Gs alpha subunit: Difference between revisions

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The '''G<sub>s</sub> alpha subunit''' ('''G<sub>αs</sub>''', '''G<sub>sα</sub>''', or '''G<sub>s</sub> protein''') is a [[heterotrimeric G protein]] subunit that activates the [[cAMP-dependent pathway]] by activating [[adenylyl cyclase]]. It is one of the three main families of G proteins: [[Gi alpha subunit|G<sub>αi</sub>]]/G<sub>αo</sub>,  [[Gq alpha subunit|G<sub>αq</sub>]], and G<sub>αs</sub>.<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://www.nature.com/nrd/journal/v3/n7/full/nrd1458.html|title=The state of GPCR research in 2004|last=Ellis|first=Claire|date=Jul 2004|journal=Nature Reviews Drug Discovery|doi=10.1038/nrd1458|edition=3|pages=577–626}}</ref> A mnemonic for remembering this subunit is to look at first letter  (G<sub>'''αs'''</sub> = '''A'''denylate Cyclase '''s'''timulator).
The '''G<sub>s</sub> alpha subunit''' ('''G<sub>αs</sub>''', '''G<sub>sα</sub>''', or '''G<sub>s</sub> protein''') is a [[heterotrimeric G protein]] subunit that activates the [[cAMP-dependent pathway]] by activating [[adenylyl cyclase]]. It is one of the three main families of G proteins: [[Gi alpha subunit|G<sub>αi</sub>]]/G<sub>αo</sub>,  [[Gq alpha subunit|G<sub>αq</sub>]], and G<sub>αs</sub>.<ref name="pmid15272499">{{cite journal | vauthors = Ellis C, ((Nature Reviews Drug Discovery GPCR Questionnaire Participants)) | title = The state of GPCR research in 2004 | journal = Nature Reviews. Drug Discovery | volume = 3 | issue = 7 | pages = 575, 577–626 | date = July 2004 | pmid = 15272499 | doi = 10.1038/nrd1458 }}</ref> A mnemonic for remembering this subunit is to look at the first letter  (G<sub>'''αs'''</sub> = '''A'''denylate Cyclase '''s'''timulator).


==Receptors==
==Receptors==
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* [[Gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor]]
* [[Gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor]]
* [[Glucagon receptor]]
* [[Glucagon receptor]]
* [[Growth-hormone-releasing hormone receptor]]
* [[Histamine H2 receptor|Histamine H<sub>2</sub> receptor]]
* [[Histamine H2 receptor|Histamine H<sub>2</sub> receptor]]
* [[Luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor]]
* [[Luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor]]
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The general function of G<sub>s</sub> is to activate [[adenylyl cyclase]], which, in turn, produces [[cyclic AMP|cAMP]], which, in turn activates [[cAMP-dependent protein kinase]]. Further effects of G<sub>s</sub> are thus found in [[function of cAMP-dependent protein kinase]].
The general function of G<sub>s</sub> is to activate [[adenylyl cyclase]], which, in turn, produces [[cyclic AMP|cAMP]], which, in turn activates [[cAMP-dependent protein kinase]]. Further effects of G<sub>s</sub> are thus found in [[function of cAMP-dependent protein kinase]].


It provides a step in [[signal transduction]]. Amplification of the signal occurs for instance because the receptor activates several G<sub>s</sub>.<ref name=neuro155>Page 155 in: {{cite book |author=Purves |title=Neuroscience, 4th Edition |publisher=Sinauer Associates Inc |location= |year=2007 |pages= |isbn=978-0-87893-697-7 |oclc= |doi=}}</ref> However, each G<sub>s</sub> activates only one adenylate cyclase.<ref name=neuro155/>
It provides a step in [[signal transduction]]. Amplification of the signal occurs for instance because the receptor activates several G<sub>s</sub>.<ref name=neuro155>{{cite book | veditors = Purves D, Augustine GJ, Fitzpatrick D, Hall WC, LaMantia AS, White LE |title=Neuroscience |date=2007 |publisher=W. H. Freeman |location=New York |isbn=978-0-87893-697-7 |edition=4th | page = 155 }}</ref> However, each G<sub>s</sub> activates only one adenylate cyclase.<ref name=neuro155/>


==See also==
==See also==
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[[Category:Membrane biology]]
[[Category:Membrane biology]]
[[Category:Peripheral membrane proteins]]
[[Category:Peripheral membrane proteins]]
[[Category:Medical mnemonics]]




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{{biochem-stub}}

Latest revision as of 07:08, 10 January 2019

GNAS complex locus
Identifiers
SymbolGNAS
Alt. symbolsGNAS1
Entrez2778
HUGO4392
OMIM139320
RefSeqNM_000516
UniProtQ5JWF2
Other data
LocusChr. 20 q13.2-13.3

The Gs alpha subunit (Gαs, Gsα, or Gs protein) is a heterotrimeric G protein subunit that activates the cAMP-dependent pathway by activating adenylyl cyclase. It is one of the three main families of G proteins: Gαi/Gαo, Gαq, and Gαs.[1] A mnemonic for remembering this subunit is to look at the first letter (Gαs = Adenylate Cyclase stimulator).

Receptors

The G protein-coupled receptors that couple to this kind of G-protein include:

Function

Main article: function of cAMP-dependent protein kinase

The general function of Gs is to activate adenylyl cyclase, which, in turn, produces cAMP, which, in turn activates cAMP-dependent protein kinase. Further effects of Gs are thus found in function of cAMP-dependent protein kinase.

It provides a step in signal transduction. Amplification of the signal occurs for instance because the receptor activates several Gs.[2] However, each Gs activates only one adenylate cyclase.[2]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Ellis C, Nature Reviews Drug Discovery GPCR Questionnaire Participants (July 2004). "The state of GPCR research in 2004". Nature Reviews. Drug Discovery. 3 (7): 575, 577–626. doi:10.1038/nrd1458. PMID 15272499.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Purves D, Augustine GJ, Fitzpatrick D, Hall WC, LaMantia AS, White LE, eds. (2007). Neuroscience (4th ed.). New York: W. H. Freeman. p. 155. ISBN 978-0-87893-697-7.

External links


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