Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone

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Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone
ICD-10 E22.2
ICD-9 253.6
DiseasesDB 12050
MedlinePlus 003702
MeSH D007177

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Synonyms and Keywords: SIADH; syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion; inappropriate ADH syndrome; Schwartz-Bartter syndrome.

Overview

Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) was initially described by Leaf and Mamby. SIADH consists of hyponatremia, inappropriately elevated urine osmolality, excessive urine sodium and decreased serum osmolality in a euvolemic patient without edema. These findings should occur in the absence of diuretic treatment with normal cardiac, renal, adrenal, hepatic and thyroid function. Hyponatremia occurs in about 30% of hospitalized patients and SIADH is the most frequent cause of hyponatremia. Differentiating hyponatremia due to SIADH from other causes of hyponatremia becomes essential to evaluate the treatment plan.

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

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Differentiating Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone from other Diseases

Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) was initially described by Leaf and Mamby. [1] SIADH consists of hyponatremia, inappropriately elevated urine osmolality, excessive urine sodium and decreased serum osmolality in a euvolemic patient without edema. These findings should occur in the absence of diuretic treatment with normal cardiac, renal, adrenal, hepatic and thyroid function. Hyponatremia occurs in about 30% of hospitalized patients [2] and SIADH is the most frequent cause of hyponatremia

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | Electrocardiogram | X Ray | CT | MRI | Echocardiography or Ultrasound | Other Imaging Findings | Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy | Surgery | Primary Prevention | Secondary Prevention | Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy | Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

it:Sindrome da inappropriata secrezione di ADH nl:Syndroom van inadequate secretie van antidiuretisch hormoon


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