TREX1

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Identifiers
Aliases
External IDsGeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

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RefSeq (protein)

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Three prime repair exonuclease 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the TREX1 gene.[1][2][3][4]

Function

This gene encodes the major 3'->5' DNA exonuclease in human cells. The protein is a non-processive exonuclease that may serve a proofreading function for a human DNA polymerase. It is also a component of the SET complex, and acts to rapidly degrade 3' ends of nicked DNA during granzyme A-mediated cell death. Mutations in this gene result in Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome, chilblain lupus, RVCL (Retinal Vasculopathy with Cerebral Leukodystrophy), and Cree encephalitis. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.[4]

clinical relevance

TREX1 helps HIV‑1 to evade cytosolic sensing by degrading viral cDNA in the cytoplasm[5]

References

  1. Mazur DJ, Perrino FW (Aug 1999). "Identification and expression of the TREX1 and TREX2 cDNA sequences encoding mammalian 3'-->5' exonucleases". J Biol Chem. 274 (28): 19655–60. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.28.19655. PMID 10391904.
  2. Hoss M, Robins P, Naven TJ, Pappin DJ, Sgouros J, Lindahl T (Aug 1999). "A human DNA editing enzyme homologous to the Escherichia coli DnaQ/MutD protein". EMBO J. 18 (13): 3868–75. doi:10.1093/emboj/18.13.3868. PMC 1171463. PMID 10393201.
  3. Crow YJ, Hayward BE, Parmar R, Robins P, Leitch A, Ali M, Black DN, van Bokhoven H, Brunner HG, Hamel BC, Corry PC, Cowan FM, Frints SG, Klepper J, Livingston JH, Lynch SA, Massey RF, Meritet JF, Michaud JL, Ponsot G, Voit T, Lebon P, Bonthron DT, Jackson AP, Barnes DE, Lindahl T (Jul 2006). "Mutations in the gene encoding the 3'-5' DNA exonuclease TREX1 cause Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome at the AGS1 locus". Nat Genet. 38 (8): 917–20. doi:10.1038/ng1845. PMID 16845398.
  4. 4.0 4.1 "Entrez Gene: TREX1 three prime repair exonuclease 1".
  5. Doyle, Thomas (27 April 2015). "HIV-1 and interferons: who's interfering with whom?". Nature Reviews Microbiology. 13 (Nature Reviews Microbiology 13): 403–413. doi:10.1038/nrmicro3449. PMID 25915633. Retrieved 6 April 2016.

Further reading

External links