Pneumothorax causes
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Hamid Qazi, MD, BSc [2]
Overview
Pneumothorax can occur as part of medical procedures, such as the insertion of a central venous catheter in the subclavian vein or jugular vein. While rare, it is considered a serious complication and needs immediate treatment. Other causes include mechanical ventilation, emphysema and rarely other lung diseases such as pneumonia.
Causes
Pneumothorax can occur as part of medical procedures, such as the insertion of a central venous catheter in the subclavian vein or jugular vein. While rare, it is a serious complication and needs immediate treatment. Other causes include mechanical ventilation, emphysema and rarely other lung diseases such as pneumonia.[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]
Common Causes
Less Common Causes
- Female gender
- Low body weight
- Homocystinuria
- Marijuana smoking
Causes by Organ System
| Cardiovascular | Pulmonary embolism |
| Chemical / poisoning | No underlying causes |
| Dermatologic | Dermatomyositis |
| Drug Side Effect | Cidofovir, dornase alfa, pentamidine isethionate, pramipexole |
| Ear Nose Throat | No underlying causes |
| Endocrine | No underlying causes |
| Environmental | No underlying causes |
| Gastroenterologic | No underlying causes |
| Genetic | Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, homocystinuria, Marfan syndrome, pseudoxanthoma elasticum, cystic fibrosis |
| Hematologic | No underlying causes |
| Iatrogenic | Acupuncture, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, central venous catheter, lung biopsy, mechanical ventilation, positive end expiratory pressure |
| Infectious Disease | Bacterial pneumonia with abscess, coccidiomycosis, echinococcosis, lung abscess, lung infection, measles, paragonimiasis, pneumoconiosis, pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, pneumonia, tuberculosis , whooping cough, hydatid lung disease |
| Musculoskeletal / Ortho | Polymyositis, dermatomyositis, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, Marfan syndrome, ankylosing spondylitis, rib fracture |
| Neurologic | No underlying causes |
| Nutritional / Metabolic | Homocystinuria |
| Obstetric/Gynecologic | Catamenial pneumothorax , endometriosis |
| Oncologic | Bronchogenic carcinoma, lung cancer |
| Opthalmologic | No underlying causes |
| Overdose / Toxicity | No underlying causes |
| Psychiatric | No underlying causes |
| Pulmonary | Adult respiratory distress syndrome, bronchial asthma, bronchogenic carcinoma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, coal worker pneumoconiosis, congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation, congenital lobar emphysema, cystic fibrosis, emphysema, eosinophilic granuloma, histiocytosis X, hydatid lung disease, lung cancer, lung cavity, lung fistula , lymphangioleiomyomatosis, meconium aspiration syndrome, pleuropulmonary blastoma, pulmonary embolism, pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary hemosiderosis, pulmonary lymphangiomatoid granulomatosis, respiratory distress syndrome (neonatal), rheumatoid lung disease, rupture of cysts, sleep apnea, subpleural blebs, primary spontaneous pneumothorax, Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome, lung abscess, Lung infection, catamenial pneumothorax , tension pneumothorax |
| Renal / Electrolyte | Bilateral renal agenesis, Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome |
| Rheum / Immune / Allergy | Ankylosing spondylitis, sarcoidosis, systemic sclerosis, rheumatoid lung disease |
| Sexual | No underlying causes |
| Trauma | Barotrauma, blunt trauma, flail chest, gunshot wound, lung injury, penetrating chest injury, rib fracture, tension pneumothorax |
| Urologic | No underlying causes |
| Dental | No underlying causes |
| Miscellaneous | Air travel, decompression sickness, deployment of vehicle's air bag, excessively deep breath, forceful outburst of laughing, foreign body inhalation, idiopathic, mountain climbing at high altitudes, scuba diving, sudden chest compression |
Causes in Alphabetical Order
- Acupuncture
- Adult respiratory distress syndrome
- Air travel
- Ankylosing spondylitis
- Bacterial pneumonia with abscess
- Barotrauma
- Bilateral renal agenesis
- Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome
- Blunt trauma
- Bronchial asthma
- Bronchogenic carcinoma
- Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
- Catamenial pneumothorax
- Central venous catheter
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- Cidofovir
- Coal worker pneumoconiosis
- Coccidiomycosis
- Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation
- Congenital lobar emphysema
- Cystic fibrosis
- Decompression sickness
- Deployment of vehicle's air bag
- Dermatomyositis
- Echinococcosis
- Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
- Emphysema
- Endometriosis
- Eosinophilic granuloma
- Excessively deep breath
- Flail chest
- Forceful outburst of laughing
- Foreign body inhalation
- Gunshot wound
- Histiocytosis X
- Homocystinuria
- Hydatid lung disease
- Idiopathic
- Lung abscess
- Lung biopsy
- Lung cancer
- Lung cavity
- Lung fistula
- Lung infection
- Lung injury
- Lymphangioleiomyomatosis
- Marfan syndrome
- Measles
- Mechanical ventilation
- Meconium aspiration syndrome
- Mountain climbing at high altitudes
- Paragonimiasis
- Penetrating chest injury
- Pleuropulmonary blastoma
- Pneumoconiosis
- Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia
- Pneumonia
- Polymyositis
- Positive end expiratory pressure
- Primary spontaneous pneumothorax
- Pseudoxanthoma elasticum
- Pulmonary embolism
- Pulmonary fibrosis
- Pulmonary hemosiderosis
- Pulmonary lymphangiomatoid granulomatosis
- Respiratory distress syndrome (neonatal)
- Rheumatoid lung disease
- Rib fracture
- Rupture of cysts
- Sarcoidosis
- Scuba diving
- Sleep apnea
- Subpleural blebs
- Sudden chest compression
- Systemic sclerosis
- Tension pneumothorax
- Tuberculosis
- Whooping cough
References
- ↑ Tsotsolis N, Tsirgogianni K, Kioumis I, Pitsiou G, Baka S, Papaiwannou A; et al. (2015). "Pneumothorax as a complication of central venous catheter insertion". Ann Transl Med. 3 (3): 40. doi:10.3978/j.issn.2305-5839.2015.02.11. PMC 4356862. PMID 25815301.
- ↑ Bense, László; Eklund, Gunnar; Wiman, Lars-Gösta (1987). "Smoking and the Increased Risk of Contracting Spontaneous Pneumothorax". Chest. 92 (6): 1009–1012. doi:10.1378/chest.92.6.1009. ISSN 0012-3692.
- ↑ Lippert HL, Lund O, Blegvad S, Larsen HV (1991). "Independent risk factors for cumulative recurrence rate after first spontaneous pneumothorax". Eur Respir J. 4 (3): 324–31. PMID 1864347.
- ↑ Lindskog, Gustaf E. (1957). "Spontaneous Pneumothorax". A.M.A. Archives of Surgery. 75 (5): 693. doi:10.1001/archsurg.1957.01280170003001. ISSN 0096-6908.
- ↑ Melton LJ, Hepper NG, Offord KP (1981). "Influence of height on the risk of spontaneous pneumothorax". Mayo Clin Proc. 56 (11): 678–82. PMID 7300447.
- ↑ Sadikot RT, Greene T, Meadows K, Arnold AG (1997). "Recurrence of primary spontaneous pneumothorax". Thorax. 52 (9): 805–9. PMC 1758641. PMID 9371212.
- ↑ GUO, Yubiao; XIE, Canmao; RODRIGUEZ, R. Michael; LIGHT, Richard W. (2005). "Factors related to recurrence of spontaneous pneumothorax". Respirology. 10 (3): 378–384. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1843.2005.00715.x. ISSN 1323-7799.
- ↑ Gupta D, Mishra S, Faruqi S, Aggarwal AN (2006). "Aetiology and clinical profile of spontaneous pneumothorax in adults". Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci. 48 (4): 261–4. PMID 16970292.