Lymphangitis carcinomatosa: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
No edit summary
 
(22 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
__NOTOC__
__NOTOC__
{{SI}}                                                                 
{{SI}}                                                                 
{{CMG}}; {{Swathi}}{{S.G}}
{{CMG}}; {{Swathi}} {{S.G.}}
   
   
{{SK}} Lymphangitis carcinomatosis; Pulmonary lymphangitic carcinomatosis
{{SK}} Lymphangitis carcinomatosis; Pulmonary lymphangitic carcinomatosis
Line 10: Line 10:


==Historical Perspective==
==Historical Perspective==
*[[Lymphangitis]] carcinomatosa was first discovered in 1829 by Gabriel Andral, a distinguished French [[pathologist]] and professor at the University of Paris.<ref name="Doyle2018">{{cite journal|last1=Doyle|first1=L|title=Gabriel Andral (1797-1876) and the First Reports of Lymphangitis Carcinomatosa|journal=Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine|volume=82|issue=8|year=2018|pages=491–493|issn=0141-0768|doi=10.1177/014107688908200814}}</ref>
*[[Lymphangitis]] carcinomatosa was first discovered by Gabriel Andral, a distinguished French [[pathologist]] and professor at the University of Paris in 1829.<ref name="Doyle2018">{{cite journal|last1=Doyle|first1=L|title=Gabriel Andral (1797-1876) and the First Reports of Lymphangitis Carcinomatosa|journal=Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine|volume=82|issue=8|year=2018|pages=491–493|issn=0141-0768|doi=10.1177/014107688908200814}}</ref>
*Andral's [[case report]] on [[postmortem]] findings of [[lymphangitis]] carcinomatosa followed after a [[case report]] on a [[Women|woman]] who had died from [[cancer]] of the [[uterus]]; there had been extensive [[Spread of the cancer|spread]] of the [[cancer]] in the [[pelvis]], [[mesentery]] and [[thoracic duct]]-there was no mention of [[pulmonary]] or [[pleural]] involvement.
*Andral's [[case report]] on [[postmortem]] findings of [[lymphangitis]] carcinomatosa followed after a [[case report]] on a [[Women|woman]] who had died from [[cancer]] of the [[uterus]]; there had been extensive [[Spread of the cancer|spread]] of the [[cancer]] in the [[pelvis]], [[mesentery]] and [[thoracic duct]]-there was no mention of [[pulmonary]] or [[pleural]] involvement.<ref name="Doyle20182">{{cite journal|last1=Doyle|first1=L|title=Gabriel Andral (1797-1876) and the First Reports of Lymphangitis Carcinomatosa|journal=Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine|volume=82|issue=8|year=2018|pages=491–493|issn=0141-0768|doi=10.1177/014107688908200814}}</ref>
*Andral is remembered for his pioneer investigations of [[blood]] [[chemistry]].
*Andral is remembered for his pioneer investigations of [[blood]] [[chemistry]].
*Gabriel Andral is considered to be the founder of [[scientific]] [[hematology]], and is credited with its integration into [[clinical]] and [[Analytical chemistry|analytical]] [[medicine]].
*Gabriel Andral is considered to be the founder of [[scientific]] [[hematology]], and is credited with its integration into [[clinical]] and [[Analytical chemistry|analytical]] [[medicine]].


==Classification==
==Classification==
*There is no [[classification]] for [[lymphangitis]] carcinomatosa.  
*There is no established system for the classification of lymphangitis carcinomatosa.<ref name="pmid31245208">{{cite journal |vauthors=Aslam HM, Zhi C, Nadeem M, Arsalan M, Wallach SL |title=A Case of Rapidly Deteriorating Lymphangitic Carcinomatosis in a Patient with Stage IV Pancreatic Cancer |journal=Cureus |volume=11 |issue=4 |pages=e4421 |date=April 2019 |pmid=31245208 |pmc=6559437 |doi=10.7759/cureus.4421 |url=}}</ref>


==Pathophysiology==
==Pathophysiology==
*It is understood that [[lymphangitis]] carcinomatosa is the result of the [[tumoral]] [[Spread of the cancer|spread]] into the [[lymphatics]], following hematogenous seeding of the [[lungs]].<ref name="BiswasSriram2015">{{cite journal|last1=Biswas|first1=Abhishek|last2=Sriram|first2=Peruvemba S.|title=Getting the Whole Picture: Lymphangitic Carcinomatosis|journal=The American Journal of Medicine|volume=128|issue=8|year=2015|pages=837–840|issn=00029343|doi=10.1016/j.amjmed.2015.04.007}}</ref>
*It is understood that lymphangitis carcinomatosa is the result of the [[tumoral]] [[Spread of the cancer|spread]] into the [[lymphatics]], following [[Hematogen|hematogenous]] seeding of the [[lungs]].<ref name="BiswasSriram2015">{{cite journal|last1=Biswas|first1=Abhishek|last2=Sriram|first2=Peruvemba S.|title=Getting the Whole Picture: Lymphangitic Carcinomatosis|journal=The American Journal of Medicine|volume=128|issue=8|year=2015|pages=837–840|issn=00029343|doi=10.1016/j.amjmed.2015.04.007}}</ref>
*The [[pathogenesis]] is also characterized by retrograde [[Spread of the cancer|spread]] into [[lymphatics]] from the [[mediastinal]] and [[hilar]] [[lymph nodes]] in the [[lungs]].  
*The [[pathogenesis]] is also characterized by retrograde [[Spread of the cancer|spread]] into [[lymphatics]] from the [[mediastinal]] and [[hilar]] [[lymph nodes]] in the [[lungs]].<ref name="Beattie1956">{{cite journal|last1=Beattie|first1=J.W.|title=Lymphangitis carcinomatosa|journal=British Journal of Tuberculosis and Diseases of the Chest|volume=50|issue=2|year=1956|pages=120–129|issn=03660869|doi=10.1016/S0366-0869(56)80046-4}}</ref>
*Both the peripheral lymphatics coursing in the interlobular [[septa]] and beneath the [[pleura]], and the central [[lymphatics]] coursing in the bronchovascular [[interstitium]] are involved.  
*Both the peripheral [[lymphatics]] coursing in the interlobular [[septa]] and beneath the [[pleura]], and the central [[lymphatics]] coursing in the bronchovascular [[interstitium]] are involved.<ref name="urlLymphangitic carcinomatosis | Radiology Reference Article | Radiopaedia.org">{{cite web |url=https://radiopaedia.org/articles/lymphangitic-carcinomatosis?iframe=true&lang=us |title=Lymphangitic carcinomatosis &#124; Radiology Reference Article &#124; Radiopaedia.org |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>
*There are no specific [[genetic]] [[mutations]] associated with the [[development]] of [[lymphangitis]] carcinomatosa.  
*There are no specific [[genetic]] [[mutations]] associated with the [[development]] of lymphangitis carcinomatosa.<ref name="MoubaxWuyts2012">{{cite journal|last1=Moubax|first1=Kim|last2=Wuyts|first2=Wim|last3=Vandecaveye|first3=Vincent|last4=Prenen|first4=Hans|title=Pulmonary lymphangitic carcinomatosis as a primary manifestation of gastric carcinoma in a young adult: a case report and review of the literature|journal=BMC Research Notes|volume=5|issue=1|year=2012|pages=638|issn=1756-0500|doi=10.1186/1756-0500-5-638}}</ref>
*On [[gross pathology]], characteristic findings of [[lymphangitis]] carcinomatosa include:<ref name="lymph">Lymphangitis carcinomatosa. Libre Pathology. https://librepathology.org/wiki/Pulmonary_lymphangitic_carcinomatosis</ref>
*On [[gross pathology]], characteristic findings of [[lymphangitis]] carcinomatosa include:<ref name="lymph">Lymphangitis carcinomatosa. Libre Pathology. https://librepathology.org/wiki/Pulmonary_lymphangitic_carcinomatosis</ref>
:*No remarkable findings  
:*No remarkable findings  
Line 48: Line 48:
:*[[Pneumonitis|Radiation pneumonitis]]
:*[[Pneumonitis|Radiation pneumonitis]]
:*[[Lymphocytic]] [[interstitial pneumonitis]]
:*[[Lymphocytic]] [[interstitial pneumonitis]]
*Pulmonary lymphangitic carcinomatosis occurs in 6%–8% of patients with pulmonary metastases  
*[[Pulmonary]] lymphangitic carcinomatosis occurs in 6%–8% of [[Patient|patients]] with [[pulmonary]] [[Metastasis|metastases]].<ref name="ThomasLenox20082">{{cite journal|last1=Thomas|first1=A.|last2=Lenox|first2=R.|title=Pulmonary lymphangitic carcinomatosis as a primary manifestation of colon cancer in a young adult|journal=Canadian Medical Association Journal|volume=179|issue=4|year=2008|pages=338–340|issn=0820-3946|doi=10.1503/cmaj.080142}}</ref>


==Epidemiology and Demographics==
==Epidemiology and Demographics==
*[[Lymphangitis]] carcinomatosa is a [[rare]] [[disease]].  
*Lymphangitis carcinomatosa is a [[rare]] [[disease]].<ref name="KashiharaKanai2018">{{cite journal|last1=Kashihara|first1=Eriko|last2=Kanai|first2=Osamu|last3=Okamura|first3=Misato|last4=Mio|first4=Tadashi|title=Cutaneous lymphangitis carcinomatosa made cervicofacial oedema intractable in a patient with superior vena cava syndrome|journal=BMJ Case Reports|year=2018|pages=bcr-2018-224206|issn=1757-790X|doi=10.1136/bcr-2018-224206}}</ref>
*The [[prevalence]] of [[lymphangitis]] carcinomatosa is approximately 0.03 per 100,000 individuals worldwide.<ref name="radio">Lymphangitis carcinomatosa. Radiopedia. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/lymphangitic-carcinomatosis</ref>
*The [[prevalence]] of lymphangitis carcinomatosa is approximately 0.03 per 100,000 individuals worldwide.<ref name="radio">Lymphangitis carcinomatosa. Radiopedia. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/lymphangitic-carcinomatosis</ref>


===Age===
===Age===
Line 65: Line 65:


===Race===
===Race===
*There is no [[racial]] predilection for [[lymphangitis]] carcinomatosa.
*There is no [[racial]] predilection for lymphangitis carcinomatosa.


==Risk Factors==
==Risk Factors==
*Common [[risk factors]] in the [[development]] of [[lymphangitis]] carcinomatosa include:<ref name="radio">Lymphangitis carcinomatosa. Radiopedia. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/lymphangitic-carcinomatosis</ref>
*Common [[risk factors]] in the [[development]] of lymphangitis carcinomatosa include:<ref name="radio">Lymphangitis carcinomatosa. Radiopedia. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/lymphangitic-carcinomatosis</ref>
:*Personal [[History and Physical examination|history]] of [[cancer]]
:*Personal [[History and Physical examination|history]] of [[cancer]]
:*Preexistent [[malignant]] [[cancer]]
:*Preexistent [[malignant]] [[cancer]]
Line 75: Line 75:
*The majority of [[patients]] with [[lymphangitis]] carcinomatosa are [[symptomatic]] at the time of [[diagnosis]].<ref name="RajaSeshadri2011">{{cite journal|last1=Raja|first1=Anand|last2=Seshadri|first2=Ramakrishnan Ayloor|last3=Sundersingh|first3=Shirley|title=Lymphangitis Carcinomatosa: Report of a Case and Review of Literature|journal=Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology|volume=1|issue=3|year=2011|pages=274–276|issn=0975-7651|doi=10.1007/s13193-011-0047-9}}</ref>
*The majority of [[patients]] with [[lymphangitis]] carcinomatosa are [[symptomatic]] at the time of [[diagnosis]].<ref name="RajaSeshadri2011">{{cite journal|last1=Raja|first1=Anand|last2=Seshadri|first2=Ramakrishnan Ayloor|last3=Sundersingh|first3=Shirley|title=Lymphangitis Carcinomatosa: Report of a Case and Review of Literature|journal=Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology|volume=1|issue=3|year=2011|pages=274–276|issn=0975-7651|doi=10.1007/s13193-011-0047-9}}</ref>
*There are two [[Theory|theories]] as to how this [[condition]] occurs<ref name="KhachekianShargh2015">{{cite journal|last1=Khachekian|first1=Arsineh|last2=Shargh|first2=Sean|last3=Arabian|first3=Sarkis|title=Pulmonary Lymphangitic Carcinomatosis From Metastatic Gastric Adenocarcinoma: Case Report|journal=The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association|volume=115|issue=5|year=2015|pages=332|issn=0098-6151|doi=10.7556/jaoa.2015.064}}</ref>
*There are two [[Theory|theories]] as to how this [[condition]] occurs<ref name="KhachekianShargh2015">{{cite journal|last1=Khachekian|first1=Arsineh|last2=Shargh|first2=Sean|last3=Arabian|first3=Sarkis|title=Pulmonary Lymphangitic Carcinomatosis From Metastatic Gastric Adenocarcinoma: Case Report|journal=The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association|volume=115|issue=5|year=2015|pages=332|issn=0098-6151|doi=10.7556/jaoa.2015.064}}</ref>
**The first [[theory]] states there is haematogenous [[metastasis]] producing [[Endarteritis obliterans|obliterative]] [[Endarteritis obliterans|endarteritis]] and then [[Tumor cell|tumor]] [[Cells (biology)|cells]] subsequently egress through [[vascular]] walls into the [[Perivascular cell|perivascular]] [[lymphatics]].
**The first [[theory]] states there is [[Haematogen|haematogenous]] [[metastasis]] producing [[Endarteritis obliterans|obliterative]] [[Endarteritis obliterans|endarteritis]] and then [[Tumor cell|tumor]] [[Cells (biology)|cells]] subsequently egress through [[vascular]] walls into the [[Perivascular cell|perivascular]] [[lymphatics]].
**The second [[theory]] states there may be [[diffuse]] retrograde permeation and [[embolization]] of [[lymphatics]] after involvement of the [[hilar]] [[Lymph nodes|lymph nodes.]]  
**The second [[theory]] states there may be [[diffuse]] retrograde permeation and [[embolization]] of [[lymphatics]] after involvement of the [[hilar]] [[Lymph nodes|lymph nodes.]]
*Early [[clinical]] features include [[dyspnea]], [[fatigue]], and [[weight-loss]].  
*Early [[clinical]] features include [[dyspnea]], [[fatigue]], and [[weight-loss]].  
*Lymphangitis carcinomatosa may precede or obscure or dominate any local [[symptoms]] and present as a [[diagnostic]] problem in [[dyspnoea]].<ref name="JaswalAhuja2019">{{cite journal|last1=Jaswal|first1=Sofia|last2=Ahuja|first2=Vanita|last3=Aggarwal|first3=Deepak|last4=Kaur|first4=Harkirat|title=Incidental finding of pulmonary lymphangitis carcinomatosa in a patient of chest trauma|journal=Indian Journal of Anaesthesia|volume=63|issue=1|year=2019|pages=70|issn=0019-5049|doi=10.4103/ija.IJA_581_18}}</ref>
*Lymphangitis carcinomatosa may precede or obscure or dominate any local [[symptoms]] and present as a [[diagnostic]] problem in [[dyspnoea]].<ref name="JaswalAhuja2019">{{cite journal|last1=Jaswal|first1=Sofia|last2=Ahuja|first2=Vanita|last3=Aggarwal|first3=Deepak|last4=Kaur|first4=Harkirat|title=Incidental finding of pulmonary lymphangitis carcinomatosa in a patient of chest trauma|journal=Indian Journal of Anaesthesia|volume=63|issue=1|year=2019|pages=70|issn=0019-5049|doi=10.4103/ija.IJA_581_18}}</ref>
Line 91: Line 91:
== Diagnosis ==  
== Diagnosis ==  
=== Symptoms ===
=== Symptoms ===
*Lymphangitis carcinomatosa is usually [[asymptomatic]].
*The majority of [[Patient|patients]] with lymphangitis carcinomatosa are [[asymptomatic]].
*Lymphangitis carcinomatosa is usually [[asymptomatic]].<ref name="RajaSeshadri20112">{{cite journal|last1=Raja|first1=Anand|last2=Seshadri|first2=Ramakrishnan Ayloor|last3=Sundersingh|first3=Shirley|title=Lymphangitis Carcinomatosa: Report of a Case and Review of Literature|journal=Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology|volume=1|issue=3|year=2011|pages=274–276|issn=0975-7651|doi=10.1007/s13193-011-0047-9}}</ref>
*[[Symptoms]] of [[lymphangitis]] carcinomatosa may include the following:<ref name="radio">Lymphangitis carcinomatosa. Radiopedia. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/lymphangitic-carcinomatosis</ref>
*[[Symptoms]] of [[lymphangitis]] carcinomatosa may include the following:<ref name="radio">Lymphangitis carcinomatosa. Radiopedia. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/lymphangitic-carcinomatosis</ref>
:* [[Hemoptysis]]  
 
:*[[Hemoptysis]]
:* [[Chronic (medical)|Chronic]] [[coughing]]
:* [[Chronic (medical)|Chronic]] [[coughing]]
:* [[Chest pain]]
:* [[Chest pain]]
:* Loss of [[appetite]]
:*[[Loss of appetite]]
:* [[Fatigue]]
:* [[Fatigue]]


Line 113: Line 115:


=== Laboratory Findings ===
=== Laboratory Findings ===
*There are no specific [[laboratory]] findings associated with [[lymphangitis]] carcinomatosa.<ref name="GilchristAlton2011">{{cite journal|last1=Gilchrist|first1=F. J.|last2=Alton|first2=H.|last3=Brundler|first3=M.-A.|last4=Edwards|first4=L.|last5=Plunkett|first5=A.|last6=Rao|first6=S.|title=Pulmonary lymphangitic carcinomatosis presenting as severe interstitial lung disease in a 15-year-old female|journal=European Respiratory Review|volume=20|issue=121|year=2011|pages=208–210|issn=0905-9180|doi=10.1183/09059180.00000911}}</ref>
*There are no specific [[laboratory]] findings associated with lymphangitis carcinomatosa.<ref name="GilchristAlton2011">{{cite journal|last1=Gilchrist|first1=F. J.|last2=Alton|first2=H.|last3=Brundler|first3=M.-A.|last4=Edwards|first4=L.|last5=Plunkett|first5=A.|last6=Rao|first6=S.|title=Pulmonary lymphangitic carcinomatosis presenting as severe interstitial lung disease in a 15-year-old female|journal=European Respiratory Review|volume=20|issue=121|year=2011|pages=208–210|issn=0905-9180|doi=10.1183/09059180.00000911}}</ref>
*Even if [[Histology|histologically]] confirmed, the [[chest radiograph]] is normal in 30–50% of cases.
*Even if [[Histology|histologically]] confirmed, the [[chest radiograph]] is normal in 30–50% of cases.


Line 128: Line 130:
:*Distribution of changes is [[variable]], but most are asymmetric and [[Patching|patchy]]
:*Distribution of changes is [[variable]], but most are asymmetric and [[Patching|patchy]]
:*Usually [[bilateral]] (may be unilateral especially in cases of [[lung]] and [[breast cancer]])
:*Usually [[bilateral]] (may be unilateral especially in cases of [[lung]] and [[breast cancer]])
*[[Radiographic]] [[Appearance|appearances]] can most easily be divided into those due to the involvement of the peripheral and central lymphatic [[Lymphatic system|system]].
*[[Radiographic]] [[Appearance|appearances]] can most easily be divided into those due to the involvement of the peripheral and central lymphatic [[Lymphatic system|system]].<ref name="MunnPadera2014">{{cite journal|last1=Munn|first1=Lance L.|last2=Padera|first2=Timothy P.|title=Imaging the lymphatic system|journal=Microvascular Research|volume=96|year=2014|pages=55–63|issn=00262862|doi=10.1016/j.mvr.2014.06.006}}</ref>
*Involvement may be [[Diffuse|diffusely]] of both, or predominantly of one [[Compartments|compartment]] or the other.
*Involvement may be [[Diffuse|diffusely]] of both, or predominantly of one [[Compartments|compartment]] or the other.
*[[Distribution of terms|Distribution]] of changes is [[variable]], but most are asymmetric and patchy; it is usually [[bilateral]] but may be unilateral, specifically in cases of [[Lung cancer|lung]] and [[breast cancer]].
*[[Distribution of terms|Distribution]] of changes is [[variable]], but most are asymmetric and patchy; it is usually [[bilateral]] but may be unilateral, specifically in cases of [[Lung cancer|lung]] and [[breast cancer]].<ref name="AburtoHerráez2018">{{cite journal|last1=Aburto|first1=Myriam|last2=Herráez|first2=Inmaculada|last3=Iturbe|first3=David|last4=Jiménez-Romero|first4=Ana|title=Diagnosis of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Differential Diagnosis|journal=Medical Sciences|volume=6|issue=3|year=2018|pages=73|issn=2076-3271|doi=10.3390/medsci6030073}}</ref>
 
[[File:Breast-cancer-with-lymphangitis-carcinomatosa.jpg|300px|thumb|none|Left breast mass, mediastinal lymphadenopathy and features of lymphangitis carcinomatosis. In addition scattered bony metastatic lesions are seen in dorsal vertebrae, Case courtesy of Dr Paresh K Desai , Radiopaedia.org, rID: 17917, Case courtesy of Dr Paresh K Desai , <a href="https://radiopaedia.org/">Radiopaedia.org</a>. From the case <a href="https://radiopaedia.org/cases/17917">rID: 17917</a>]]
[[File:Breast-cancer-with-lymphangitis-carcinomatosa.jpg|300px|thumb|none|Left breast mass, mediastinal lymphadenopathy and features of lymphangitis carcinomatosis. In addition scattered bony metastatic lesions are seen in dorsal vertebrae, Case courtesy of Dr Paresh K Desai , Radiopaedia.org, rID: 17917, Case courtesy of Dr Paresh K Desai , <a href="https://radiopaedia.org/">Radiopaedia.org</a>. From the case <a href="https://radiopaedia.org/cases/17917">rID: 17917</a>]]



Latest revision as of 13:48, 31 October 2019

WikiDoc Resources for Lymphangitis carcinomatosa

Articles

Most recent articles on Lymphangitis carcinomatosa

Most cited articles on Lymphangitis carcinomatosa

Review articles on Lymphangitis carcinomatosa

Articles on Lymphangitis carcinomatosa in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ

Media

Powerpoint slides on Lymphangitis carcinomatosa

Images of Lymphangitis carcinomatosa

Photos of Lymphangitis carcinomatosa

Podcasts & MP3s on Lymphangitis carcinomatosa

Videos on Lymphangitis carcinomatosa

Evidence Based Medicine

Cochrane Collaboration on Lymphangitis carcinomatosa

Bandolier on Lymphangitis carcinomatosa

TRIP on Lymphangitis carcinomatosa

Clinical Trials

Ongoing Trials on Lymphangitis carcinomatosa at Clinical Trials.gov

Trial results on Lymphangitis carcinomatosa

Clinical Trials on Lymphangitis carcinomatosa at Google

Guidelines / Policies / Govt

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Lymphangitis carcinomatosa

NICE Guidance on Lymphangitis carcinomatosa

NHS PRODIGY Guidance

FDA on Lymphangitis carcinomatosa

CDC on Lymphangitis carcinomatosa

Books

Books on Lymphangitis carcinomatosa

News

Lymphangitis carcinomatosa in the news

Be alerted to news on Lymphangitis carcinomatosa

News trends on Lymphangitis carcinomatosa

Commentary

Blogs on Lymphangitis carcinomatosa

Definitions

Definitions of Lymphangitis carcinomatosa

Patient Resources / Community

Patient resources on Lymphangitis carcinomatosa

Discussion groups on Lymphangitis carcinomatosa

Patient Handouts on Lymphangitis carcinomatosa

Directions to Hospitals Treating Lymphangitis carcinomatosa

Risk calculators and risk factors for Lymphangitis carcinomatosa

Healthcare Provider Resources

Symptoms of Lymphangitis carcinomatosa

Causes & Risk Factors for Lymphangitis carcinomatosa

Diagnostic studies for Lymphangitis carcinomatosa

Treatment of Lymphangitis carcinomatosa

Continuing Medical Education (CME)

CME Programs on Lymphangitis carcinomatosa

International

Lymphangitis carcinomatosa en Espanol

Lymphangitis carcinomatosa en Francais

Business

Lymphangitis carcinomatosa in the Marketplace

Patents on Lymphangitis carcinomatosa

Experimental / Informatics

List of terms related to Lymphangitis carcinomatosa

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Swathi Venkatesan, M.B.B.S.[2] Sogand Goudarzi, MD [3]

Synonyms and keywords: Lymphangitis carcinomatosis; Pulmonary lymphangitic carcinomatosis

Overview

Lymphangitis carcinomatosa also known as carcinomatous lymphangitis, is an inflammation of the lymph vessels secondary to a malignancy. Lymphangitis carcinomatosa was first discovered by Gabriel Andral, a French pathologist, in 1829. The pathogenesis of lymphangitis carcinomatosa is characterized by the tumoral spread into the lymphatics, following hematogenous seeding of the lungs. The pathogenesis is also characterized by retrograde spread into lymphatics from the mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes in the lungs. Common causes of lymphangitis carcinomatosa include breast cancer (most common), lung cancer, colon cancer, stomach cancer, prostate cancer, cervical cancer, and thyroid cancer. Lymphangitis carcinomatosa is a rare disease. The prevalence of lymphangitis carcinomatosa is approximately 0.03 per 100,000 individuals worldwide. Lymphangitis carcinomatosa is more commonly observed among patients aged between 40 to 49 years old. Computed tomography is the imaging modality of choice for lymphangitis carcinomatosa. On CT, characteristic findings of lymphangitis carcinomatosa include subpleural nodules, thickening on the interlobar fissures, pleural effusion, and hilar and mediastinal nodal enlargement (40-50%). The mainstay therapy for lymphangitis carcinomatosa is systemic chemotherapy (chemotherapeutic regimen depends on the tumor histology).

Historical Perspective

Classification

  • There is no established system for the classification of lymphangitis carcinomatosa.[3]

Pathophysiology

  • No remarkable findings
Poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma within lymphatics surrounding an artery. Yale Rosen from USA [CC BY-SA 2.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0)],https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/34/Metastatic_gastric_adenocarcinoma-lymphangitic_carcinomatosis_%287261944992%29.jpg,https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Metastatic_gastric_adenocarcinoma-lymphangitic_carcinomatosis_(7261944992).jpg

Causes

Differentiating Lymphangitis Carcinomatosa from Other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

  • Lymphangitis carcinomatosa is a rare disease.[12]
  • The prevalence of lymphangitis carcinomatosa is approximately 0.03 per 100,000 individuals worldwide.[13]

Age

Gender

Race

  • There is no racial predilection for lymphangitis carcinomatosa.

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Symptoms

Physical Examination

Auscultation

Percussion

Laboratory Findings

Imaging Findings

Left breast mass, mediastinal lymphadenopathy and features of lymphangitis carcinomatosis. In addition scattered bony metastatic lesions are seen in dorsal vertebrae, Case courtesy of Dr Paresh K Desai , Radiopaedia.org, rID: 17917, Case courtesy of Dr Paresh K Desai , <a href="https://radiopaedia.org/">Radiopaedia.org</a>. From the case <a href="https://radiopaedia.org/cases/17917">rID: 17917</a>

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Prevention

References

  1. Doyle, L (2018). "Gabriel Andral (1797-1876) and the First Reports of Lymphangitis Carcinomatosa". Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. 82 (8): 491–493. doi:10.1177/014107688908200814. ISSN 0141-0768.
  2. Doyle, L (2018). "Gabriel Andral (1797-1876) and the First Reports of Lymphangitis Carcinomatosa". Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. 82 (8): 491–493. doi:10.1177/014107688908200814. ISSN 0141-0768.
  3. Aslam HM, Zhi C, Nadeem M, Arsalan M, Wallach SL (April 2019). "A Case of Rapidly Deteriorating Lymphangitic Carcinomatosis in a Patient with Stage IV Pancreatic Cancer". Cureus. 11 (4): e4421. doi:10.7759/cureus.4421. PMC 6559437 Check |pmc= value (help). PMID 31245208.
  4. 4.0 4.1 Biswas, Abhishek; Sriram, Peruvemba S. (2015). "Getting the Whole Picture: Lymphangitic Carcinomatosis". The American Journal of Medicine. 128 (8): 837–840. doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2015.04.007. ISSN 0002-9343.
  5. Beattie, J.W. (1956). "Lymphangitis carcinomatosa". British Journal of Tuberculosis and Diseases of the Chest. 50 (2): 120–129. doi:10.1016/S0366-0869(56)80046-4. ISSN 0366-0869.
  6. "Lymphangitic carcinomatosis | Radiology Reference Article | Radiopaedia.org".
  7. Moubax, Kim; Wuyts, Wim; Vandecaveye, Vincent; Prenen, Hans (2012). "Pulmonary lymphangitic carcinomatosis as a primary manifestation of gastric carcinoma in a young adult: a case report and review of the literature". BMC Research Notes. 5 (1): 638. doi:10.1186/1756-0500-5-638. ISSN 1756-0500.
  8. 8.0 8.1 8.2 Lymphangitis carcinomatosa. Libre Pathology. https://librepathology.org/wiki/Pulmonary_lymphangitic_carcinomatosis
  9. 9.0 9.1 Thomas, A.; Lenox, R. (2008). "Pulmonary lymphangitic carcinomatosis as a primary manifestation of colon cancer in a young adult". Canadian Medical Association Journal. 179 (4): 338–340. doi:10.1503/cmaj.080142. ISSN 0820-3946.
  10. Aslam, Hafiz M; Zhi, Cassandra; Nadeem, Muhammad; Arsalan, Mohammad; Wallach, Sara L (2019). "A Case of Rapidly Deteriorating Lymphangitic Carcinomatosis in a Patient with Stage IV Pancreatic Cancer". Cureus. doi:10.7759/cureus.4421. ISSN 2168-8184.
  11. Thomas, A.; Lenox, R. (2008). "Pulmonary lymphangitic carcinomatosis as a primary manifestation of colon cancer in a young adult". Canadian Medical Association Journal. 179 (4): 338–340. doi:10.1503/cmaj.080142. ISSN 0820-3946.
  12. Kashihara, Eriko; Kanai, Osamu; Okamura, Misato; Mio, Tadashi (2018). "Cutaneous lymphangitis carcinomatosa made cervicofacial oedema intractable in a patient with superior vena cava syndrome". BMJ Case Reports: bcr-2018–224206. doi:10.1136/bcr-2018-224206. ISSN 1757-790X.
  13. 13.0 13.1 13.2 13.3 13.4 13.5 13.6 13.7 Lymphangitis carcinomatosa. Radiopedia. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/lymphangitic-carcinomatosis
  14. Raja, Anand; Seshadri, Ramakrishnan Ayloor; Sundersingh, Shirley (2011). "Lymphangitis Carcinomatosa: Report of a Case and Review of Literature". Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology. 1 (3): 274–276. doi:10.1007/s13193-011-0047-9. ISSN 0975-7651.
  15. Khachekian, Arsineh; Shargh, Sean; Arabian, Sarkis (2015). "Pulmonary Lymphangitic Carcinomatosis From Metastatic Gastric Adenocarcinoma: Case Report". The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association. 115 (5): 332. doi:10.7556/jaoa.2015.064. ISSN 0098-6151.
  16. Jaswal, Sofia; Ahuja, Vanita; Aggarwal, Deepak; Kaur, Harkirat (2019). "Incidental finding of pulmonary lymphangitis carcinomatosa in a patient of chest trauma". Indian Journal of Anaesthesia. 63 (1): 70. doi:10.4103/ija.IJA_581_18. ISSN 0019-5049.
  17. Raja, Anand; Seshadri, Ramakrishnan Ayloor; Sundersingh, Shirley (2011). "Lymphangitis Carcinomatosa: Report of a Case and Review of Literature". Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology. 1 (3): 274–276. doi:10.1007/s13193-011-0047-9. ISSN 0975-7651.
  18. Gilchrist, F. J.; Alton, H.; Brundler, M.-A.; Edwards, L.; Plunkett, A.; Rao, S. (2011). "Pulmonary lymphangitic carcinomatosis presenting as severe interstitial lung disease in a 15-year-old female". European Respiratory Review. 20 (121): 208–210. doi:10.1183/09059180.00000911. ISSN 0905-9180.
  19. Munn, Lance L.; Padera, Timothy P. (2014). "Imaging the lymphatic system". Microvascular Research. 96: 55–63. doi:10.1016/j.mvr.2014.06.006. ISSN 0026-2862.
  20. Aburto, Myriam; Herráez, Inmaculada; Iturbe, David; Jiménez-Romero, Ana (2018). "Diagnosis of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Differential Diagnosis". Medical Sciences. 6 (3): 73. doi:10.3390/medsci6030073. ISSN 2076-3271.