Menopause causes: Difference between revisions

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Latest revision as of 16:52, 12 February 2021

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Rahmah Al-Edresi, M.D.[2]

Overview

menopause is caused by the increased age of women. But the common causes of premature menopause include Premature ovarian failure, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy and bilateral oophorectomy, salpingo-oophorectomy, and hysterectomy. Less common causes include Autoimmune diseases, diabetes mellitus, Thyroid disease. chronic fatigue syndrome. Genetic causes include Fragile X Syndrome and Turner’s syndrome

Causes

Natural menopause is caused by age, but premature menopause is caused by several causes include

Common causes

Premature ovarian failure/Primary ovarian insufficiency^[1]
Complication of Chemotherapy or radiotherapy.
Surgical causes: bilateral oophorectomy, salpingo-oophorectomy, and hysterectomy.^[2]

Less common causes

Certain health conditions include:

Genetic causes

Fragile X Syndrome.
Missing X chromosomes (Turner’s syndrome)^[4]

References

↑ Hernández-Angeles C, Castelo-Branco C (2016). "Early menopause: A hazard to a woman's health". Indian J Med Res. 143 (4): 420–7. doi:10.4103/0971-5916.184283. PMC 4928547. PMID 27377497.
↑ Secoșan C, Balint O, Pirtea L, Grigoraș D, Bălulescu L, Ilina R (2019). "Surgically Induced Menopause-A Practical Review of Literature". Medicina (Kaunas). 55 (8). doi:10.3390/medicina55080482. PMC 6722518 Check |pmc= value (help). PMID 31416275.
↑ Okeke T, Anyaehie U, Ezenyeaku C (2013). "Premature menopause". Ann Med Health Sci Res. 3 (1): 90–5. PMC 3634232.
↑ Santoro N (2003). "Mechanisms of premature ovarian failure". Ann Endocrinol (Paris). 64 (2): 87–92. PMID 12773939.

Template:WikiDoc Sources

[pmid27377497-1] Hernández-Angeles C, Castelo-Branco C (2016). "Early menopause: A hazard to a woman's health". Indian J Med Res. 143 (4): 420–7. doi:10.4103/0971-5916.184283. PMC 4928547. PMID 27377497.

[pmid31416275-2] Secoșan C, Balint O, Pirtea L, Grigoraș D, Bălulescu L, Ilina R (2019). "Surgically Induced Menopause-A Practical Review of Literature". Medicina (Kaunas). 55 (8). doi:10.3390/medicina55080482. PMC 6722518 Check |pmc= value (help). PMID 31416275.

[3] Okeke T, Anyaehie U, Ezenyeaku C (2013). "Premature menopause". Ann Med Health Sci Res. 3 (1): 90–5. PMC 3634232.

[pmid12773939-4] Santoro N (2003). "Mechanisms of premature ovarian failure". Ann Endocrinol (Paris). 64 (2): 87–92. PMID 12773939.

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[2]

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[4]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 __NOTOC__
 {{Menopause}}
+{{CMG}} {{RA}}
-* {{CMG}}
+==<big>Overview</big>==
+[[menopause]] is caused by the increased [[age]] of [[women]]. But the common [[causes]] of  [[premature menopause]] include [[Premature ovarian failure]], [[chemotherapy]], and [[radiotherapy]] and bilateral [[oophorectomy]], [[salpingo-oophorectomy]], and [[hysterectomy]]. Less common [[causes]] include [[Autoimmune diseases]], [[Diabetes mellitus|diabetes mellitus]], [[Thyroid disease]]. [[chronic fatigue syndrome]].  [[Genetic disorder|Genetic]] causes include [[Fragile X syndrome|Fragile X Syndrome]] and [https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/turner-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20360782#:~:text=Overview,to%20develop%20and%20heart%20defects. Turner’s syndrome]
-== <big>'''Overview'''</big> ==
-Menopause occurs naturally or can be induced, Induced menopause happens as a result of bilateral [[oophorectomy]], [[hysterectomy]], [[salpingo-oophorectomy]], a complication of [[tubal ligation]], complications of treatment, such as [[chemotherapy]] and [[radiotherapy]], [[autoimmune diseases]] such as [[Thyroid diseases|thyroid disease]], [[rheumatoid arthritis]], Turner’s syndrome, myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome, [[polycystic ovary syndrome]], premature ovarian insufficiency Several risk factors accelerate happen early menopause such as undiagnosed and untreated coeliac disease, family history and Cigarette smoking has been found to decrease the age at menopause by as much as one year and women who smoke have early menopause before non-smoking women.<ref>https://www.womenshealth.gov/menopause/early-or-premature-menopause</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menopause#Causes</ref>
-== '''<big>causes</big>''' ==
+==<big>Causes</big>==
+Natural [[menopause]] is caused by [[age]], but [[premature menopause]] is caused by several [[causes]] include
-* '''<big>Age:</big>'''
+===Common causes===
-As women age, physiological menopause happened is the result of the eventual [[atresia]] of almost all oocytes in the ovaries and deficiency of estrogen and progesterone hormone production.
+*[[Premature ovarian failure]]/[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2762081/ Primary ovarian insufficiency]<ref name="pmid27377497">{{cite journal| author=Hernández-Angeles C, Castelo-Branco C| title=Early menopause: A hazard to a woman's health. | journal=Indian J Med Res | year= 2016 | volume= 143 | issue= 4 | pages= 420-7 | pmid=27377497 | doi=10.4103/0971-5916.184283 | pmc=4928547 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27377497  }} </ref>
+*[[Complication]] of [[Chemotherapy]] or [[radiotherapy]].
+*[[Surgery|Surgical]] [[causes]]: bilateral [[oophorectomy]], [[salpingo-oophorectomy]], and [[hysterectomy]].<ref name="pmid31416275">{{cite journal| author=Secoșan C, Balint O, Pirtea L, Grigoraș D, Bălulescu L, Ilina R| title=Surgically Induced Menopause-A Practical Review of Literature. | journal=Medicina (Kaunas) | year= 2019 | volume= 55 | issue= 8 | pages=  | pmid=31416275 | doi=10.3390/medicina55080482 | pmc=6722518 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=31416275  }} </ref>
-* <big>'''Certain health conditions:'''</big>
+===Less common causes===
+Certain [[health]] [[conditions]] include:
-# Autoimmune diseases, such as thyroid disease and rheumatoid arthritis the body’s immune system, attack the ovaries, and keep them from making hormones.
+*[[Autoimmune diseases]]
-# HIV and AIDS, Women with HIV whose infection is not well controlled with medicine may experience early menopause.4 Women with HIV may also have more severe hot flashes than women without HIV.
+*[[Diabetes mellitus|Diabetes Mellitus]]
-# Missing chromosomes, such as Turner’s syndrome, women are born without all or part of one X chromosome, so their ovaries do not form normally at birth and their menstrual cycles, including the time around menopause, may not be normal.
+*[[Thyroid disease]]
-# Chronic fatigue syndrome, Women with chronic fatigue syndrome are more likely to have early or premature menopause.
+*[[Chronic fatigue syndrome]]<ref>{{cite journal| author=Okeke T, Anyaehie U, Ezenyeaku C| title=Premature menopause. | journal=Ann Med Health Sci Res | year= 2013 | volume= 3 | issue= 1 | pages= 90-5 | pmc=3634232 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23634337  }} </ref>
-*<big>'''Chemotherapy or radiotherapy:</big>'''.
+===Genetic causes===
-These cancer treatments can damage your ovaries and cause your periods to stop forever or just for a while.
-*<big>'''Surgical causes:</big>
-#Bilateral oophorectomy and salpingo-oophorectomy, periods will stop after this surgery, and hormone levels will drop quickly with strong menopausal symptoms.
+*[[Fragile X syndrome|Fragile X Syndrome]].
-#Hysterectomy, removal of the uterus, hysterectomy, does not itself cause menopause, although pelvic surgery can sometimes precipitate somewhat earlier menopause, perhaps because of compromised blood supply to the ovaries.Women who have undergone hysterectomy with ovary conservation go through menopause 3.7 years earlier than average.
+*Missing [[X chromosomes]] ([https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/turner-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20360782#:~:text=Overview,to%20develop%20and%20heart%20defects. Turner’s syndrome])<ref name="pmid12773939">{{cite journal| author=Santoro N| title=Mechanisms of premature ovarian failure. | journal=Ann Endocrinol (Paris) | year= 2003 | volume= 64 | issue= 2 | pages= 87-92 | pmid=12773939 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12773939  }} </ref>
-*
-*
-*
-.
 ==References==
 {{reflist|2}}
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-[[Category:Primary care]]
 [[Category:Disease]]
 [[Category:Gynecology]]
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 [[Category:Menopause]]
 [[Category:Menstruation]]
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Menopause causes: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 16:52, 12 February 2021

Overview

Causes

Common causes

Less common causes

Genetic causes

References

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