Sudden cardiac versus non-cardiac death
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Sudden cardiac death Microchapters |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sara Zand, M.D.[2]
Overview
Sudden cardiac death is a natural, rapid, unexpected death secondary to cardiac causes other than conditions such as trauma, drowning. Sudden cardiac arrest is defined as the unexpected cessation of pumping blood into vital organs due to electrical disturbance in the pathway of SA node, AV node, His Purkinje fibers or cardiac pumping failure due to cardiogenic shock, massive pulmonary thromboembolism,fulminant myocarditis, ruptured left ventricular free wall. Without any intervention for immediate restoration of the circulation, biologic death will happen minutes to weeks after cardiac arrest. Sudden cardiac death is responsible for 50% of cardiac death annually in the united state. In-hospital cardiac arrest happens in 290,000 adults annually in the united states. The most common cause of sudden cardiac death is coronary artery disease and atherosclerosis process. The presence of underlying disorders such as malignancy or liver disease at the time of cardiac arrest makes the condition worse. Patients with acute myocardial infarction and in-hospital cardiac arrest with shockable rhythm have a better prognosis. Post cardiopulmonary resuscitation state management should be focused on neurologic complications, hemodynamic stability, and respiratory support.