Pericarditis history and symptoms
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2] Homa Najafi, M.D.[3]
Overview
Patients with pericarditis commonly present with chest pain that changes with position, cough, fever, breathlessness, and fatigue are the other common symptoms. Less common symptoms include palpitations, hiccup, odynophagia, faint, dizziness, and abdominal pain which is seen mostly in children.
Common Symptoms
Common symptoms of pericarditis include:[1][2][3][4][5]
- Chest pain is the most common symptom. It often radiates to the back and is relieved by sitting up and leaning forward and is worsened by lying down. Causes of pain include inflammation of the pericardium, phrenic nerves, and the nearby pleura. The pain is often initially sharp in nature, but it can be described as sticking, dull, aching, or pressure-like. Deep inspiration and cough can increase the pain so that the patient may sit upright for relief.
- Cough (either dry or productive)
- Fever
- Fatigue
- Anxiety
- Breathlessness
Less Common Symptoms
Less symptoms of pericarditis include:[1][6][7]
- Pain along the trapezius ridge(s), when present is very characteristic of pericarditis. The pain of myocardial infarction tends to involve the anterior precordium with radiation to the left arm.
- Palpitations
- Hiccup (rarely)
- Odynophagia with or without dysphagia
- Faintness and dizziness (uncommon unless cardiac tamponade is present)
- Abdominal pain (particularly in children)
Rapidity of Symptom Onset
The rapidity of symptom onset may provide insight into the underlying etiology of pericarditis. For example, pericarditis associated with both uremia and tuberculosis develops more slowly and can be undetectable until it presents as a fever of unknown origin. On the other hand, both bacterial and viral pericarditis develop rapidly and can present as rapidly increasing pain over several hours.[8][9][10]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Klein, Allan L.; Abbara, Suhny; Agler, Deborah A.; Appleton, Christopher P.; Asher, Craig R.; Hoit, Brian; Hung, Judy; Garcia, Mario J.; Kronzon, Itzhak; Oh, Jae K.; Rodriguez, E. Rene; Schaff, Hartzell V.; Schoenhagen, Paul; Tan, Carmela D.; White, Richard D. (2013). "American Society of Echocardiography Clinical Recommendations for Multimodality Cardiovascular Imaging of Patients with Pericardial Disease". Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography. 26 (9): 965–1012.e15. doi:10.1016/j.echo.2013.06.023. ISSN 0894-7317.
- ↑ Imazio, Massimo (2012). "Contemporary management of pericardial diseases". Current Opinion in Cardiology. 27 (3): 308–317. doi:10.1097/HCO.0b013e3283524fbe. ISSN 0268-4705.
- ↑ Imazio, Massimo; Gaita, Fiorenzo (2015). "Diagnosis and treatment of pericarditis". Heart. 101 (14): 1159–1168. doi:10.1136/heartjnl-2014-306362. ISSN 1355-6037.
- ↑ Imazio, M. (2011). "Pericardial involvement in systemic inflammatory diseases". Heart. 97 (22): 1882–1892. doi:10.1136/heartjnl-2011-300054. ISSN 1355-6037.
- ↑ Imazio, Massimo; Brucato, Antonio; Maestroni, Silvia; Cumetti, Davide; Belli, Riccardo; Trinchero, Rita; Adler, Yehuda (2011). "Risk of Constrictive Pericarditis After Acute Pericarditis". Circulation. 124 (11): 1270–1275. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.018580. ISSN 0009-7322.
- ↑ Niraj S. Doctor, Ankit B. Shah, Neil Coplan & Itzhak Kronzon (2017). "Acute Pericarditis". Progress in cardiovascular diseases. 59 (4): 349–359. doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2016.12.001. PMID 27956197. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ J. Soler-Soler, G. Permanyer-Miralda & J. Sagrista-Sauleda (1990). "A systematic diagnostic approach to primary acute pericardial disease. The Barcelona experience". Cardiology clinics. 8 (4): 609–620. PMID 2249215. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Comty, Christina M. (1971). "Pericarditis in Chronic Uremia and Its Sequels". Annals of Internal Medicine. 75 (2): 173. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-75-2-173. ISSN 0003-4819.
- ↑ Imazio, Massimo; Trinchero, Rita (2007). "Triage and management of acute pericarditis". International Journal of Cardiology. 118 (3): 286–294. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2006.07.100. ISSN 0167-5273.
- ↑ Mayosi, Bongani M.; Burgess, Lesley J.; Doubell, Anton F. (2005). "Tuberculous Pericarditis". Circulation. 112 (23): 3608–3616. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.543066. ISSN 0009-7322.