascariasis. Mechanical obstruction can be caused by pregnany, Hischsprung's disease and Crohn's disease. Non-mechanical obstruction may be caused by ovarian torsion, pancreatitis and lead posioning. Drug induced bowel obstruction can occur by intake of lanthanum carbonate, methscopolamine bromide, and teduglutide.
Causes
Causes by Localization
Small bowel obstruction
Causes of small bowel obstruction include:[1]
- Adhesions
- From previous abdominal surgery
- Carcinoid tumor
- Rare, preferred location is ileum
- Crohn's disease
- Causes adhesions or inflammatory strictures
- Foreign bodies
- including gallstones in gallstone ileus and swallowed objects
- Hernia
- Especially hernias containing bowel
- Intestinal atresia
- Intussusception
- Specifically in children
- Ischaemic strictures
- Neoplasms
- Including both benign and malignant neoplasms
- Volvulus
Large bowel obstruction
Causes of large bowel obstruction include:[1]
- Neoplasms
- Hernias
- Inflammatory bowel disease
- Volvulus
- Specifically sigmoid, caecal, and colonic volvulus
- Faecal impaction
- Colon atresia
- Benign strictures
- Such as those that occur with diverticular disease
Causes by organ system
- Miscellaneous syndromes[2][3]
- Paralytic Ileus
- Pseudo-obstruction (Ogilvie's syndrome)
- Chromosomal abnormalities
- Autosomal dominant conditions
- Neurofibromatosis type 1
- Malignant neoplastic conditions
- Trauma, mechanical and physical conditions:
- Infectious disorders
- Ascariasis
- Intra-abdominal sepsis
- Pneumonia
- Drug Induced
Causes by mechanism
Mechanical bowel obstruction
- Adenomatous polyps[4][5]
- Adhesions
- Adhesive bands
- Annular pancreas
- Ascariasis
- Atresia
- Biliary calculus
- Bowel duplication
- Carcinomatosis
- Colon Cancer
- Congenital megacolon
- Crohn's Disease
- Cysts
- Diverticular stricture
- Diverticulitis
- Endometriosis
- Foreign body
- Gallstone ileus
- Hematoma of the bowel wall
- Hernia
- Hirschprung's disease
- Iatrogenic
- Imperforate anus
- Incarcerated hernia
- Inflammatory
- Intrabdominal abscess
- Intrabdominal hematoma
- Invagination, intussusception
- Ischemia
- Malrotation
- Meckel's Diverticulum
- Megacolon
- Multiple polyposis syndromes
- Neoplasm
- Ovarian Cancer
- Pneumatosis intestinalis
- Iatrogenic
- Pregnancy
- Radiation induced stenosis
- Sarcoma
- Scleroderma
- Surgical anastomosis
- Therapy with dietary fiber
- Trauma
- Tuberculosis
- Ulcerative colitis
- Volvulus
Non-mechanical bowel obstruction
- Acid-base imbalance
- Acute pancreatitis
- Apoplexy
- Brain tumor
- Cancer
- Cholecystolithiasis
- Connective tissue disease
- Diabetic coma
- Empyema
- Hyperparathyroidism
- Hypokalemia
- Lead poisoning
- Lymphoma
- Mechanical ventilation
- Mesenteric infarction
- Meropenem
- Osteomyelitis of the spine
- Ovarian torsion
- Pancreatitis
- Penetrating wounds
- Perinephric abscess
- Peritoneal carcinomatosis
- Peritonitis
- Pneumonia
- Porphyria
- Iatrogenic
- Psoas abscess
- Pyelonephritis
- Renal colic
- Retroperitoneal hematoma
- Spinal cord inflammation
- Spinal cord injury
- Spinal cord trauma
- Systemic infection
- Testicular torsion
- Ulcer perforation
- Uremia
- Urosepsis
- Vitamin deficiency
Pseudo-bowel obstruction
- Aerophagia
- Functional bowel disease
Drug induced
- Lanthanum carbonate
- Methscopolamine bromide
- Teduglutide
- Morphine
- Narcotics
- Anticholinergics
- Antihistamines
- Catecholamines
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Gore RM, Silvers RI, Thakrar KH, Wenzke DR, Mehta UK, Newmark GM, Berlin JW (2015). "Bowel Obstruction". Radiol. Clin. North Am. 53 (6): 1225–40. doi:10.1016/j.rcl.2015.06.008. PMID 26526435.
- ↑ Mucha P (1987). "Small intestinal obstruction". Surg. Clin. North Am. 67 (3): 597–620. PMID 3296252.
- ↑ Miller G, Boman J, Shrier I, Gordon PH (2000). "Etiology of small bowel obstruction". Am. J. Surg. 180 (1): 33–6. PMID 11036136.
- ↑ Markogiannakis H, Messaris E, Dardamanis D, Pararas N, Tzertzemelis D, Giannopoulos P, Larentzakis A, Lagoudianakis E, Manouras A, Bramis I (2007). "Acute mechanical bowel obstruction: clinical presentation, etiology, management and outcome". World J. Gastroenterol. 13 (3): 432–7. PMC 4065900. PMID 17230614.
- ↑ Kozol R (2012). "Mechanical bowel obstruction: a tale of 2 eras". Arch Surg. 147 (2): 180. doi:10.1001/archsurg.2011.1415. PMID 22351916.