Zika virus infection (patient information): Difference between revisions

	Zika virus infection
Overview
What are the symptoms?
What are the causes?
Diagnosis
Treatment options
Where to find medical care for Zika virus infection?
Does Zika virus infection cause Guillan-Barre syndrome?
Prevention
Travel Notice
Zika virus infection On the Web
Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov
Images of Zika virus infection
Videos on Zika virus infection
FDA on Zika virus infection
CDC on Zika virus infection
Zika virus infection in the news
Blogs on Zika virus infection
Directions to Hospitals Treating Zika virus infection
Risk calculators and risk factors for Zika virus infection

VisualWikitext

Latest revision as of 00:46, 30 July 2020

For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click here

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Yazan Daaboul, M.D., Nate Michalak, B.A., Serge Korjian M.D., Tarek Nafee, M.D. [2]

Overview

Zika virus causes an illness in humans called Zika virus infection (also known as Zika fever).
Zika viruses are usually transmitted to humans via a mosquito bite, from the Aedes mosquito. However, Zika virus may also be transmitted from humans to other humans by exchanging body fluids, which often occurs during sexual intercourse or after blood transfusion.
Zika virus is very contagious.
It was once thought that Zika virus infection is rare. New observations have shown that the initial estimates of the frequency of the disease has been underestimated in the past.
Zika virus is thought to be responsible for serious complications in newborns characterized by incomplete brain development (microcephaly).

What are the symptoms of Zika virus infection?

You can become infected with Zika virus more than once and show symptoms many times. Symptoms usually occur within hours or a few days after you are infected with Zika virus. It usually takes a couple of days (usually up to a week) before you are better. Symptoms of Zika virus infection include:

What causes Zika virus infection?

The virus that causes Zika virus infection is Zika virus (ZIKV). Zika virus is usually found in developing countries and is usually implicated outbreaks after people travel to endemic areas. Zika viruses are usually transmitted to humans via a mosquito bite, from the Aedes mosquito. However, Zika virus may also be transmitted from humans to other humans by exchanging body fluids, which often occurs during sexual intercourse or after blood transfusion.

Diagnosis

Your health care provider can use laboratory tests to diagnose Zika virus infection. The symptoms of Zika virus resemble symptoms of other viral infections, and making a diagnosis without laboratory testing is usually difficult.

Treatment options

The best treatments for Zika virus infection are to get plenty of bed rest and drinking lots of fluids. If Zika virus infection is suspected, do not take medications without asking your doctor. Ask your doctor if you can take medications to drop your temperature or to alleviate your pain, some over-the-counter medications may be harmful for you. Since Zika virus infection is a viral infection, antibiotics have no effect. Antiviral drugs are not recommended for Zika virus infection since the majority of infected persons will improve without treatment.

Where to find medical care for Zika virus infection?

Directions to Hospitals Treating Zika virus infection

Does Zika virus infection cause Guillan-Barre syndrome?

An association has been established between Guillan-Barre syndrome (GBS) and Zika virus infection.
It is difficult to determine if any particular pathogen or germ “causes” Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS).
The Brazil Ministry of Health has reported an increased number of people who have been infected with Zika virus who also have GBS.
CDC is working with Brazil to study the possibility of a link between Zika and GBS.
Zika outbreak in Colombia has been linked with confirmed GBS cases, hence supporting the idea that Zika Virus is associated with GBS.

Prevention

There are no vaccines available to prevent Zika virus infection. Many researchers are currently working to develop a Zika vaccine. Since the virus is usually transmitted through mosquitoes, effective measures to avoid mosquito bites include using insect repellent, installing mosquito bed nets and window/door screens, wearing long sleeves and long pants, and removing potential breeding sites from indoor/outdoor premises. Once infected, persons may be re-infected in the future. Aerial spraying of insecticide to kill mosquitos is recommended by the CDC in areas with high numbers of Zika cases.

If infected with Zika, how long should one wait before getting pregnant?

Once infected with Zika and the infection is cleared, there is currently no evidence showing that any future pregnancies are at risk. However, the CDC has provided the following guideline for family planning if you or your partner have been infected with Zika:

Presence of Symptoms	Women	Men
How Long to Wait Before Attempting to Have a Baby in Zika Affected areas
Zika symptoms	At least 8 weeks after symptoms start	At least 6 months after symptoms start
No Zika symptoms	Talk with doctor or healthcare provider	Talk with doctor or healthcare provider

Read the CDC infographic on pregnancy and birth defects objectives here

Travel Notice

Travel within the United States


CDC ALERT - LEVEL 2 - Practice Enhanced Precautions ^{as of August 5th, 2016}

For the first time in history, the CDC has issued a travel warning within the United States. The warning applies to travelers within the South Florida and Texas in the following areas:
- Miami-Dade county, Florida
- Brownsville, Texas

Travel to Cape Verde


CDC ALERT - LEVEL 2 - Practice Enhanced Precautions ^{as of February 19th, 2016}

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Cape Verde reported the first local transmission of Zika virus infection (Zika) in October 2015.

Travel to the Caribbean


CDC ALERT - LEVEL 2 - Practice Enhanced Precautions ^{as of February 19th, 2016}

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the first local transmission of Zika virus infection (Zika) was reported in the Caribbean in December 2015.
Since then, the following Caribbean destinations have reported ongoing transmission of Zika:

Aruba
Barbados
Bonaire
Curaçao
Dominican Republic
Guadeloupe
Haiti
Jamaica
Martinique
The Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, a U.S. territory
Saint Martin
U.S. Virgin Islands

Travel to Central America


CDC ALERT - LEVEL 2 - Practice Enhanced Precautions ^{as of February 19th, 2016}

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the first local transmission of Zika virus infection (Zika) was reported in Central America in November 2015.

Costa Rica
El Salvador
Guatemala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Panama

Travel to Mexico


CDC ALERT - LEVEL 2 - Practice Enhanced Precautions ^{as of February 19th, 2016}

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the first local transmission of Zika virus infection (Zika) was reported in Mexico in November 2015.

Travel to Pacific Islands


CDC ALERT - LEVEL 2 - Practice Enhanced Precautions ^{as of February 19th, 2016}

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the first local transmission of Zika virus infection (Zika) was reported in Samoa in November 2015.
The following destinations in the Pacific Islands have reported ongoing transmission of Zika:

American Samoa
Samoa
Tonga

Travel to South America


CDC ALERT - LEVEL 2 - Practice Enhanced Precautions ^{as of February 19th, 2016}

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the first local transmission of Zika virus infection (Zika) was reported in South America in November 2015.

Bolivia
Brazil
Colombia
Ecuador
French Guiana
Guyana
Paraguay
Suriname
Venezuela

How Can Travelers Protect Themselves From Mosquito Bites

What type of insect repellent should I use?

For Protection Against Ticks and Mosquitoes

Use a repellent that contains 20% or more DEET for protection that lasts up to several hours. Products containing DEET include Off!, Cutter, Sawyer, and Ultrathon

For Protection Against Mosquitoes Only

Products with one of the following active ingredients can also help prevent mosquito bites. Higher percentages of active ingredient provide longer protection.

DEET
Picaridin (also known as KBR 3023, Bayrepel, and icaridin. Products containing picaridin include Cutter Advanced, Skin So Soft Bug Guard Plus, and Autan [outside the US])
Oil of lemon eucalyptus (OLE) or PMD (Products containing OLE include Repel and Off! Botanicals)
IR3535 (Products containing IR3535 include Skin So Soft Bug Guard Plus Expedition and SkinSmart)

Always follow product directions and reapply as directed

If you are also using sunscreen, apply sunscreen first and insect repellent second
Follow package directions when applying repellent on children. Avoid applying repellent to their hands, eyes, and mouth

Consider using permethrin-treated clothing and gear (such as boots, pants, socks, and tents). You can buy pre-treated clothing and gear or treat them yourself

Treated clothing remains protective after multiple washings. See the product information to find out how long the protection will last
If treating items yourself, follow the product instructions carefully
Do not use permethrin directly on skin

What other steps should I take to prevent bug bites?

Prevent Mosquito Bites

Cover exposed skin by wearing long-sleeved shirts, long pants, and hats
Stay and sleep in screened or air-conditioned rooms
Use a bed net if the area where you are sleeping is exposed to the outdoors

What Should I Do If I Am Bitten By Bugs?

If You are Bitten By a Mosquito:

Avoid scratching mosquito bites
Apply hydrocortisone cream or calamine lotion to reduce itching

Sources

Courtesy: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases virus/Pages/Default.aspx
Courtesy: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [3]

@@ Line 3: / Line 3: @@
 '''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click [[Zika virus infection|here]]'''
-{{CMG}}
+{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{YD}}, {{NRM}}, {{SSK}}, {{TarekNafee}}
 ==Overview==
-Noroviruses, including Norwalk, Snow Mountain, and Hawaii viruses, cause an illness in humans called [[gastroenteritis]]. Gastroenteritis is an [[inflammation]] of the [[stomach]] and [[intestine]]s. Sometimes misnamed "stomach flu," gastroenteritis is not related to flu (influenza), a respiratory illness caused by [[influenza virus]].
+*Zika virus causes an illness in humans called [[Zika virus infection]] (also known as Zika fever).
+*Zika viruses are usually transmitted to humans via a [[mosquito]] bite, from the ''Aedes'' [[mosquito]]. However, Zika virus may also be transmitted from humans to other humans by exchanging body fluids, which often occurs during sexual intercourse or after [[blood transfusion]].
+*Zika virus is very [[contagious]].
+*It was once thought that Zika virus infection is rare. New observations have shown that the initial estimates of the frequency of the disease has been underestimated in the past.
+*Zika virus is thought to be responsible for serious complications in newborns characterized by incomplete brain development ([[microcephaly]]).
-Noroviruses are very [[contagious]]. They usually are found in [[contamination|contaminated]] food or drinks, but they also can live on surfaces or be spread through contact with an infected person. Each year in the United States, 23 million norovirus infections result in an estimated 50,000 hospitalizations and 310 deaths, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
+==What are the symptoms of Zika virus infection?==
+You can become infected with Zika virus more than once and show [[symptom]]s many times. Symptoms usually occur within hours or a few days after you are infected with Zika virus. It usually takes a couple of days (usually up to a week) before you are better. Symptoms of Zika virus infection include:
-==What are the symptoms of Norovirus infection?==
+*[[Fever]]
-Because there are so many types of noroviruses, you can become infected and show [[symptom]]s many times. Symptoms usually develop within hours or a few days after you are infected with a norovirus. It usually takes a couple of days before you are better. Symptoms of [[gastroenteritis]] caused by noroviruses can include:
+*[[Rash]]
+*[[Loss of appetite]]
-*[[Nausea]]
+*[[Joint aches]] and/or [[muscle aches]]
-*[[Abdominal cramps]]
 *[[Vomiting]]
-*[[Diarrhea]]
+*[[Diarrhea]] or [[constipation]]
-*[[Headache]]
+*[[Back pain]]
 *[[Fatigue]]
-*[[Fever]]
+*[[Red eye]] ([[conjunctivitis]]) and [[eye pain]]
 *[[Muscle aches]]
-==What causes Norovirus infection?==
+==What causes Zika virus infection?==
-The main viruses that cause [[gastroenteritis]] used to be called "Norwalk-like viruses" because Norwalk is the most well-known virus in this group. Now the viruses are referred to as noroviruses. Noroviruses are not new, but interest in them is growing as researchers learn how frequently they make people sick. Norovirus [[infection]]s are implicated in newsworthy descriptions of outbreaks on military and cruise ships and in hotels, restaurants, daycare centers, nursing homes, and hospitals. [[Decontamination]] of these places has proved to be challenging. Noroviruses are not related to [[bacteria]] or [[parasite]]s that also can cause [[gastrointestinal]] illnesses.
+The [[virus]] that causes Zika virus infection is Zika virus (ZIKV). Zika virus is usually found in developing countries and is usually implicated [[outbreaks]] after people travel to [[endemic]] areas. Zika viruses are usually transmitted to humans via a [[mosquito]] bite, from the ''Aedes'' mosquito. However, Zika virus may also be transmitted from humans to other humans by exchanging body fluids, which often occurs during sexual intercourse or after blood transfusion.
 ==Diagnosis==
-Your [[health care provider]] can use laboratory tests to diagnose norovirus infection, but these tests are not used routinely. Usually, your healthcare provider will diagnose it by examining you and noting your symptoms.
+Your [[health care provider]] can use laboratory tests to diagnose Zika virus infection. The symptoms of Zika virus resemble symptoms of other viral infections, and making a diagnosis without laboratory testing is usually difficult.
 ==Treatment options==
-The best treatments for norovirus infection are to get plenty of bed rest and drink lots of fluids. To prevent [[dehydration]] (severe loss of body fluids), your healthcare provider may give you specific instructions about the type of fluids you should drink. You should not take [[antibiotics]] for norovirus infection because they have no effect on viruses. If your infant or child has [[diarrhea]], you should contact a healthcare provider immediately for treatment advice.
+The best treatments for Zika virus [[infection]] are to get plenty of bed rest and drinking lots of fluids. If Zika virus infection is suspected, do not take medications without asking your doctor. Ask your doctor if you can take medications to drop your temperature or to alleviate your pain, some over-the-counter medications may be harmful for you. Since Zika virus infection is a [[viral]] infection, [[antibiotics]] have no effect. Antiviral drugs are not recommended for Zika virus infection since the majority of infected persons will improve without treatment.
-==Where to find medical care for Norovirus infection?==
+==Where to find medical care for Zika virus infection?==
-[http://maps.google.com/maps?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|map+top+hospital+Condition}}}}&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&hl=en&tab=wl Directions to Hospitals Treating Norovirus infection]
+[http://maps.google.com/maps?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|map+top+hospital+Condition}}}}&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&hl=en&tab=wl Directions to Hospitals Treating Zika virus infection]
+==Does Zika virus infection cause Guillan-Barre syndrome?==
+*An association has been established between Guillan-Barre syndrome (GBS) and Zika virus infection.
+*It is difficult to determine if any particular pathogen or germ “causes” [[Guillain-Barré syndrome]] (GBS).
+*The Brazil Ministry of Health has reported an increased number of people who have been infected with Zika virus who also have GBS.
+*CDC is working with Brazil to study the possibility of a link between Zika and GBS.
+*Zika outbreak in Colombia has been linked with confirmed GBS cases, hence supporting the idea that Zika Virus is associated with GBS.
 ==Prevention==
-To prevent norovirus you should:
+There are no [[vaccines]] available to prevent Zika virus [[infection]]. Many researchers are currently working to develop a Zika [[vaccine]].
-*Wash your hands with soap and water frequently. This is especially important for food handlers and caregivers.
+Since the virus is usually transmitted through mosquitoes, effective measures to avoid mosquito bites include using insect repellent, installing mosquito bed nets and window/door screens, wearing long sleeves and long pants, and removing potential breeding sites from indoor/outdoor premises. Once infected, persons may be re-infected in the future. Aerial spraying of insecticide to kill mosquitos is recommended by the CDC in areas with high numbers of Zika cases.
-*Prepare fresh and frozen foods safely, including thoroughly washing fresh produce.
-*Disinfect [[contamination|contaminated]] surfaces in your kitchen and bathrooms with household chlorine bleach-based cleaners to kill viruses resting on surfaces.
+==If infected with Zika, how long should one wait before getting pregnant?==
-*Wash contaminated clothing, diapers, sheets, and towels promptly in hot water (above 140ºF) and/or with bleach.
+Once infected with Zika and the infection is cleared, there is currently no evidence showing that any future pregnancies are at risk. However, the CDC has provided the following guideline for family planning if you or your partner have been infected with Zika:
-*Choose wisely when eating or drinking outside your home. If you aren't sure whether the food or water is safe, avoid it.
+{|
-In addition, you should not prepare food for others if you have norovirus infection. Currently, there is no [[vaccine]] to protect you from norovirus [[infection]]s.
+| colspan="3" style="background: #4479BA; text-align: center;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|'''How Long to Wait Before Attempting to Have a Baby in Zika Affected areas'''}}
+|-
+! style="width: 180px; background: #4479BA; text-align: center;" |{{fontcolor|#FFF|Presence of Symptoms}}
+! style="width: 250px; background: #4479BA; text-align: center;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Women}}
+! style="width: 250px; background: #4479BA; text-align: center;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Men}}
+|-
+| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 20px; text-align: center;" | '''Zika symptoms'''
+| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px;" | At least 8 weeks after symptoms start
+| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px;" | At least 6 months after symptoms start
+|-
+| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 20px; text-align: center;" | '''No Zika symptoms'''
+| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px;" | Talk with doctor or healthcare provider
+| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px;" | Talk with doctor or healthcare provider
+|}
+<span style=color:FireBrick>'''Read the CDC infographic on pregnancy and birth defects objectives <u>[http://www.cdc.gov/zika/pdfs/zika-draft-interim-conus-plan.pdf here]</u>'''</span>
+==Travel Notice==
+===Travel within the United States===
+{| border="1" style="border-collapse:collapse; text-align:left;" cellpadding="5"
+|+
+| bgcolor="#FFD700"|
+'''CDC ALERT - LEVEL 2 - Practice Enhanced Precautions'''<br><SMALL><sup>as of August 5th, 2016</sup></SMALL>
+|}
+*For the first time in history, the [[CDC]] has issued a travel warning within the United States. The warning applies to travelers within the South Florida and Texas in the following areas:
+**Miami-Dade county, Florida
+**Brownsville, Texas
+===Travel to Cape Verde===
+{| border="1" style="border-collapse:collapse; text-align:left;" cellpadding="5"
+|+
+| bgcolor="#FFD700"|
+'''CDC ALERT - LEVEL 2 - Practice Enhanced Precautions'''<br><SMALL><sup>as of February 19th, 2016</sup></SMALL>
+|}
+*According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ([[CDC]]), Cape Verde reported the first local [[transmission]] of Zika virus infection (Zika) in October 2015.
+===Travel to the Caribbean===
+{| border="1" style="border-collapse:collapse; text-align:left;" cellpadding="5"
+|+
+| bgcolor="#FFD700"|
+'''CDC ALERT - LEVEL 2 - Practice Enhanced Precautions'''<br><SMALL><sup>as of February 19th, 2016</sup></SMALL>
+|}
+*According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ([[CDC]]), the first local transmission of Zika virus infection (Zika) was reported in the Caribbean in December 2015.
+*Since then, the following Caribbean destinations have reported ongoing transmission of Zika:
+:*Aruba
+:*Barbados
+:*Bonaire
+:*Curaçao
+:*Dominican Republic
+:*Guadeloupe
+:*Haiti
+:*Jamaica
+:*Martinique
+:*The Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, a U.S. territory
+:*Saint Martin
+:*U.S. Virgin Islands
+===Travel to Central America===
+{| border="1" style="border-collapse:collapse; text-align:left;" cellpadding="5"
+|+
+| bgcolor="#FFD700"|
+'''CDC ALERT - LEVEL 2 - Practice Enhanced Precautions'''<br><SMALL><sup>as of February 19th, 2016</sup></SMALL>
+|}
+*According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ([[CDC]]), the first local transmission of Zika virus infection (Zika) was reported in Central America in November 2015.
+:*Costa Rica
+:*El Salvador
+:*Guatemala
+:*Honduras
+:*Nicaragua
+:*Panama
+===Travel to Mexico===
+{| border="1" style="border-collapse:collapse; text-align:left;" cellpadding="5"
+|+
+| bgcolor="#FFD700"|
+'''CDC ALERT - LEVEL 2 - Practice Enhanced Precautions'''<br><SMALL><sup>as of February 19th, 2016</sup></SMALL>
+|}
+*According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the first local [[transmission]] of Zika virus infection (Zika) was reported in Mexico in November 2015.
+===Travel to Pacific Islands===
+{| border="1" style="border-collapse:collapse; text-align:left;" cellpadding="5"
+|+
+| bgcolor="#FFD700"|
+'''CDC ALERT - LEVEL 2 - Practice Enhanced Precautions'''<br><SMALL><sup>as of February 19th, 2016</sup></SMALL>
+|}
+*According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ([[CDC]]), the first local [[transmission]] of Zika virus infection (Zika) was reported in Samoa in November 2015.
+*The following destinations in the Pacific Islands have reported ongoing transmission of Zika:
+:*American Samoa
+:*Samoa
+:*Tonga
+===Travel to South America===
+{| border="1" style="border-collapse:collapse; text-align:left;" cellpadding="5"
+|+
+| bgcolor="#FFD700"|
+'''CDC ALERT - LEVEL 2 - Practice Enhanced Precautions'''<br><SMALL><sup>as of February 19th, 2016</sup></SMALL>
+|}
+*According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ([[CDC]]), the first local transmission of Zika virus infection (Zika) was reported in South America in November 2015.
+:*Bolivia
+:*Brazil
+:*Colombia
+:*Ecuador
+:*French Guiana
+:*Guyana
+:*Paraguay
+:*Suriname
+:*Venezuela
+==How Can Travelers Protect Themselves From Mosquito Bites==
+===What type of insect repellent should I use?===
+'''For Protection Against Ticks and [[Mosquitoes]]'''
+*Use a repellent that contains 20% or more DEET for protection that lasts up to several hours. Products containing DEET include Off!, Cutter, Sawyer, and Ultrathon
+'''For Protection Against Mosquitoes Only'''
+*Products with one of the following active ingredients can also help prevent [[mosquito]] bites. Higher percentages of active ingredient provide longer protection.
+:*DEET
+:*Picaridin (also known as KBR 3023, Bayrepel, and icaridin. Products containing picaridin include Cutter Advanced, Skin So Soft Bug Guard Plus, and Autan [outside the US])
+:*Oil of lemon eucalyptus (OLE) or PMD (Products containing OLE include Repel and Off! Botanicals)
+:*IR3535 (Products containing IR3535 include Skin So Soft Bug Guard Plus Expedition and SkinSmart)
+*Always follow product directions and reapply as directed
+:*If you are also using sunscreen, apply sunscreen first and insect repellent second
+:*Follow package directions when applying repellent on children. Avoid applying repellent to their hands, eyes, and mouth
+*Consider using permethrin-treated clothing and gear (such as boots, pants, socks, and tents). You can buy pre-treated clothing and gear or treat them yourself
+:*Treated clothing remains protective after multiple washings. See the product information to find out how long the protection will last
+:*If treating items yourself, follow the product instructions carefully
+:*Do not use permethrin directly on skin
+===What other steps should I take to prevent bug bites?===
+'''Prevent Mosquito Bites'''
+*Cover exposed skin by wearing long-sleeved shirts, long pants, and hats
+*Stay and sleep in screened or air-conditioned rooms
+*Use a bed net if the area where you are sleeping is exposed to the outdoors
+===What Should I Do If I Am Bitten By Bugs?===
+'''If You are Bitten By a Mosquito:'''
+*Avoid scratching [[mosquito]] bites
+*Apply hydrocortisone cream or [[calamine lotion]] to reduce [[itching]]
 ==Sources==
-* Courtesy: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [http://www.niaid.nih.gov/topics/norovirus/Pages/Default.aspx]
+* Courtesy: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [http://www.niaid.nih.gov/topics/zika virus/Pages/Default.aspx]
+* Courtesy: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [http://www.cdc.gov/zika/]
 [[Category:Patient information]]
 [[Category:Disease]]
+[[Category:Viral diseases]]
+[[Category:Emergency mdicine]]
+[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
 [[Category:Infectious disease]]
-[[Category:Viral diseases]]
+[[Category:Dermatology]]
-{{WS}}
+[[Category:Pulmonology]]
-{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{NRM}}
+[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
+[[Category:Neurology]]