Mitoxantrone

Mitoxantrone

File:Mitoxantrone skeletal.svg
Clinical data
Pregnancy category	US: D (Evidence of risk)
Routes of administration	Exclusively intravenous
ATC code	L01DB07 (WHO)
Legal status
Legal status	In general: ℞ (Prescription only)
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	n/a
Protein binding	78%
Metabolism	Hepatic (CYP2E1)
Elimination half-life	75 hours
Excretion	Renal
Identifiers
IUPAC name 1,4-dihydroxy-5,8-bis[2-(2-hydroxyethylamino) ethylamino]-anthracene-9,10-dione
CAS Number	65271-80-9
PubChem CID	4212
DrugBank	APRD00371
E number	{{#property:P628}}
ECHA InfoCard	{{#property:P2566}}
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C22H28N4O6
Molar mass	444.481 g/mol

WikiDoc Resources for Mitoxantrone
Articles
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Evidence Based Medicine
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Clinical Trials
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Guidelines / Policies / Govt
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Mitoxantrone NICE Guidance on Mitoxantrone NHS PRODIGY Guidance FDA on Mitoxantrone CDC on Mitoxantrone
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Commentary
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Definitions
Definitions of Mitoxantrone
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Continuing Medical Education (CME)
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International
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Experimental / Informatics
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Overview

Mitoxantrone is an anthracycline antineoplastic agent used in the treatment of certain types of cancer, mostly metastatic breast cancer, acute myeloid leukemia, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Mitoxantrone is also used to treat multiple sclerosis (MS), most notably the subset known as secondary progressive MS. Mitoxantrone will not cure multiple sclerosis, but is effective in slowing the progression of secondary progressive MS and extending the time between relapses in relapsing-remitting MS and progressive relapsing MS.

Mechanism of action

Mitoxantrone is a type II topoisomerase inhibitor; it disrupts DNA synthesis and DNA repair in both healthy cells and cancer cells.

Side effects

As other drugs in its class, mitoxantrone may cause several adverse reactions of varying severity, such as nausea, vomiting, hair loss, heart damage, and immunosuppression. Some side effects may have delayed onset. Cardiomyopathy is a particularly concerning effect as it is irreversible; regular monitoring with echocardiograms or MUGA scans are recommended for people taking mitoxantrone.

The medication carries a total lifetime dose based on body surface area.