A1BG response element negative results

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Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Henry A. Hoff

Def. nucleotide "sequences, usually upstream, which are recognized by specific regulatory transcription factors, thereby causing gene response to various regulatory agents", [that] "may be found in both promoter and enhancer regions"[1] are called response elements.

Hypotheses

  1. A1BG has no response elements in either promoter.
  2. A1BG is not transcribed by a response element.
  3. Each response element does not participate in the transcription of A1BG.

Response element negative results

Response elements not occurring in promoters near A1BG
Name of elements Consensus sequences Testing Notes
Abbreviations variations number of runs per symmetry
Authors
novel ABA-response elements

(ABREN, novel ABRE)

GATCGATC, CGATCGAT, GATCGAT 16 ABREN, CGATCGAT motif, and core of ABREN and CGATCGAT motif.[2]
ABA-response element-like

(ABRE-like)

ACGTGTCC 16 third highest scoring motif[2]
Abf1 regulatory factors CGTCCTCTACG 16 CGTNNNNNACGAT[3]
Activating proteins

(AP-2)

GCCCACGGG 16 Activating protein 2[4]
Activating proteins

(AP-2)

GGCCAA 16 Activating protein 2 (AP-2)[5]
AhR-responsive elements

(AHRE)

(Yao)

(G/T)NGCGTG(A/C)(C/G)A 16 in the promoter region of AhR responsive genes
Alpha-amylase conserved elements TATCCA 16 TATCCATCCATCC[6]
Amino acid response elements

(AARE)

(Maruyama)

ATTGCATCA 16 AARE1 (ATTGCATCA)[7]
Amino acid response elements

(AARE)

(Broer)

TTTGCATCA 16 TTTGCATCA.[8][9]
Amino acid response element-like

(AARE-like)

TGGTGAAAG 16 AARE-like sequence (TGGTGAAAG, named AARE3)[7]
Androgen response elements

(AREs)

(Kouhpayeh)

GGTACANNNTGTTCT[10] 16 GGTACACGGTGTTCT[10]
Androgen response elements

(AREs)

(Wilson)

TGATTCGTGAG 16 AGAACANNNTGTTCT[11]
Antioxidant-electrophile responsive elements GTGAGGTCGC 16 GTGAGGTCGC[12] or GCTGAGT, GCAGGCT of GC(A/C/T)(A/G/T)(A/G/T)(C/G/T)T(A/C)A[13], an antioxidant response element (ARE)
CAAT boxes (C/T)(A/G)(A/G)CCAATC(A/G) 16 consensus sequence for the CCAAT-enhancer-binding site (C/EBP) is TAGCATT
Calcium-response elements CTATTTCGAG 16 CaRE1 CTATTTCGAG[14]
Carbohydrate response elements

(ChREs)

CACGTGACCGGATCTTG, TCCGCCCCCATCACGTG 16 ChoRE1, ChoRE2[15]
Carbon source-responsive elements

(CSREs)

CATTCATCCG 16 confers carbon source-dependent regulation[16]
Cbf1 regulatory factors TCACGTGA 8 strongly bound Cbf1 motifs enriched at both ends with a "T" on the 5′ and "A" on the 3′ end
C-boxes GAGGCCATCT 16 GAGGCCATCT[17]
C/A hybrid boxes TGACGTAT 16 TGACGTAT[18] A at the 12 position
C/T hybrid boxes TGACGTTA 16 TGACGTTA[18] T at the 12 position
CCCTC-binding factors

(CTCF)

NCA-NNA-G(A/G)N-GGC-(A/G)(C/G)(C/T) 16 NCA-NNA-G(G/A)N-GGC-(G/A)(C/G)(T/C)[19]
C/EBP boxes TTAGGACAT,[20] or TAGCATT[5] 16 CCAAT-enhancer-binding site (C/EBP) is TAGCATT
Cell-cycle boxes

(CCBs)

CACGAAAA 16 more relaxed variants are present
Cell cycle regulation CCCAACGGT[6] 16 tomato genome-wide analysis
CENP-B boxes TTTCGTTGGAAGCGGGA 16 specifically localized at the centromere
Coupling elements

(CEs)

TGCCACCGG[2] 16 CE1 (Watanabe)
Constitutive decay elements

(Siegel)

(CDEs)

CCUUCYRYGAAGG, CCTTC(C/T)(A/G)(C/T)GAAGG 16 TTCCATGAA at 128 but no CC or GG at the ends
DAF-16-associated elements

(DAE)

TGATAAG 16 DAF-16-associated element (DAE)[21]
D-boxes

(Mracek1)

GTTGTATAAC 16 GTTGTATAAC[22]
D-boxes

(Mracek)

CTTATGTAAA (Mracek2) 16 CTTATGTAAA[22]
D-boxes

(Johnson)

TCTCACA 16 TCTCACATT(A/C)AATAAGTCA is a D-box.[17]
Defense and stress-responsive elements ATTTTCTTCA 16 (ATTTTCTTCA)[6]
DNA damage response elements

(DREs)

(Smith)

TTTCAAT[23] 16 in the upstream repression sequence (URS)
DNA damage response elements

(DREs)

(Sumrada)

TAGCCGCCG of TAGCCGCCGRRRR[24] 16 in the upstream repression sequence (URS)
DNA replication-related elements

(DREs)

TATCGATA 16 DNA replication-related element (DRE)[25]
DREB boxes TACCGACAT 16 CRT/DREB box
EIF4E basal elements TTACCCCCCCTT 16 poly(C) motif
Endoplasmic reticulum stress response elements

(ERSE)

CCAAT 16 CCAATGGGCTGAAAC between ZNF497 and A1BG, compare CCAAT-box and ERSE
Estrogen response elements

(EREs)

AGGTTA or GGTCAGGAT 16 AGGTTATTGCCTCCT or GGTCAGGATGAC
F boxes TGATAAG[26] 16 F-box overlaps the I-box
Forkhead boxes GTAAACAA[27] 16 GTAAACAA FOXO1
Gal4ps CGGACCGC 16 CGG(A/G)NN(A/G)C(C/T)N(C/T)NCNCCG[28]
Gibberellin responsive element-like 2

(GARE-like 2)

TAACGTA[29] 16 "in the promoters of hydrolase genes".[29]
G boxes (G/T)CCACGTG(G/T)C 16 no "perfect palindrome" G boxes in either promoter
GCN4 motifs TGACTCA, TGAGTCA 16 ACGT motif
Gcn4ps ATGACTCTT[28] 16 GCN4 motifs
GLM boxes (G/A)TGA(G/C)TCA(T/C) 16 GCN4-like motif
γ-interferon activated sequences

(GAS)

TTCCTAGAA 16 ALS-GAS1 between nt −633 and nt −625
Grainy head transcription factor binding sites AACCGGTT 8 also GACTGGTT
GT boxes

(Motojima)

TGGGTGGGGCT 16 (-78 to -69)
Hapless motifs CCAATCA 16 heterotrimeric transcription factor, HAP2/3/4.[30]
Heat-responsive elements AAAAAATTTC 16 four nGAAn motifs
Heat shock elements

(HSE1)

(Eastmond)

nGAAnnTTCnnGAAn 16 HSE1
Heat shock elements

(HSE2)

(Eastmond)

nTTCnnGAAnnTTCn 16 HSE2 is the inverse complement of HSE1
Heat shock elements

(HSE5)

(Eastmond)

nTTCn-(5-bp)-nTTCnnGAAn 16 HSE5
Heat shock elements

(HSE6)

(Eastmond)

nTTCn-nnGAAn-(5-bp)-nGAAn 16 HSE6
Heat shock elements

(HSE7)

(Eastmond)

nGA(A/G)nnTTCnnGAAn 16 HSE7 PFT1
Heat shock elements

(HSE)

(Eastmond)

nGAAnnTTCnnGA(A/G)n 16 HSE7 PFT2
Heat shock elements

(HSE10)

(Eastmond)

nTTCn-(11-bp)-nGAAn-(5 bp)-nGAAn 16 HSE10
Hypoxia-inducible factors GCCCTACGTGCTGTCTCA[31] 16 composed of HIF-1α and HIF-1β
I boxes GATAAG 16 GGATGAGATAAGA
Inositol, choline-responsive elements

(ICRE)

(Case)

CANNTGAAAT 16 version of Lopes, see below
Inositol, choline-responsive elements

(ICRE)

(Lopes)

ATGTGAAAT 16 using ANNTGAAAT
Interferon-stimulated response elements

(ISRE)

(Michalska)

AGTTTCNNTTTCN 16 similar to GAAANNGAAA.[32]
K-boxes GTTCGGNNANCCNNAC 16 GTTCGG-NNAN-CCNNAC[33]
Kozak sequences GCCGCC(A/G)CCATGG 16 GCCGCC(A/G)CCATGG[34]
Kozak sequences

(Matsumoto)

GAAAATGG 16 GAAAATGG[35]
L boxes AAATTAACCAA 16 AAATTAACCAA[36]
Maf recognition element

(MAREs)

TGCTGA(G/C)TCAGCA 16 and TGCTGA(GC/CG)TCAGCA[37]
M boxes GTCATGTGCT 16 or AGTCATGTGCT[38]
Mcm1 regulatory factors TT(A/T)CCNN(A/T)TNGG(A/T)AA 16 Primary consensus sequence apparently: TT(A/T)CCNN(A/T)TNGG(A/T)AA.[3]
Mcm1 regulatory factors

(Rossi)

TTNCCNNNTNNGGNAA 16 Primary consensus sequence apparently: TT(A/T)CCNN(A/T)TNGG(A/T)AA.[3]
Motif ten elements C(C/G)A(A/G)C(C/G)(C/G)AACG(C/G) 16 Gene ID: 6309
NF‐κB/Rel family of eukaryotic transcription factors CCCCTAAGGGG 16 NF-κB
Nuclear factor 1

(NF-1)

TTGGCNNNNNGCCAA 8 palindromic sequence
Nuclear factor Ys CCAATGG(A/C)(A/G) 16 NF-Y is a trimeric complex
p63 DNA binding sites (A/G)(A/G)(A/G)C(A/G)(A/T)G(C/T)(C/T)(C/T)(A/G)(A/G)(A/G)C(A/T)(C/T)G(C/T)(C/T)(C/T) 16 RRRC(A/G)(A/T)GYYYRRRC(A/T)(C/T)GYYY
Pdr1p/Pdr3ps TCCGCGGA 4 Pdr1p/Pdr3p response elements (PDREs)
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha CGACCCCT 16 Or, CGACCGCT.[15]
Peroxisome proliferator hormone response elements

(PPREs)

AGGTCANAGGTCA 16 PPARs/RXRs heterodimers bind to PPRE
Pollen1 with TCCACCATA AGAAANNNNTCCACCATA 16 adjacent co-dependent regulatory element TCCACCATA
Polycomb response elements CGCCAT(A/T)TT 16 CGCCATTT
Rap1 regulatory factors ACCC(A/G)N(A/G)CA 16 "(ACCCRnRCA), less than half of the sites were detectably bound"[3]
Extended Reb1 ATTACCCGAA 16 "extended motif VTTACCCGNH (IUPAC nomenclature) (Rhee and Pugh 2011)."[3]
Rlm1ps CTATATATAG 8 CTA(T/A)4TAG
Rox1ps RRRTAACAAGAG 16 Heme-dependent repressor of hypoxic genes.[28]
Rpn4ps GGTGGCAAA 16 proteasome genes
Seed-specific elements CATGCATG 8 SRE consensus: CAGCAGATTGCG is none
Shoot specific elements GATAATGATG 16 SRE consensus: CAGCAGATTGCG is none
Sip4ps CCGTCCGT 16 CC(C/G)T(C/T)C(C/G)TCCG
Smp1ps ACTACTA 16 5-ACTACTA(T/A)4TAG
SP1

(Long)

GGGGCGGGCC 16 GGGGCGGGCC[15]
Sterol response elements

(Branco)

TCGTATA 16 perhaps plant specific
Sterol response elements

(Yao)

NAGCAGATTGCG 16 liver specific
TATCCAC boxes TATCCAC 16 GA responsive complex component
TCCACCATA elements TCCACCATA 16 adjacent co-dependent regulatory element of POLLEN1
Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate response elements

(TREs)

TGA(G/C)TCA 16 cis-regulatory element of the human metallothionein IIa (hMTIIa) promoter and SV40
TGF-β control elements

(TCEs)

GAGTGGGGCG 16 in mouse and rat, GCGTGGGGGA in humans
TGF-β inhibitory elements

(TIEs)

GAGTGGTGA 16 in the rat transin/stromelysin promoter
Vhr1ps AATCA-N8-TGA(C/T)T 16 "enhanced by low extracellular biotin."[39]
Vitamin D response elements

(VDREs)

A/GGG/TTCAnnnA/GGG/TTCA 16 (A/G)G(G/T)TCANNN(A/G)G(G/T)TCA
X boxes GTTGGCATGGCAAC 16 X2 box is AGGTCCA not ⌘F
X-boxes GT(A/C/T)N(C/T)(C/T)AT(A/G)(A/G)NAAC 16 includes GTTNCCATGGNAAC
Xbp1ps GcCTCGA(G/A)G(C/A)g(a/g) 16 Transcriptional repressor
Xenobiotic response elements

(XREs)

(T/G)NGCGTG(A/C)(G/C)A 16 contains the core sequence GCGTG, see AhR-responsive elements
Y boxes (A/G)CTAACC(A/G)(A/G)(C/T) 16 inverted CAAT box
YY1 binding sites CCATTTA 16 YY1 represses Tug1 transcription[15]
Zap1ps ACCCTCA 16 ACC(C/T)(C/T)(A/C/G/T)AAGGT

Acknowledgements

The content on this page was first contributed by: Henry A. Hoff.

See also

References

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External links

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