Aortic dissection natural history, complications and prognosis

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Aortic dissection Microchapters

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Overview

Historical Perspective

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Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Aortic dissection from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

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Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Study of Choice

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Management during Pregnancy

Case Studies

Case #1


Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2] Sahar Memar Montazerin, M.D.[3]

Overview

The symptoms of aortic dissection usually develop in the fifth decade of life and start with symptoms such as sudden onset chest/back pain. If left untreated, patients with aortic dissection may progress to develop aortic regurgitation, myocardial ischemia, and cardiac tamponade. The complications of aortic dissection include but not limited to aortic rupture, pericardial tamponade, myocardial ischemia, compression of nearby organs and etc. Aortic dissection carries a poor prognosis. Mortality rate differs based on the type of dissection and is higher in type A compared to type B (25% versus 12%).

Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis

Natural History

Complications

The complications of aortic dissection include:[2][3][4][5][6][7]

Cardiovascualr Complications

Neurologic Complications
Compression of Nearby Organs

Prognosis

  • Aortic dissection carries a poor prognosis.[8]
  • Mortality rate differs based on the type of dissection and is higher in type A compared to type B (25% versus 12%).

References

  1. Juang, Derek; Braverman, Alan C.; Eagle, Kim (2008). "Aortic Dissection". Circulation. 118 (14). doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.799908. ISSN 0009-7322.
  2. Cambria, Richard P.; Brewster, David C.; Gertler, Jonathan; Moncure, Ashby C.; Gusberg, Richard; Tilson, M.David; Darling, R.Clement; Hammond, Grahme; Megerman, Joseph; Abbott, William M. (1988). "Vascular complications associated with spontaneous aortic dissection". Journal of Vascular Surgery. 7 (2): 199–209. doi:10.1016/0741-5214(88)90137-1. ISSN 0741-5214.
  3. Fadahunsi, Opeyemi; Romeo, Michael (2014). "Cardiac tamponade – presentation of type A aortic dissection". Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives. 4 (5): 25449. doi:10.3402/jchimp.v4.25449. ISSN 2000-9666.
  4. Cai, Jingjing; Cao, Yu; Yuan, Hong; Yang, Kan; Zhu, Yuan-Shan (2012). "Inferior myocardial infarction secondary to aortic dissection associated with bicuspid aortic valve". Journal of Cardiovascular Disease Research. 3 (2): 138–142. doi:10.4103/0975-3583.95370. ISSN 0975-3583.
  5. Siegelman, Stanley S.; Sprayregen, Seymour; Strasberg, Zeno; Attai, Lari A.; Robinson, George (1970). "Aortic Dissection and the Left Renal Artery". Radiology. 95 (1): 73–78. doi:10.1148/95.1.73. ISSN 0033-8419.
  6. Blanco, M.; Díez-Tejedor, E.; Larrea, J. L.; Ramírez, U. (1999). "Neurologic complications of type I aortic dissection". Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. 99 (4): 232–235. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1999.tb07352.x. ISSN 0001-6314.
  7. Arata, Kenichi; Imagama, Itsumi; Shigehisa, Yoshiya; Mukaihara, Kousuke; Toyokawa, Kenji; Matsuba, Tomoyuki; Imoto, Yutaka (2015). "Aortic Fenestration for Type B Chronic Aortic Dissection Complicated with Lower Limb Malperfusion Induced by Walking Exercise". Annals of Vascular Diseases. 8 (1): 29–32. doi:10.3400/avd.cr.14-00101. ISSN 1881-641X.
  8. "Correspondence". The Annals of Thoracic Surgery. 67 (2): 593. 1999. doi:10.1016/S0003-4975(99)00037-5. ISSN 0003-4975.

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