5-HT1E receptor: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
m (Robot: Automated text replacement (-{{WikiDoc Cardiology Network Infobox}} +, -<references /> +{{reflist|2}}, -{{reflist}} +{{reflist|2}}))
 
m (→‎Function: task, removed: : The Journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology using AWB)
 
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Wrongtitle|title=5-HT<sub>1E</sub> receptor}}
{{DISPLAYTITLE:5-HT<sub>1E</sub> receptor}}
<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{Infobox_gene}}
{{PBB_Controls
'''5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) 1E receptor''' (5-HT<sub>1E</sub>) is a highly expressed human G-protein coupled receptor<ref name="pmid2664084">{{cite journal | vauthors = Leonhardt S, Herrick-Davis K, Titeler M | title = Detection of a novel serotonin receptor subtype (5-HT1E) in human brain: interaction with a GTP-binding protein | journal = Journal of Neurochemistry | volume = 53 | issue = 2 | pages = 465–71  | date = Aug 1989 | pmid = 2664084 | doi = 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1989.tb07357.x }}</ref> that belongs to the [[5-HT1 receptor]] family (G<sub>i</sub>-coupled serotonin receptor).<ref name="pmid1608964">{{cite journal | vauthors = McAllister G, Charlesworth A, Snodin C, Beer MS, Noble AJ, Middlemiss DN, Iversen LL, Whiting P | title = Molecular cloning of a serotonin receptor from human brain (5HT1E): a fifth 5HT1-like subtype | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume = 89 | issue = 12 | pages = 5517–21  | date = Jun 1992 | pmid = 1608964 | pmc = 49323 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.89.12.5517 }}</ref><ref name="pmid8001977">{{cite journal | vauthors = Levy FO, Holtgreve-Grez H, Taskén K, Solberg R, Ried T, Gudermann T | title = Assignment of the gene encoding the 5-HT1E serotonin receptor (S31) (locus HTR1E) to human chromosome 6q14-q15 | journal = Genomics | volume = 22 | issue = 3 | pages = 637–40  | date = Aug 1994 | pmid = 8001977 | doi = 10.1006/geno.1994.1439 }}</ref> The human gene is denoted as '''HTR1E'''.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: HTR1E 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 1E| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=3354| accessdate = }}</ref>
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = no
| update_citations = yes
}}


<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
== Function ==
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image =
| image_source =
| PDB =
| Name = 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 1E
| HGNCid = 5291
| Symbol = HTR1E
| AltSymbols =; 5-HT1E
| OMIM = 182132
| ECnumber = 
| Homologene = 55491
| MGIid = 
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_HTR1E_207404_s_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0001584 |text = rhodopsin-like receptor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004872 |text = receptor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004993 |text = serotonin receptor activity}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005887 |text = integral to plasma membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016020 |text = membrane}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007165 |text = signal transduction}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007187 |text = G-protein signaling, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007268 |text = synaptic transmission}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
    | Hs_EntrezGene = 3354
    | Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000168830
    | Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_000856
    | Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_000865
    | Hs_GenLoc_db = 
    | Hs_GenLoc_chr = 6
    | Hs_GenLoc_start = 87703975
    | Hs_GenLoc_end = 87783120
    | Hs_Uniprot = P28566
    | Mm_EntrezGene = 
    | Mm_Ensembl = 
    | Mm_RefseqmRNA = 
    | Mm_RefseqProtein = 
    | Mm_GenLoc_db = 
    | Mm_GenLoc_chr = 
    | Mm_GenLoc_start = 
    | Mm_GenLoc_end = 
    | Mm_Uniprot = 
  }}
}}
'''5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 1E''', also known as '''HTR1E''', is a [[5-HT1 receptor]], but also denotes the human [[gene]] encoding it.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: HTR1E 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 1E| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=3354| accessdate = }}</ref>


<!-- The PBB_Summary template is not automatically maintained by Protein Box BotSee Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
The function of the 5-HT<sub>1E</sub> receptor is unknown due to the lack of selective pharmacological tools, specific antibodies, and permissive animal models.<ref name="pmid19200348">{{cite journal | vauthors = Klein MT, Teitler M | title = Guinea pig hippocampal 5-HT(1E) receptors: a tool for selective drug development | journal = Journal of Neurochemistry | volume = 109 | issue = 1 | pages = 268–74  | date = Apr 2009 | pmid = 19200348 | pmc = 2827198 | doi = 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2009.05958.x }}</ref> The 5-HT<sub>1E</sub> receptor gene lacks polymorphisms amongst humans (few mutations), indicating a high degree of evolutionary conservation of genetic sequence, which suggests that the 5-HT<sub>1E</sub> receptor has an important physiological role in humans.<ref name="pmid7609628">{{cite journal | vauthors = Shimron-Abarbanell D, Nöthen MM, Erdmann J, Propping P |author-link4=Peter Propping | title = Lack of genetically determined structural variants of the human serotonin-1E (5-HT1E) receptor protein points to its evolutionary conservation | journal = Brain Research. Molecular Brain Research | volume = 29 | issue = 2 | pages = 387–90 | date = Apr 1995 | pmid = 7609628 | doi = 10.1016/0169-328X(95)00003-B }}</ref> It is hypothesized that the 5-HT<sub>1E</sub> receptor is involved in the regulation of memory in humans due to the high abundance of receptors in the frontal cortex, hippocampus, and olfactory bulb, all of which are regions of the brain integral to memory regulation.<ref name="pmid14744596">{{cite journal | vauthors = Bai F, Yin T, Johnstone EM, Su C, Varga G, Little SP, Nelson DL | title = Molecular cloning and pharmacological characterization of the guinea pig 5-HT1E receptor | journal = European Journal of Pharmacology | volume = 484 | issue = 2-3 | pages = 127–39  | date = Jan 2004 | pmid = 14744596 | doi = 10.1016/j.ejphar.2003.11.019 }}</ref>
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =  
| summary_text =  
}}


{| class="wikitable"  
This receptor is unique among the serotonin receptors in that it is not known to be expressed by rats or mouse species, all of which lack the gene encoding the 5-HT<sub>1E</sub> receptor. However the genomes of the pig, rhesus monkey, and several lagomorphs (including rabbit) as well as the guinea pig each encode a homologous 5-HT<sub>1E</sub> receptor gene.<ref name="pmid14744596"/> The guinea pig is the most likely candidate for future study of 5-HT<sub>1E</sub> receptor function ''in vivo''. The expression of 5-HT<sub>1E</sub> receptors in the guinea pig brain has been pharmacologically confirmed; 5-HT<sub>1E</sub> receptor expression patterns of the human and guinea pig brains appear to be similar.<ref name="pmid19200348"/>
! [[Agonist]]s
In the human cortex, the expression of 5-HT<sub>1E</sub> undergoes a marked transition during adolescence, in a way that is strongly correlated with the expression of 5-HT<sub>1B</sub>.<ref name="pmid24721318">{{cite journal | vauthors = Shoval G, Bar-Shira O, Zalsman G, John Mann J, Chechik G | title = Transitions in the transcriptome of the serotonergic and dopaminergic systems in the human brain during adolescence | journal = European Neuropsychopharmacology | volume = 24 | issue = 7 | pages = 1123–32  | date = Jul 2014 | pmid = 24721318 | doi = 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2014.02.009 }}</ref>
! [[Receptor antagonist|Antagonist]]s
|-
| ?
| ?
|}


==See also==
The most closely related receptor to the 5-HT<sub>1E</sub> is the 5-HT<sub>1F</sub> receptor. They share 57% amino acid sequence homology and have some pharmacological characteristics in common.<ref name="pmid10462127">{{cite journal | vauthors = Barnes NM, Sharp T | title = A review of central 5-HT receptors and their function | journal = Neuropharmacology | volume = 38 | issue = 8 | pages = 1083–152  | date = Aug 1999 | pmid = 10462127 | doi = 10.1016/S0028-3908(99)00010-6 }}</ref> Both receptors are G<sub>i</sub>-coupled (inhibit adenylate cyclase activity) and both receptors have high affinities for 5-HT and low affinities for 5-carboxyamidotryptaine and mesulergine.<ref name="pmid8380639">{{cite journal | vauthors = Adham N, Kao HT, Schecter LE, Bard J, Olsen M, Urquhart D, Durkin M, Hartig PR, Weinshank RL, Branchek TA | title = Cloning of another human serotonin receptor (5-HT1F): a fifth 5-HT1 receptor subtype coupled to the inhibition of adenylate cyclase | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume = 90 | issue = 2 | pages = 408–12  | date = Jan 1993 | pmid = 8380639 | pmc = 45671 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.90.2.408 }}</ref> However, due to major differences in brain expression patterns, these receptors are unlikely to mediate similar functions in humans. For example, 5-HT<sub>1E</sub> receptors  are abundant in the hippocampus but are not detectable in the striatum (caudate and putamen of the human brain), while the opposite is true for the 5-HT<sub>1F</sub> receptor. Thus, conclusions about the function of the 5-HT<sub>1E</sub> receptor cannot be ascribed to the function of the 5-HT<sub>1F</sub> receptor, and vice versa.<ref name="pmid19200348"/>
 
== Selective ligands ==
 
No highly selective 5-HT<sub>1E</sub> ligands are available yet. [<sup>3</sup>H]5-HT remains the only radioligand available with high affinity for the 5-HT<sub>1E</sub> receptor (5nM).
 
=== Agonists ===
 
* [[BRL-54443]] (5-Hydroxy-3-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)-1H-indole) - mixed 5-HT<sub>1E/1F</sub> agonist
 
=== Antagonists ===
None as yet.
 
== See also ==
* [[5-HT1 receptor|5-HT<sub>1</sub> receptor]]
* [[5-HT1 receptor|5-HT<sub>1</sub> receptor]]
* [[5-HT receptor]]
* [[5-HT receptor]]


==References==
== References ==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|33em}}
 
==External links==
* {{UCSC gene info|HTR1E}}


==Further reading==
== Further reading ==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{refbegin|33em}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Zgombick JM, Schechter LE, Macchi M, Hartig PR, Branchek TA, Weinshank RL | title = Human gene S31 encodes the pharmacologically defined serotonin 5-hydroxytryptamine1E receptor | journal = Molecular Pharmacology | volume = 42 | issue = 2 | pages = 180–5  | date = Aug 1992 | pmid = 1513320 | doi =  }}
| citations =
* {{cite journal | vauthors = McAllister G, Charlesworth A, Snodin C, Beer MS, Noble AJ, Middlemiss DN, Iversen LL, Whiting P | title = Molecular cloning of a serotonin receptor from human brain (5HT1E): a fifth 5HT1-like subtype | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume = 89 | issue = 12 | pages = 5517–21  | date = Jun 1992 | pmid = 1608964 | pmc = 49323 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.89.12.5517 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Zgombick JM, Schechter LE, Macchi M, ''et al.'' |title=Human gene S31 encodes the pharmacologically defined serotonin 5-hydroxytryptamine1E receptor. |journal=Mol. Pharmacol. |volume=42 |issue= 2 |pages= 180-5 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1513320 |doi=  }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Levy FO, Gudermann T, Birnbaumer M, Kaumann AJ, Birnbaumer L | title = Molecular cloning of a human gene (S31) encoding a novel serotonin receptor mediating inhibition of adenylyl cyclase | journal = FEBS Letters | volume = 296 | issue = 2 | pages = 201–6  | date = Jan 1992 | pmid = 1733778 | doi = 10.1016/0014-5793(92)80379-U }}
*{{cite journal | author=McAllister G, Charlesworth A, Snodin C, ''et al.'' |title=Molecular cloning of a serotonin receptor from human brain (5HT1E): a fifth 5HT1-like subtype. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=89 |issue= 12 |pages= 5517-21 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1608964 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Levy FO, Holtgreve-Grez H, Taskén K, Solberg R, Ried T, Gudermann T | title = Assignment of the gene encoding the 5-HT1E serotonin receptor (S31) (locus HTR1E) to human chromosome 6q14-q15 | journal = Genomics | volume = 22 | issue = 3 | pages = 637–40 | date = Aug 1994 | pmid = 8001977 | doi = 10.1006/geno.1994.1439 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Levy FO, Gudermann T, Birnbaumer M, ''et al.'' |title=Molecular cloning of a human gene (S31) encoding a novel serotonin receptor mediating inhibition of adenylyl cyclase. |journal=FEBS Lett. |volume=296 |issue= 2 |pages= 201-6 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1733778 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Pierce PA, Xie GX, Meuser T, Peroutka SJ | title = 5-Hydroxytryptamine receptor subtype messenger RNAs in human dorsal root ganglia: a polymerase chain reaction study | journal = Neuroscience | volume = 81 | issue = 3 | pages = 813–9  | date = Dec 1997 | pmid = 9316030 | doi = 10.1016/S0306-4522(97)00235-2 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Levy FO, Holtgreve-Grez H, Taskén K, ''et al.'' |title=Assignment of the gene encoding the 5-HT1E serotonin receptor (S31) (locus HTR1E) to human chromosome 6q14-q15. |journal=Genomics |volume=22 |issue= 3 |pages= 637-40 |year= 1995 |pmid= 8001977 |doi= 10.1006/geno.1994.1439 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Pierce PA, Xie GX, Meuser T, Peroutka SJ |title=5-Hydroxytryptamine receptor subtype messenger RNAs in human dorsal root ganglia: a polymerase chain reaction study. |journal=Neuroscience |volume=81 |issue= 3 |pages= 813-9 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9316030 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Cargill M, Altshuler D, Ireland J, ''et al.'' |title=Characterization of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in coding regions of human genes. |journal=Nat. Genet. |volume=22 |issue= 3 |pages= 231-8 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10391209 |doi= 10.1038/10290 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, ''et al.'' |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899-903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Mungall AJ, Palmer SA, Sims SK, ''et al.'' |title=The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6. |journal=Nature |volume=425 |issue= 6960 |pages= 805-11 |year= 2003 |pmid= 14574404 |doi= 10.1038/nature02055 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, ''et al.'' |title=The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). |journal=Genome Res. |volume=14 |issue= 10B |pages= 2121-7 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15489334 |doi= 10.1101/gr.2596504 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Ewing RM, Chu P, Elisma F, ''et al.'' |title=Large-scale mapping of human protein-protein interactions by mass spectrometry. |journal=Mol. Syst. Biol. |volume=3 |issue=  |pages= 89 |year= 2007 |pmid= 17353931 |doi= 10.1038/msb4100134 }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{refend}}


{{NLM content}}
{{NLM content}}
{{membrane-protein-stub}}
 
{{G protein-coupled receptors}}
{{G protein-coupled receptors}}
[[Category:G protein coupled receptors]]
{{Serotonergics}}
 
[[Category:Serotonin receptors]]
[[Category:Memory]]

Latest revision as of 21:54, 7 November 2017

VALUE_ERROR (nil)
Identifiers
Aliases
External IDsGeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

n/a

n/a

RefSeq (protein)

n/a

n/a

Location (UCSC)n/an/a
PubMed searchn/an/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) 1E receptor (5-HT1E) is a highly expressed human G-protein coupled receptor[1] that belongs to the 5-HT1 receptor family (Gi-coupled serotonin receptor).[2][3] The human gene is denoted as HTR1E.[4]

Function

The function of the 5-HT1E receptor is unknown due to the lack of selective pharmacological tools, specific antibodies, and permissive animal models.[5] The 5-HT1E receptor gene lacks polymorphisms amongst humans (few mutations), indicating a high degree of evolutionary conservation of genetic sequence, which suggests that the 5-HT1E receptor has an important physiological role in humans.[6] It is hypothesized that the 5-HT1E receptor is involved in the regulation of memory in humans due to the high abundance of receptors in the frontal cortex, hippocampus, and olfactory bulb, all of which are regions of the brain integral to memory regulation.[7]

This receptor is unique among the serotonin receptors in that it is not known to be expressed by rats or mouse species, all of which lack the gene encoding the 5-HT1E receptor. However the genomes of the pig, rhesus monkey, and several lagomorphs (including rabbit) as well as the guinea pig each encode a homologous 5-HT1E receptor gene.[7] The guinea pig is the most likely candidate for future study of 5-HT1E receptor function in vivo. The expression of 5-HT1E receptors in the guinea pig brain has been pharmacologically confirmed; 5-HT1E receptor expression patterns of the human and guinea pig brains appear to be similar.[5] In the human cortex, the expression of 5-HT1E undergoes a marked transition during adolescence, in a way that is strongly correlated with the expression of 5-HT1B.[8]

The most closely related receptor to the 5-HT1E is the 5-HT1F receptor. They share 57% amino acid sequence homology and have some pharmacological characteristics in common.[9] Both receptors are Gi-coupled (inhibit adenylate cyclase activity) and both receptors have high affinities for 5-HT and low affinities for 5-carboxyamidotryptaine and mesulergine.[10] However, due to major differences in brain expression patterns, these receptors are unlikely to mediate similar functions in humans. For example, 5-HT1E receptors are abundant in the hippocampus but are not detectable in the striatum (caudate and putamen of the human brain), while the opposite is true for the 5-HT1F receptor. Thus, conclusions about the function of the 5-HT1E receptor cannot be ascribed to the function of the 5-HT1F receptor, and vice versa.[5]

Selective ligands

No highly selective 5-HT1E ligands are available yet. [3H]5-HT remains the only radioligand available with high affinity for the 5-HT1E receptor (5nM).

Agonists

  • BRL-54443 (5-Hydroxy-3-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)-1H-indole) - mixed 5-HT1E/1F agonist

Antagonists

None as yet.

See also

References

  1. Leonhardt S, Herrick-Davis K, Titeler M (Aug 1989). "Detection of a novel serotonin receptor subtype (5-HT1E) in human brain: interaction with a GTP-binding protein". Journal of Neurochemistry. 53 (2): 465–71. doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1989.tb07357.x. PMID 2664084.
  2. McAllister G, Charlesworth A, Snodin C, Beer MS, Noble AJ, Middlemiss DN, Iversen LL, Whiting P (Jun 1992). "Molecular cloning of a serotonin receptor from human brain (5HT1E): a fifth 5HT1-like subtype". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 89 (12): 5517–21. doi:10.1073/pnas.89.12.5517. PMC 49323. PMID 1608964.
  3. Levy FO, Holtgreve-Grez H, Taskén K, Solberg R, Ried T, Gudermann T (Aug 1994). "Assignment of the gene encoding the 5-HT1E serotonin receptor (S31) (locus HTR1E) to human chromosome 6q14-q15". Genomics. 22 (3): 637–40. doi:10.1006/geno.1994.1439. PMID 8001977.
  4. "Entrez Gene: HTR1E 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 1E".
  5. 5.0 5.1 5.2 Klein MT, Teitler M (Apr 2009). "Guinea pig hippocampal 5-HT(1E) receptors: a tool for selective drug development". Journal of Neurochemistry. 109 (1): 268–74. doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2009.05958.x. PMC 2827198. PMID 19200348.
  6. Shimron-Abarbanell D, Nöthen MM, Erdmann J, Propping P (Apr 1995). "Lack of genetically determined structural variants of the human serotonin-1E (5-HT1E) receptor protein points to its evolutionary conservation". Brain Research. Molecular Brain Research. 29 (2): 387–90. doi:10.1016/0169-328X(95)00003-B. PMID 7609628.
  7. 7.0 7.1 Bai F, Yin T, Johnstone EM, Su C, Varga G, Little SP, Nelson DL (Jan 2004). "Molecular cloning and pharmacological characterization of the guinea pig 5-HT1E receptor". European Journal of Pharmacology. 484 (2–3): 127–39. doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2003.11.019. PMID 14744596.
  8. Shoval G, Bar-Shira O, Zalsman G, John Mann J, Chechik G (Jul 2014). "Transitions in the transcriptome of the serotonergic and dopaminergic systems in the human brain during adolescence". European Neuropsychopharmacology. 24 (7): 1123–32. doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2014.02.009. PMID 24721318.
  9. Barnes NM, Sharp T (Aug 1999). "A review of central 5-HT receptors and their function". Neuropharmacology. 38 (8): 1083–152. doi:10.1016/S0028-3908(99)00010-6. PMID 10462127.
  10. Adham N, Kao HT, Schecter LE, Bard J, Olsen M, Urquhart D, Durkin M, Hartig PR, Weinshank RL, Branchek TA (Jan 1993). "Cloning of another human serotonin receptor (5-HT1F): a fifth 5-HT1 receptor subtype coupled to the inhibition of adenylate cyclase". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 90 (2): 408–12. doi:10.1073/pnas.90.2.408. PMC 45671. PMID 8380639.

External links

Further reading

  • Zgombick JM, Schechter LE, Macchi M, Hartig PR, Branchek TA, Weinshank RL (Aug 1992). "Human gene S31 encodes the pharmacologically defined serotonin 5-hydroxytryptamine1E receptor". Molecular Pharmacology. 42 (2): 180–5. PMID 1513320.
  • McAllister G, Charlesworth A, Snodin C, Beer MS, Noble AJ, Middlemiss DN, Iversen LL, Whiting P (Jun 1992). "Molecular cloning of a serotonin receptor from human brain (5HT1E): a fifth 5HT1-like subtype". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 89 (12): 5517–21. doi:10.1073/pnas.89.12.5517. PMC 49323. PMID 1608964.
  • Levy FO, Gudermann T, Birnbaumer M, Kaumann AJ, Birnbaumer L (Jan 1992). "Molecular cloning of a human gene (S31) encoding a novel serotonin receptor mediating inhibition of adenylyl cyclase". FEBS Letters. 296 (2): 201–6. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(92)80379-U. PMID 1733778.
  • Levy FO, Holtgreve-Grez H, Taskén K, Solberg R, Ried T, Gudermann T (Aug 1994). "Assignment of the gene encoding the 5-HT1E serotonin receptor (S31) (locus HTR1E) to human chromosome 6q14-q15". Genomics. 22 (3): 637–40. doi:10.1006/geno.1994.1439. PMID 8001977.
  • Pierce PA, Xie GX, Meuser T, Peroutka SJ (Dec 1997). "5-Hydroxytryptamine receptor subtype messenger RNAs in human dorsal root ganglia: a polymerase chain reaction study". Neuroscience. 81 (3): 813–9. doi:10.1016/S0306-4522(97)00235-2. PMID 9316030.

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.