Nephrotic syndrome causes: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 22:13, 16 November 2013

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Causes

Primary Causes

Primary renal disorders, such as primary glomerulonephritides, may cause primary nephrotic syndrome. Differentiation between different types of glomerular diseases is often made by clinical suspicion and by renal biopsy, which includes light microscopy, immunofluorescence, and ideally electron microscopy.

Secondary Causes

Secondary causes of renal disorders cause secondary nephrotic syndrome. These conditions must always be considered in the differential diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome.

Secondary Causes by Histologic Pattern

Membranous nephropathy (MN)^[1]

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS)^[1]

Minimal change disease (MCD)^[1]

Drugs
Malignancy, especially Hodgkin's lymphoma

Glomerulonephritis with Nephrotic Syndrome

Acute Glomerulonenephritis

Secondary

Miscellaneous

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Fogo AB, Bruijn JA. Cohen AH, Colvin RB, Jennette JC. Fundamentals of Renal Pathology. Springer. ISBN 978-0387-31126-5.

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[fogo-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Fogo AB, Bruijn JA. Cohen AH, Colvin RB, Jennette JC. Fundamentals of Renal Pathology. Springer. ISBN 978-0387-31126-5.

[1]

@@ Line 5: / Line 5: @@
 ==Causes==
 ===Primary Causes===
-Primary causes of nephrotic syndrome are usually described by the [[histology|histology]], i.e. [[minimal change disease]] (MCD), [[focal segmental glomerulosclerosis]] (FSGS) and [[membranous nephropathy]] (MN).
+Primary renal disorders, such as primary glomerulonephritides, may cause primary nephrotic syndrome. Differentiation between different types of glomerular diseases is often made by clinical suspicion and by renal biopsy, which includes light microscopy, immunofluorescence, and ideally electron microscopy.
-They are considered to be "[[Diagnosis of exclusion|diagnoses of exclusion]]," i.e. they are diagnosed only after secondary causes have been excluded.
 ===Secondary Causes===
-Secondary causes of nephrotic syndrome have the same histologic patterns as the primary causes, though may exhibit some differences suggesting a secondary cause.
+Secondary causes of renal disorders cause secondary nephrotic syndrome. These conditions must always be considered in the differential diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome.
-They are usually described by the underlying cause.
 ====Secondary Causes by Histologic Pattern====
@@ Line 35: / Line 31: @@
 *[[Malignancy]], especially [[Hodgkin's lymphoma]]
-===GN with Nephrotic Syndrome===
+===Glomerulonephritis with Nephrotic Syndrome===
 *[[Captopril]]
 *[[Cancer]]