Cofilin 1: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
m (Robot: Automated text replacement (-{{WikiDoc Cardiology Network Infobox}} +, -<references /> +{{reflist|2}}, -{{reflist}} +{{reflist|2}}))
 
m (Bot: HTTP→HTTPS)
 
Line 1: Line 1:
<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{Infobox_gene}}
{{PBB_Controls
'''Cofilin 1 (non-muscle; n-cofilin)''', also known as '''CFL1''', is a human [[gene]], part of the [[Cofilin|ADF/cofilin]] family.
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
}}


<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
Cofilin is a widely distributed intracellular [[actin]]-modulating protein that binds and depolymerizes filamentous F-actin and inhibits the polymerization of monomeric G-actin in a pH-dependent manner. It is involved in the translocation of actin-cofilin complex from [[cytoplasm]] to nucleus.<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: CFL1 cofilin 1 (non-muscle)| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=1072| accessdate = }}</ref>
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = PBB_Protein_CFL1_image.jpg
| image_source = [[Protein_Data_Bank|PDB]] rendering based on 1q8g.
| PDB = {{PDB2|1q8g}}, {{PDB2|1q8x}}
| Name = Cofilin 1 (non-muscle)
| HGNCid = 1874
| Symbol = CFL1
| AltSymbols =; CFL
| OMIM = 601442
| ECnumber = 
| Homologene = 39624
| MGIid = 101757
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_CFL1_200021_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0003779 |text = actin binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005515 |text = protein binding}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005622 |text = intracellular}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005634 |text = nucleus}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005737 |text = cytoplasm}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005856 |text = cytoskeleton}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006916 |text = anti-apoptosis}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007266 |text = Rho protein signal transduction}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0030036 |text = actin cytoskeleton organization and biogenesis}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
    | Hs_EntrezGene = 1072
    | Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000172757
    | Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_005498
    | Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_005507
    | Hs_GenLoc_db = 
    | Hs_GenLoc_chr = 11
    | Hs_GenLoc_start = 65378884
    | Hs_GenLoc_end = 65383462
    | Hs_Uniprot = P23528
    | Mm_EntrezGene = 12631
    | Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000056201
    | Mm_RefseqmRNA = XM_979959
    | Mm_RefseqProtein = XP_985053
    | Mm_GenLoc_db = 
    | Mm_GenLoc_chr = 19
    | Mm_GenLoc_start = 5492497
    | Mm_GenLoc_end = 5495201
    | Mm_Uniprot = Q544Y7
  }}
}}
'''Cofilin 1 (non-muscle)''', also known as '''CFL1''', is a human [[gene]].


<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
One group reports that [[reelin]] signaling leads to serine3-[[phosphorylation]] of cofilin-1, and this interaction may play a role in the reelin-related regulation of neuronal migration.<!--
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = Cofilin is a widely distributed intracellular actin-modulating protein that binds and depolymerizes filamentous F-actin and inhibits the polymerization of monomeric G-actin in a pH-dependent manner. It is involved in the translocation of actin-cofilin complex from cytoplasm to nucleus.[supplied by OMIM]<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: CFL1 cofilin 1 (non-muscle)| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=1072| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}


==References==
--><ref name="pmid19129405">{{cite journal | vauthors = Chai X, Förster E, Zhao S, Bock HH, Frotscher M | title = Reelin stabilizes the actin cytoskeleton of neuronal processes by inducing n-cofilin phosphorylation at serine3 | journal = [[J. Neurosci.]] | volume = 29 | issue = 1 | pages = 288–99 | date = January 2009 | pmid = 19129405 | doi = 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2934-08.2009 | url = http://www.jneurosci.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=19129405 }}</ref><ref name="pmid19396394">{{cite journal | vauthors = Frotscher M, Chai X, Bock HH, Haas CA, Förster E, Zhao S | title = Role of Reelin in the development and maintenance of cortical lamination | journal = [[J Neural Transm]] | volume = 116 | issue = 11 | pages = 1451–5 | date = April 2009 | pmid = 19396394 | doi = 10.1007/s00702-009-0228-7 }}</ref>
{{reflist|2}}
 
==Further reading==
== Interactions ==
 
Cofilin 1 has been shown to [[Protein-protein interaction|interact]] with [[HSPH1]]<ref name=pmid14733918>{{cite journal | vauthors = Saito Y, Doi K, Yamagishi N, Ishihara K, Hatayama T | title = Screening of Hsp105alpha-binding proteins using yeast and bacterial two-hybrid systems | journal = Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | volume = 314 | issue = 2 | pages = 396–402 | date = Feb 2004 | pmid = 14733918 | doi = 10.1016/j.bbrc.2003.12.108 }}</ref> and [[LIMK1]].<ref name=pmid12963706>{{cite journal | vauthors = Foletta VC, Lim MA, Soosairajah J, Kelly AP, Stanley EG, Shannon M, He W, Das S, Massague J, Bernard O, Soosairaiah J | title = Direct signaling by the BMP type II receptor via the cytoskeletal regulator LIMK1 | journal = J. Cell Biol. | volume = 162 | issue = 6 | pages = 1089–98 | date = Sep 2003 | pmid = 12963706 | pmc = 2172847 | doi = 10.1083/jcb.200212060 }}</ref><ref name=pmid10436159>{{cite journal | vauthors = Maekawa M, Ishizaki T, Boku S, Watanabe N, Fujita A, Iwamatsu A, Obinata T, Ohashi K, Mizuno K, Narumiya S | title = Signaling from Rho to the actin cytoskeleton through protein kinases ROCK and LIM-kinase | journal = [[Science (journal)|Science]] | volume = 285 | issue = 5429 | pages = 895–8 | date = Aug 1999 | pmid = 10436159 | doi = 10.1126/science.285.5429.895 }}</ref>
 
== References ==
{{reflist}}
 
== Further reading ==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Maciver SK, Hussey PJ | title = The ADF/cofilin family: actin-remodeling proteins | journal = Genome Biol. | volume = 3 | issue = 5 | pages = reviews3007 | year = 2002 | pmid = 12049672 | pmc = 139363 | doi = 10.1186/gb-2002-3-5-reviews3007 }}
| citations =
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Samstag Y, Nebl G | title = Interaction of cofilin with the serine phosphatases PP1 and PP2A in normal and neoplastic human T lymphocytes | journal = Adv. Enzyme Regul. | volume = 43 | issue =  | pages = 197–211 | year = 2004 | pmid = 12791392 | doi = 10.1016/S0065-2571(02)00031-6 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Maciver SK, Hussey PJ |title=The ADF/cofilin family: actin-remodeling proteins. |journal=Genome Biol. |volume=3 |issue= 5 |pages= reviews3007 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12049672 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Ogawa K, Tashima M, Yumoto Y, Okuda T, Sawada H, Okuma M, Maruyama Y | title = Coding sequence of human placenta cofilin cDNA | journal = Nucleic Acids Res. | volume = 18 | issue = 23 | pages = 7169 | year = 1991 | pmid = 2263493 | pmc = 332815 | doi = 10.1093/nar/18.23.7169 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Samstag Y, Nebl G |title=Interaction of cofilin with the serine phosphatases PP1 and PP2A in normal and neoplastic human T lymphocytes. |journal=Adv. Enzyme Regul. |volume=43 |issue=  |pages= 197-211 |year= 2004 |pmid= 12791392 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = van der Steege G, Draaijers TG, Grootscholten PM, Osinga J, Anzevino R, Velonà I, Den Dunnen JT, Scheffer H, Brahe C, van Ommen GJ | title = A provisional transcript map of the spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) critical region | journal = Eur. J. Hum. Genet. | volume = 3 | issue = 2 | pages = 87–95 | year = 1995 | pmid = 7552146 | doi =  }}
*{{cite journal | author=Ogawa K, Tashima M, Yumoto Y, ''et al.'' |title=Coding sequence of human placenta cofilin cDNA. |journal=Nucleic Acids Res. |volume=18 |issue= 23 |pages= 7169 |year= 1991 |pmid= 2263493 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Davidson MM, Haslam RJ | title = Dephosphorylation of cofilin in stimulated platelets: roles for a GTP-binding protein and Ca2+ | journal = Biochem. J. | volume = 301 ( Pt 1) | issue = Pt 1 | pages = 41–7 | year = 1994 | pmid = 8037689 | pmc = 1137140 | doi =  }}
*{{cite journal | author=van der Steege G, Draaijers TG, Grootscholten PM, ''et al.'' |title=A provisional transcript map of the spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) critical region. |journal=Eur. J. Hum. Genet. |volume=3 |issue= 2 |pages= 87-95 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7552146 |doi=  }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Ono S, Minami N, Abe H, Obinata T | title = Characterization of a novel cofilin isoform that is predominantly expressed in mammalian skeletal muscle | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 269 | issue = 21 | pages = 15280–6 | year = 1994 | pmid = 8195165 | doi =  }}
*{{cite journal | author=Davidson MM, Haslam RJ |title=Dephosphorylation of cofilin in stimulated platelets: roles for a GTP-binding protein and Ca2+. |journal=Biochem. J. |volume=301 ( Pt 1) |issue= |pages= 41-7 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8037689 |doi=  }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Abe H, Nagaoka R, Obinata T | title = Cytoplasmic localization and nuclear transport of cofilin in cultured myotubes | journal = Exp. Cell Res. | volume = 206 | issue = 1 | pages = 1–10 | year = 1993 | pmid = 8482351 | doi = 10.1006/excr.1993.1113 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Ono S, Minami N, Abe H, Obinata T |title=Characterization of a novel cofilin isoform that is predominantly expressed in mammalian skeletal muscle. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=269 |issue= 21 |pages= 15280-6 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8195165 |doi=  }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Gillett GT, Fox MF, Rowe PS, Casimir CM, Povey S | title = Mapping of human non-muscle type cofilin (CFL1) to chromosome 11q13 and muscle-type cofilin (CFL2) to chromosome 14 | journal = Ann. Hum. Genet. | volume = 60 | issue = Pt 3 | pages = 201–11 | year = 1996 | pmid = 8800436 | doi = 10.1111/j.1469-1809.1996.tb00423.x }}
*{{cite journal | author=Abe H, Nagaoka R, Obinata T |title=Cytoplasmic localization and nuclear transport of cofilin in cultured myotubes. |journal=Exp. Cell Res. |volume=206 |issue= 1 |pages= 1-10 |year= 1993 |pmid= 8482351 |doi= 10.1006/excr.1993.1113 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Okada K, Takano-Ohmuro H, Obinata T, Abe H | title = Dephosphorylation of cofilin in polymorphonuclear leukocytes derived from peripheral blood | journal = Exp. Cell Res. | volume = 227 | issue = 1 | pages = 116–22 | year = 1996 | pmid = 8806458 | doi = 10.1006/excr.1996.0256 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Gillett GT, Fox MF, Rowe PS, ''et al.'' |title=Mapping of human non-muscle type cofilin (CFL1) to chromosome 11q13 and muscle-type cofilin (CFL2) to chromosome 14. |journal=Ann. Hum. Genet. |volume=60 |issue= Pt 3 |pages= 201-11 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8800436 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Nebl G, Meuer SC, Samstag Y | title = Dephosphorylation of serine 3 regulates nuclear translocation of cofilin | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 271 | issue = 42 | pages = 26276–80 | year = 1996 | pmid = 8824278 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.271.42.26276 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Okada K, Takano-Ohmuro H, Obinata T, Abe H |title=Dephosphorylation of cofilin in polymorphonuclear leukocytes derived from peripheral blood. |journal=Exp. Cell Res. |volume=227 |issue= 1 |pages= 116-22 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8806458 |doi= 10.1006/excr.1996.0256 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB | title = Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery | journal = Genome Res. | volume = 6 | issue = 9 | pages = 791–806 | year = 1997 | pmid = 8889548 | doi = 10.1101/gr.6.9.791 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Nebl G, Meuer SC, Samstag Y |title=Dephosphorylation of serine 3 regulates nuclear translocation of cofilin. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=271 |issue= 42 |pages= 26276-80 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8824278 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Ott DE, Coren LV, Kane BP, Busch LK, Johnson DG, Sowder RC, Chertova EN, Arthur LO, Henderson LE | title = Cytoskeletal proteins inside human immunodeficiency virus type 1 virions | journal = J. Virol. | volume = 70 | issue = 11 | pages = 7734–43 | year = 1996 | pmid = 8892894 | pmc = 190843 | doi =  }}
*{{cite journal | author=Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB |title=Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery. |journal=Genome Res. |volume=6 |issue= 9 |pages= 791-806 |year= 1997 |pmid= 8889548 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Yang N, Higuchi O, Ohashi K, Nagata K, Wada A, Kangawa K, Nishida E, Mizuno K | title = Cofilin phosphorylation by LIM-kinase 1 and its role in Rac-mediated actin reorganization | journal = Nature | volume = 393 | issue = 6687 | pages = 809–12 | year = 1998 | pmid = 9655398 | doi = 10.1038/31735 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Ott DE, Coren LV, Kane BP, ''et al.'' |title=Cytoskeletal proteins inside human immunodeficiency virus type 1 virions. |journal=J. Virol. |volume=70 |issue= 11 |pages= 7734-43 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8892894 |doi=  }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Rodal AA, Tetreault JW, Lappalainen P, Drubin DG, Amberg DC | title = Aip1p Interacts with Cofilin to Disassemble Actin Filaments | journal = J. Cell Biol. | volume = 145 | issue = 6 | pages = 1251–64 | year = 1999 | pmid = 10366597 | pmc = 2133144 | doi = 10.1083/jcb.145.6.1251 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Yang N, Higuchi O, Ohashi K, ''et al.'' |title=Cofilin phosphorylation by LIM-kinase 1 and its role in Rac-mediated actin reorganization. |journal=Nature |volume=393 |issue= 6687 |pages= 809-12 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9655398 |doi= 10.1038/31735 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Maekawa M, Ishizaki T, Boku S, Watanabe N, Fujita A, Iwamatsu A, Obinata T, Ohashi K, Mizuno K, Narumiya S | title = Signaling from Rho to the actin cytoskeleton through protein kinases ROCK and LIM-kinase | journal = Science | volume = 285 | issue = 5429 | pages = 895–8 | year = 1999 | pmid = 10436159 | doi = 10.1126/science.285.5429.895 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Rodal AA, Tetreault JW, Lappalainen P, ''et al.'' |title=Aip1p interacts with cofilin to disassemble actin filaments. |journal=J. Cell Biol. |volume=145 |issue= 6 |pages= 1251-64 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10366597 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Sumi T, Matsumoto K, Takai Y, Nakamura T | title = Cofilin Phosphorylation and Actin Cytoskeletal Dynamics Regulated by Rho- and Cdc42-Activated Lim-Kinase 2 | journal = J. Cell Biol. | volume = 147 | issue = 7 | pages = 1519–32 | year = 2000 | pmid = 10613909 | pmc = 2174243 | doi = 10.1083/jcb.147.7.1519 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Maekawa M, Ishizaki T, Boku S, ''et al.'' |title=Signaling from Rho to the actin cytoskeleton through protein kinases ROCK and LIM-kinase. |journal=Science |volume=285 |issue= 5429 |pages= 895-8 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10436159 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Adachi R, Matsui S, Kinoshita M, Nagaishi K, Sasaki H, Kasahara T, Suzuki K | title = Nitric oxide induces chemotaxis of neutrophil-like HL-60 cells and translocation of cofilin to plasma membranes | journal = Int. J. Immunopharmacol. | volume = 22 | issue = 11 | pages = 855–64 | year = 2001 | pmid = 11090694 | doi = 10.1016/S0192-0561(00)00045-X }}
*{{cite journal | author=Sumi T, Matsumoto K, Takai Y, Nakamura T |title=Cofilin phosphorylation and actin cytoskeletal dynamics regulated by rho- and Cdc42-activated LIM-kinase 2. |journal=J. Cell Biol. |volume=147 |issue= 7 |pages= 1519-32 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10613909 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Lee K, Jung J, Kim M, Guidotti G | title = Interaction of the alpha subunit of Na,K-ATPase with cofilin | journal = Biochem. J. | volume = 353 | issue = Pt 2 | pages = 377–85 | year = 2001 | pmid = 11139403 | pmc = 1221581 | doi = 10.1042/0264-6021:3530377 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Adachi R, Matsui S, Kinoshita M, ''et al.'' |title=Nitric oxide induces chemotaxis of neutrophil-like HL-60 cells and translocation of cofilin to plasma membranes. |journal=Int. J. Immunopharmacol. |volume=22 |issue= 11 |pages= 855-64 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11090694 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Toshima J, Toshima JY, Amano T, Yang N, Narumiya S, Mizuno K | title = Cofilin Phosphorylation by Protein Kinase Testicular Protein Kinase 1 and Its Role in Integrin-mediated Actin Reorganization and Focal Adhesion Formation | journal = Mol. Biol. Cell | volume = 12 | issue = 4 | pages = 1131–45 | year = 2001 | pmid = 11294912 | pmc = 32292 | doi = 10.1091/mbc.12.4.1131 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Lee K, Jung J, Kim M, Guidotti G |title=Interaction of the alpha subunit of Na,K-ATPase with cofilin. |journal=Biochem. J. |volume=353 |issue= Pt 2 |pages= 377-85 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11139403 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Sumi T, Matsumoto K, Shibuya A, Nakamura T | title = Activation of LIM kinases by myotonic dystrophy kinase-related Cdc42-binding kinase alpha | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 276 | issue = 25 | pages = 23092–6 | year = 2001 | pmid = 11340065 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.C100196200 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Toshima J, Toshima JY, Amano T, ''et al.'' |title=Cofilin phosphorylation by protein kinase testicular protein kinase 1 and its role in integrin-mediated actin reorganization and focal adhesion formation. |journal=Mol. Biol. Cell |volume=12 |issue= 4 |pages= 1131-45 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11294912 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal | author=Sumi T, Matsumoto K, Shibuya A, Nakamura T |title=Activation of LIM kinases by myotonic dystrophy kinase-related Cdc42-binding kinase alpha. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=276 |issue= 25 |pages= 23092-6 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11340065 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.C100196200 }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{refend}}


{{protein-stub}}
{{PDB Gallery|geneid=1072}}
{{Cytoskeletal Proteins}}
 
 
{{gene-11-stub}}

Latest revision as of 15:15, 30 August 2017

VALUE_ERROR (nil)
Identifiers
Aliases
External IDsGeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

n/a

n/a

RefSeq (protein)

n/a

n/a

Location (UCSC)n/an/a
PubMed searchn/an/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Cofilin 1 (non-muscle; n-cofilin), also known as CFL1, is a human gene, part of the ADF/cofilin family.

Cofilin is a widely distributed intracellular actin-modulating protein that binds and depolymerizes filamentous F-actin and inhibits the polymerization of monomeric G-actin in a pH-dependent manner. It is involved in the translocation of actin-cofilin complex from cytoplasm to nucleus.[1]

One group reports that reelin signaling leads to serine3-phosphorylation of cofilin-1, and this interaction may play a role in the reelin-related regulation of neuronal migration.[2][3]

Interactions

Cofilin 1 has been shown to interact with HSPH1[4] and LIMK1.[5][6]

References

  1. "Entrez Gene: CFL1 cofilin 1 (non-muscle)".
  2. Chai X, Förster E, Zhao S, Bock HH, Frotscher M (January 2009). "Reelin stabilizes the actin cytoskeleton of neuronal processes by inducing n-cofilin phosphorylation at serine3". J. Neurosci. 29 (1): 288–99. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2934-08.2009. PMID 19129405.
  3. Frotscher M, Chai X, Bock HH, Haas CA, Förster E, Zhao S (April 2009). "Role of Reelin in the development and maintenance of cortical lamination". J Neural Transm. 116 (11): 1451–5. doi:10.1007/s00702-009-0228-7. PMID 19396394.
  4. Saito Y, Doi K, Yamagishi N, Ishihara K, Hatayama T (Feb 2004). "Screening of Hsp105alpha-binding proteins using yeast and bacterial two-hybrid systems". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 314 (2): 396–402. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2003.12.108. PMID 14733918.
  5. Foletta VC, Lim MA, Soosairajah J, Kelly AP, Stanley EG, Shannon M, He W, Das S, Massague J, Bernard O, Soosairaiah J (Sep 2003). "Direct signaling by the BMP type II receptor via the cytoskeletal regulator LIMK1". J. Cell Biol. 162 (6): 1089–98. doi:10.1083/jcb.200212060. PMC 2172847. PMID 12963706.
  6. Maekawa M, Ishizaki T, Boku S, Watanabe N, Fujita A, Iwamatsu A, Obinata T, Ohashi K, Mizuno K, Narumiya S (Aug 1999). "Signaling from Rho to the actin cytoskeleton through protein kinases ROCK and LIM-kinase". Science. 285 (5429): 895–8. doi:10.1126/science.285.5429.895. PMID 10436159.

Further reading