Bowel obstruction causes: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Small bowel obstruction causes include post-adbominal surgery adhesions, foreign bodies and intussusception. Large bowel obstruction causes include neoplasms, hernias and constipation. Miscellaneous causes include, paralytic ileus and Down syndrome. Causes by organ system include, ovarian cancer, bowel strangulation and ascariasis. Mechanical obstruction can be caused by pregnany, Hischsprung's disease and Crohn's disease. Non-mechanical obstruction may be caused by ovarian torsion, pancreatitis and lead posioning. Drug induced bowel obstruction can occur by intake of [[lanthanum carbonate]], [[methscopolamine bromide]], and [[teduglutide]]. | |||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
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===Causes by Localization=== | ===Causes by Localization=== | ||
====Small | ====Small bowel obstruction==== | ||
Causes of [[small bowel]] obstruction include: | |||
* [[Adhesion (medicine)|Adhesions]] | * [[Adhesion (medicine)|Adhesions]] | ||
**From previous abdominal surgery | |||
* [[Carcinoid]] tumor | * [[Carcinoid]] tumor | ||
**Rare, preferred location is ileum | **Rare, preferred location is ileum | ||
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*[[Volvulus]] | *[[Volvulus]] | ||
====Large | ====Large bowel obstruction==== | ||
Causes of [[large bowel]] obstruction include: | Causes of [[large bowel]] obstruction include: | ||
* [[neoplasia|Neoplasm]]s | * [[neoplasia|Neoplasm]]s | ||
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**Such as those that occur with diverticular disease | **Such as those that occur with diverticular disease | ||
===Causes by | ===Causes by organ system=== | ||
*Miscellaneous syndromes | *Miscellaneous syndromes | ||
** Paralytic [[Ileus]] | ** Paralytic [[Ileus]] | ||
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**[[Pergolide]] | **[[Pergolide]] | ||
===Causes by | ===Causes by mechanism=== | ||
====Mechanical bowel obstruction==== | |||
==== Mechanical | |||
*Adenomatous polyps | *Adenomatous polyps | ||
*Adhesions | *Adhesions | ||
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*[[Volvulus]] | *[[Volvulus]] | ||
==== Non | ====Non-mechanical bowel obstruction==== | ||
*Acid-base imbalance | *Acid-base imbalance | ||
*Acute [[pancreatitis]] | *Acute [[pancreatitis]] | ||
*Apoplexy | *Apoplexy | ||
*[[Brain tumor]] | *[[Brain tumor]] | ||
*[[Cancer]] | *[[Cancer]] | ||
*[[Cholecystolithiasis]] | *[[Cholecystolithiasis]] | ||
*Connective tissue disease | *Connective tissue disease | ||
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*[[Mesenteric infarction]] | *[[Mesenteric infarction]] | ||
*[[Meropenem]] | *[[Meropenem]] | ||
*[[Osteomyelitis]] of the spine | *[[Osteomyelitis]] of the spine | ||
*[[Ovarian torsion]] | *[[Ovarian torsion]] | ||
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*Vitamin deficiency | *Vitamin deficiency | ||
==== Pseudo | ====Pseudo-bowel obstruction==== | ||
*Aerophagia | *Aerophagia | ||
*Functional bowel disease | *Functional bowel disease | ||
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*[[Methscopolamine bromide]] | *[[Methscopolamine bromide]] | ||
*[[Teduglutide]] | *[[Teduglutide]] | ||
*[[Morphine]] | |||
*Narcotics | |||
*Anticholinergics | |||
*Antihistamines | |||
*[[Catecholamines]] | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 15:58, 16 January 2018
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Hadeel Maksoud M.D.[2]
Overview
Small bowel obstruction causes include post-adbominal surgery adhesions, foreign bodies and intussusception. Large bowel obstruction causes include neoplasms, hernias and constipation. Miscellaneous causes include, paralytic ileus and Down syndrome. Causes by organ system include, ovarian cancer, bowel strangulation and ascariasis. Mechanical obstruction can be caused by pregnany, Hischsprung's disease and Crohn's disease. Non-mechanical obstruction may be caused by ovarian torsion, pancreatitis and lead posioning. Drug induced bowel obstruction can occur by intake of lanthanum carbonate, methscopolamine bromide, and teduglutide.
Causes
Causes by Localization
Small bowel obstruction
Causes of small bowel obstruction include:
- Adhesions
- From previous abdominal surgery
- Carcinoid tumor
- Rare, preferred location is ileum
- Crohn's disease
- Causes adhesions or inflammatory strictures
- Foreign bodies
- including gallstones in gallstone ileus and swallowed objects
- Hernia
- Especially hernias containing bowel
- Intestinal atresia
- Intussusception
- Specifically in children
- Ischaemic strictures
- Neoplasms
- Including both benign and malignant neoplasms
- Volvulus
Large bowel obstruction
Causes of large bowel obstruction include:
- Neoplasms
- Hernias
- Inflammatory bowel disease
- Volvulus
- Specifically sigmoid, caecal, and colonic volvulus
- Faecal impaction
- Colon atresia
- Benign strictures
- Such as those that occur with diverticular disease
Causes by organ system
- Miscellaneous syndromes
- Paralytic Ileus
- Pseudo-obstruction (Ogilvie's syndrome)
- Chromosomal abnormalities
- Autosomal dominant conditions
- Neurofibromatosis type 1
- Malignant neoplastic conditions
- Trauma, mechanical and physical conditions:
- Infectious disorders
- Ascariasis
- Intra-abdominal sepsis
- Pneumonia
- Drug Induced
Causes by mechanism
Mechanical bowel obstruction
- Adenomatous polyps
- Adhesions
- Adhesive bands
- Annular pancreas
- Ascariasis
- Atresia
- Biliary calculus
- Bowel duplication
- Carcinomatosis
- Colon Cancer
- Congenital megacolon
- Crohn's Disease
- Cysts
- Diverticular stricture
- Diverticulitis
- Endometriosis
- Foreign body
- Gallstone ileus
- Hematoma of the bowel wall
- Hernia
- Hirschprung's disease
- Iatrogenic
- Imperforate anus
- Incarcerated hernia
- Inflammatory
- Intrabdominal abscess
- Intrabdominal hematoma
- Invagination, intussusception
- Ischemia
- Malrotation
- Meckel's Diverticulum
- Megacolon
- Multiple polyposis syndromes
- Neoplasm
- Ovarian Cancer
- Pneumatosis intestinalis
- Iatrogenic
- Pregnancy
- Radiation induced stenosis
- Sarcoma
- Scleroderma
- Surgical anastomosis
- Therapy with dietary fiber
- Trauma
- Tuberculosis
- Ulcerative colitis
- Volvulus
Non-mechanical bowel obstruction
- Acid-base imbalance
- Acute pancreatitis
- Apoplexy
- Brain tumor
- Cancer
- Cholecystolithiasis
- Connective tissue disease
- Diabetic coma
- Empyema
- Hyperparathyroidism
- Hypokalemia
- Lead poisoning
- Lymphoma
- Mechanical ventilation
- Mesenteric infarction
- Meropenem
- Osteomyelitis of the spine
- Ovarian torsion
- Pancreatitis
- Penetrating wounds
- Perinephric abscess
- Peritoneal carcinomatosis
- Peritonitis
- Pneumonia
- Porphyria
- Iatrogenic
- Psoas abscess
- Pyelonephritis
- Renal colic
- Retroperitoneal hematoma
- Spinal cord inflammation
- Spinal cord injury
- Spinal cord trauma
- Systemic infection
- Testicular torsion
- Ulcer perforation
- Uremia
- Urosepsis
- Vitamin deficiency
Pseudo-bowel obstruction
- Aerophagia
- Functional bowel disease
Drug induced
- Lanthanum carbonate
- Methscopolamine bromide
- Teduglutide
- Morphine
- Narcotics
- Anticholinergics
- Antihistamines
- Catecholamines