Sandbox ID Head and Neck: Difference between revisions
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===Otitis media, Acute=== | ===Otitis media, Acute=== | ||
*Otitis media | *Otitis media <ref name="pmid25395494">{{cite journal| author=Siddiq S, Grainger J, Prentice P| title=The diagnosis and management of acute otitis media: American Academy of Pediatrics Guidelines 2013. | journal=Arch Dis Child Educ Pract Ed | year= 2014 | volume= | issue= | pages= | pmid=25395494 | doi=10.1136/archdischild-2013-305550 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25395494 }} </ref> | ||
:*Preferred Regimen : [[Amoxicillin]] 80–90 mg/kg/d bid {{or}} [[Amoxicillin]] 90 mg/kg/d with [[Clavulanate]] 6.4 mg/kg/d | :*Preferred Regimen : [[Amoxicillin]] 80–90 mg/kg/d bid {{or}} [[Amoxicillin]] 90 mg/kg/d with [[Clavulanate]] 6.4 mg/kg/d | ||
:*Alternative Regimen (if allergic to penicillin) : [[Cefdinir]] 14 mg/kg/d qd or bid {{or}} [[Cefuroxime]] 30 mg/kg/d bid {{or}} [[Cefpodoxime]] 10 mg/kg/d bid {{or}} [[Ceftriaxone]] 50 mg/kg IM/IV qd | :*Alternative Regimen (if allergic to penicillin) : [[Cefdinir]] 14 mg/kg/d qd or bid {{or}} [[Cefuroxime]] 30 mg/kg/d bid {{or}} [[Cefpodoxime]] 10 mg/kg/d bid {{or}} [[Ceftriaxone]] 50 mg/kg IM/IV qd | ||
Revision as of 15:22, 8 June 2015
Anthrax, oropharyngeal
Buccal cellulitis
Cervico-facial actinomycosis
- Preferred treatment : High doses (18-24 million units a day) of intravenous penicillin G over two to six weeks, followed by oral penicillin V at a dose of 2-4 g/day for six to 12 months.
- Alternate treatment : Doxycycline, minocycline, clindamycin, and erythromycin are suitable for patients who are allergic to penicillin. Erythromycin is a safe option for pregnant patients.
Deep neck infection
Facial cellulitis
Mastoiditis
Mastoiditis, Acute
- Mastoiditis
- Preferred Regimen : Ceftriaxone 2 gm IV qd OR Levofloxacin 750 mh IV qd
Mastoiditis, Chronic
- Preferred Regimen : Vancomycin (trough: 15–20 mcg/mL) AND Piperacillin-Tazobactam 3.375 g IV q6h
- Alternative Regimen : Vancomycin (trough: 15–20 mcg/mL) AND Ciprofloxacin 400 mg IV q8h
Odontogenic infection
Orbital cellulitis
Oropharyngeal candidiasis
- Preferred treatment : Clotrimazole troches 10 mg 5 times daily OR nystatin suspension or pastilles qid (B-II) OR fluconazole 100–200 mg daily (A-I)
- Alternate treatment : Itraconazole solution 200 mg daily OR posaconazole 400 mg qd (A-II) OR voriconazole 200 mg bid OR AmB oral suspension (B-II) OR IV echinocandin OR AmB-d 0.3 mg/kg daily (B-II) (Fluconazole is recommended for moderate-to-severe disease, and topical therapy with clotrimazole or nystatin is recommended for mild disease. Treat uncomplicated disease for 7–14 days. For refractory disease, itraconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, or AmB suspension is recommended)
Otitis externa
- Otitis externa
- Preferred regimen (1): Acetic acid 2.0% solution (Acetic acid otic)
- Preferred regimen (2): Acetic acid 2.0%, hydrocortisone 1.0% (Acetasol HC)
- Preferred regimen (3): Ciprofloxacin 0.2%, hydrocortisone 1.0% (Cipro HC)
- Preferred regimen (4): Ciprofloxacin 0.3%, dexamethasone 0.1% (Ciprodex)
- Preferred regimen (5): Neomycin, polymyxin B, hydrocortisone (Cortisporin Otic)
- Preferred regimen (6): Ofloxacin 0.3% (Floxin Otic)
Otitis externa, Chronic
- Otitis externa
- Preferred Regimen : Neomycin, polymyxin B, hydrocortisone 4 drops tid or qid AND Selenium sulfide shampoo
Otitis externa, Fungal
- Otitis externa
- Preferred Regimen : Fluconazole 200 mg po x 1 dose, then 100 mg po x 3–5 days
Otitis externa, Malignant
- Otitis externa
- Preferred Regimen : Ciprofloxacin 400 mg IV q8h
- Alternative Regimen : Piperacillin-Tazobactam 3.375g IV q4h AND Tobramycin 3–5 mg/kg/day IV q8h
- Other Regimens for Susceptible Pseudomonas : Imipenem 0.5 g IV q6h OR Meropenem 1 g IV q8h OR Cefepime 2 g IV q12h OR Ceftazidime 2 g IV q8h
Otitis externa, Swimmer's ear
- Otitis externa [1]
- Preferred regimen : Ofloxacin 0.3% solution eardrops bid or [(polymyxin B + neomycin + hydrocortisone) qid] or (Ciprofloxacin + hydrocortisone bid) .
- For acute disease : Dicloxacillin 500 mg po 4x/day. If MRSA a concern, use TMP-SMX, doxycycline or clindamycin
Otitis media
Otitis media, Acute
- Otitis media [2]
- Preferred Regimen : Amoxicillin 80–90 mg/kg/d bid OR Amoxicillin 90 mg/kg/d with Clavulanate 6.4 mg/kg/d
- Alternative Regimen (if allergic to penicillin) : Cefdinir 14 mg/kg/d qd or bid OR Cefuroxime 30 mg/kg/d bid OR Cefpodoxime 10 mg/kg/d bid OR Ceftriaxone 50 mg/kg IM/IV qd
Otitis media, Post-intubation
Otitis media, Prophylaxis
Otitis media, Treatment failure
- Otitis media
- Preferred Regimen : Amoxicillin 90 mg/kg/d with Clavulanate 6.4 mg/kg/d OR Ceftriaxone 50 mg/kg IM/IV qd
- Alternative Regimen : Clindamycin 30–40 mg/kg/d tid ± 3° Cephalosporin ± Tympanocentesis
Parotitis
Juvenile Recurrent Parotitis
- ↑ Dohar JE (2003). "Evolution of management approaches for otitis externa". Pediatr Infect Dis J. 22 (4): 299–305, quiz 306-8. doi:10.1097/01.inf.0000059444.02851.1e. PMID 12690268.
- ↑ Siddiq S, Grainger J, Prentice P (2014). "The diagnosis and management of acute otitis media: American Academy of Pediatrics Guidelines 2013". Arch Dis Child Educ Pract Ed. doi:10.1136/archdischild-2013-305550. PMID 25395494.