Bowel obstruction natural history, complications and prognosis: Difference between revisions
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{{Bowel obstruction}} | {{Bowel obstruction}} | ||
{{CMG}} | {{CMG}};{{AE}}{{HM}} | ||
==Overview== | |||
If left untreated, 85% of patients with complete bowel obstruction may progress to develop [[ischemia]], [[necrosis]], and [[gangrene]]. Common complications of bowel obstruction include bowel [[ischemia]], [[Gastrointestinal perforation|bowel perforation]], [[gangrene]] and [[sepsis]]. Prognosis is generally excellent for non-ischemic bowel obstruction, and the [[mortality rate]] of patients with bowel obstruction is approximately 4 per 100,000. In contrast, prognosis for ischemic bowel obstruction is approximately 600 per 100,000. | |||
==Complications== | ==Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis== | ||
===Natural History=== | |||
*The symptoms of bowel obstruction include [[Nausea and vomiting|nausea]], [[Nausea and vomiting|vomiting]], [[constipation]] and [[abdominal pain]] and commonly manifests acutely or can be chronic.<ref name="pmid10971435">{{cite journal |vauthors=Miller G, Boman J, Shrier I, Gordon PH |title=Natural history of patients with adhesive small bowel obstruction |journal=Br J Surg |volume=87 |issue=9 |pages=1240–7 |year=2000 |pmid=10971435 |doi=10.1046/j.1365-2168.2000.01530.x |url=}}</ref> | |||
*If left untreated, 85% of patients with may progress to develop bowel [[ischemia]], bowel [[necrosis]], and [[sepsis]]. | |||
===Complications=== | |||
*Common complications of bowel obstruction include:<ref name="pmid10749614">{{cite journal |vauthors=Fevang BT, Fevang J, Stangeland L, Soreide O, Svanes K, Viste A |title=Complications and death after surgical treatment of small bowel obstruction: A 35-year institutional experience |journal=Ann. Surg. |volume=231 |issue=4 |pages=529–37 |year=2000 |pmid=10749614 |pmc=1421029 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | |||
**Bowel [[ischemia]] | |||
**[[Gastrointestinal perforation|Bowel perforation]] | |||
**[[Gangrene]] | |||
**[[Sepsis]] | |||
***Mostly, with [[Gram-negative bacteria|gram negative]] organisms such as [[Escherichia coli|E.coli]] | |||
**[[Dehydration]] | |||
**[[Electrolyte disturbance|Electrolyte imbalance]] | |||
***Mostly [[hypokalemia]] and [[alkalosis]] | |||
**[[Renal insufficiency|Kidney failure]] | |||
**[[Intra-abdominal abscess]] | |||
**[[Short bowel syndrome]] | |||
***A malabsorption disorder | |||
===Prognosis=== | |||
*Prognosis is generally excellent for non-ischemic bowel obstruction, and the [[mortality rate]] of patients with bowel obstruction is approximately 4 per 100,000.<ref name="pmid10749614">{{cite journal |vauthors=Fevang BT, Fevang J, Stangeland L, Soreide O, Svanes K, Viste A |title=Complications and death after surgical treatment of small bowel obstruction: A 35-year institutional experience |journal=Ann. Surg. |volume=231 |issue=4 |pages=529–37 |year=2000 |pmid=10749614 |pmc=1421029 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | |||
*In contrast, prognosis for ischemic bowel obstruction is approximately 60 per 100,000. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
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Latest revision as of 16:14, 28 February 2018
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Hadeel Maksoud M.D.[2]
Overview
If left untreated, 85% of patients with complete bowel obstruction may progress to develop ischemia, necrosis, and gangrene. Common complications of bowel obstruction include bowel ischemia, bowel perforation, gangrene and sepsis. Prognosis is generally excellent for non-ischemic bowel obstruction, and the mortality rate of patients with bowel obstruction is approximately 4 per 100,000. In contrast, prognosis for ischemic bowel obstruction is approximately 600 per 100,000.
Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis
Natural History
- The symptoms of bowel obstruction include nausea, vomiting, constipation and abdominal pain and commonly manifests acutely or can be chronic.[1]
- If left untreated, 85% of patients with may progress to develop bowel ischemia, bowel necrosis, and sepsis.
Complications
- Common complications of bowel obstruction include:[2]
- Bowel ischemia
- Bowel perforation
- Gangrene
- Sepsis
- Mostly, with gram negative organisms such as E.coli
- Dehydration
- Electrolyte imbalance
- Mostly hypokalemia and alkalosis
- Kidney failure
- Intra-abdominal abscess
- Short bowel syndrome
- A malabsorption disorder
Prognosis
- Prognosis is generally excellent for non-ischemic bowel obstruction, and the mortality rate of patients with bowel obstruction is approximately 4 per 100,000.[2]
- In contrast, prognosis for ischemic bowel obstruction is approximately 60 per 100,000.
References
- ↑ Miller G, Boman J, Shrier I, Gordon PH (2000). "Natural history of patients with adhesive small bowel obstruction". Br J Surg. 87 (9): 1240–7. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2168.2000.01530.x. PMID 10971435.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Fevang BT, Fevang J, Stangeland L, Soreide O, Svanes K, Viste A (2000). "Complications and death after surgical treatment of small bowel obstruction: A 35-year institutional experience". Ann. Surg. 231 (4): 529–37. PMC 1421029. PMID 10749614.