Inhibin

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inhibin, alpha
Identifiers
SymbolINHA
Entrez3623
HUGO6065
OMIM147380
RefSeqNM_002191
UniProtP05111
Other data
LocusChr. 2 q33-qter
inhibin, beta A (activin A, activin AB alpha polypeptide)
Identifiers
SymbolINHBA
Entrez3624
HUGO6066
OMIM147290
RefSeqNM_002192
UniProtP08476
Other data
LocusChr. 7 p15-p13
inhibin, beta B (activin AB beta polypeptide)
Identifiers
SymbolINHBB
Entrez3625
HUGO6067
OMIM147390
RefSeqNM_002193
UniProtP09529
Other data
LocusChr. 2 cen-q13

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Phone:617-632-7753


Overview

Inhibin is a peptide that is an inhibitor of FSH synthesis and secretion,[1] and participates in the regulation of the menstrual cycle.

Structure

Inhibin contains an alpha and beta subunit linked by disulfide bonds. Two forms of inhibin differ in their beta subunits (A or B), while their alpha subunits are identical.

Inhibin belongs to the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily.

Action

In women

In women, FSH stimulates the secretion of inhibin from the granulosa cells of the ovarian follicles in ovary. In turn, inhibin suppresses FSH.

Inhibin secretion is diminished by GnRH, and enhanced by insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1).

Inhibin is produced in the gonads, pituitary gland, placenta and other organs.

In men

In men, it is a hormone that inhibits FSH production.

It is secreted from the Sertoli cells,[2] located in the seminiferous tubule inside the testes.

Activin

Activin is a related peptide that counteracts inhibin.

Clinical significance

Quantification of inhibin A is part of the prenatal quad screen that can be administered during pregnancy at a gestational age of 16-18 weeks. An elevated inhibin A (along with an increased beta-hCG, decreased AFP, and a decreased estriol) is [3] suggestive of the presence of a fetus with Down's syndrome. As a screening test, abnormal quad screen test results need to be followed up with more definitive tests.

It also has been used as a marker for ovarian cancer.[4][5]

References

  1. van Zonneveld P, Scheffer G, Broekmans F, Blankenstein M, de Jong F, Looman C, Habbema J, te Velde E (2003). "Do cycle disturbances explain the age-related decline of female fertility? Cycle characteristics of women aged over 40 years compared with a reference population of young women". Hum Reprod. 18 (3): 495–501. PMID 12615813.
  2. Skinner M, McLachlan R, Bremner W (1989). "Stimulation of Sertoli cell inhibin secretion by the testicular paracrine factor PModS". Mol Cell Endocrinol. 66 (2): 239–49. PMID 2515083.
  3. Aitken D, Wallace E, Crossley J, Swanston I, van Pareren Y, van Maarle M, Groome N, Macri J, Connor J (1996). "Dimeric inhibin A as a marker for Down's syndrome in early pregnancy". N Engl J Med. 334 (19): 1231–6. PMID 8606718.
  4. Robertson D, Pruysers E, Jobling T. "Inhibin as a diagnostic marker for ovarian cancer". Cancer Lett. PMID 17320281.
  5. Robertson D, Pruysers E, Burger H, Jobling T, McNeilage J, Healy D (2004). "Inhibins and ovarian cancer". Mol Cell Endocrinol. 225 (1–2): 65–71. PMID 15451569.

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