Hantavirus infection history and symptoms
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Furqan M M. M.B.B.S[2]
Overview
The symptoms of hantavirus infection may include sudden fever, prostration, myalgia, and abdominal discomfort. Pulmonary and hemorrhagic symptoms may also arise in severe disease.
History and symptoms
History
Patient usually presents with history of flu-like illness. History of rodent or rodent dropping contact may be helpful.[1]
Common symptoms
The common symptoms of hantavirus infection are:[2]
Less common symptoms
In severe disease (cardiopulmonary or hemorrhagic fever), hantavirus infection can cause the following symptoms:The common symptoms of hantavirus infection are:[2]
- Dry cough
- Rapidly increasing dyspnea
- Petechiae
- Inflammatory symptoms of the eye
- Acute myopia
- Altered mental status
- Hypotension
Symptomatic stages of Hantavirus hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome
On the basis of symptoms, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome caused by hantavirus infection is divided into the following stages:[2][3][4]
- Prodormal or Febrile phase(3-5 days):It may include
- Hemorrhagic phase(1-2 days): It may include
- Flushing of the face
- Injection of the conjunctiva
- Bleeding from mucous membranes
- Petechial rash
- Nausea and vomiting
- Hypotension
- Confusion
- Cold skin
- Oliguric phase (3-5 days):
- Decreased urine output which may result in renal failure
- Resolution of petechiae and flushing
- Polyuric phase:
- Onset of diuresis
- Clinical improvement
- Convalescent phase (weeks to months):
- Muscle weakness
- Hyposthenuria
- Polyuria
Symptomatic stages of Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome
On the basis of symptoms, cardiopulmonary syndrome caused by hantavirus infection is divided into the following stages:[1][2][3][4]
- Prodormal or febrile stage (3-5 days) : It may include
- Cardiopulmonary phase (5-7 days):
- Polyuric phase (2-3 days):
- Onset of diuresis
- Clinical improvement
- Convalescent phase (months to years):
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Levy H, Simpson SQ (1994). "Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome". Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 149 (6): 1710–3. doi:10.1164/ajrccm.149.6.8004332. PMID 8004332.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Jiang H, Zheng X, Wang L, Du H, Wang P, Bai X (2017). "Hantavirus infection: a global zoonotic challenge". Virol Sin. 32 (1): 32–43. doi:10.1007/s12250-016-3899-x. PMID 28120221.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Lednicky JA (2003). "Hantaviruses. a short review". Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. 127 (1): 30–5. doi:10.1043/0003-9985(2003)127<30:>2.0.CO;2. PMID 12521363.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Sargianou M, Watson DC, Chra P, Papa A, Starakis I, Gogos C, Panos G (2012). "Hantavirus infections for the clinician: from case presentation to diagnosis and treatment". Crit. Rev. Microbiol. 38 (4): 317–29. doi:10.3109/1040841X.2012.673553. PMID 22553984.