Irritable bowel syndrome causes
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
The most common cause of IBS is emotional disturbances, stress, adverse early life events, history of Inflammatory bowel disease, acute gastrointestinal infections. Less common causes of IBS include genetics and hormonal changes.
Causes
Common Causes
IBS may be caused by:
- Emotional disturbance or stress[1][2]
- Adverse early life events[1]
- Anxiety, depression[3][4]
- History of acute GI infections e.g. Salmonella infection, Giardiasis[5][6][7][8][9][10][11]
- Antibiotic use causing alteration of gut microflora[12][13]
- History of gastrointestinal disorders like IBD[14]
- Immune causes: history of IBD, Celiac disease, microscopic colitis[15]
Less Common Causes
Less common causes of disease name include:
Genetic Causes[16]
- IBS is caused by a mutation of type V (alpha subunit) of SCN5A-encoded voltage gated sodium channel gene. Other genes such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and genes coding for superfamily member 15 (TNFSF15) are also involved.
- SNPs (Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms) in genes play an important role in host-microbiota interaction (TLR9, IL-6 and CDH1), immune activation and epithelial barriers.
- Genes involved in the regulation of hepatic bile acid synthesis such as a functional Klothoβ gene variant are mutated in IBS patients.
- Genome wide DNA methylation profiling is different in IBS patients, especially involving genes linked to neuropeptide hormone function and oxidative stress.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Bharucha AE, Chakraborty S, Sletten CD (2016). "Common Functional Gastroenterological Disorders Associated With Abdominal Pain". Mayo Clin. Proc. 91 (8): 1118–32. doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2016.06.003. PMC 4985027. PMID 27492916.
- ↑ Ibrahim NK (2016). "A systematic review of the prevalence and risk factors of irritable bowel syndrome among medical students". Turk J Gastroenterol. 27 (1): 10–6. doi:10.5152/tjg.2015.150333. PMID 26674980.
- ↑ Qin HY, Cheng CW, Tang XD, Bian ZX (2014). "Impact of psychological stress on irritable bowel syndrome". World J. Gastroenterol. 20 (39): 14126–31. doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i39.14126. PMC 4202343. PMID 25339801.
- ↑ Hausteiner-Wiehle C, Henningsen P (2014). "Irritable bowel syndrome: relations with functional, mental, and somatoform disorders". World J. Gastroenterol. 20 (20): 6024–30. doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i20.6024. PMC 4033442. PMID 24876725.
- ↑ Ibarra C, Herrera V, Pérez de Arce E, Gil LC, Madrid AM, Valenzuela L, Beltrán CJ (2016). "[Parasitosis and irritable bowel syndrome]". Rev Chilena Infectol (in Spanish; Castilian). 33 (3): 268–74. doi:10.4067/S0716-10182016000300003. PMID 27598274.
- ↑ Halliez MC, Buret AG (2013). "Extra-intestinal and long term consequences of Giardia duodenalis infections". World J. Gastroenterol. 19 (47): 8974–85. doi:10.3748/wjg.v19.i47.8974. PMC 3870550. PMID 24379622.
- ↑ Giddings SL, Stevens AM, Leung DT (2016). "Traveler's Diarrhea". Med. Clin. North Am. 100 (2): 317–30. doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2015.08.017. PMC 4764790. PMID 26900116.
- ↑ Keithlin J, Sargeant J, Thomas MK, Fazil A (2014). "Systematic review and meta-analysis of the proportion of Campylobacter cases that develop chronic sequelae". BMC Public Health. 14: 1203. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-1203. PMC 4391665. PMID 25416162.
- ↑ Grover M (2014). "Role of gut pathogens in development of irritable bowel syndrome". Indian J. Med. Res. 139 (1): 11–8. PMC 3994726. PMID 24604037.
- ↑ Keithlin J, Sargeant J, Thomas MK, Fazil A (2014). "Chronic sequelae of E. coli O157: systematic review and meta-analysis of the proportion of E. coli O157 cases that develop chronic sequelae". Foodborne Pathog. Dis. 11 (2): 79–95. doi:10.1089/fpd.2013.1572. PMC 3925333. PMID 24404780.
- ↑ Connor BA, Riddle MS (2013). "Post-infectious sequelae of travelers' diarrhea". J Travel Med. 20 (5): 303–12. doi:10.1111/jtm.12049. PMID 23992573.
- ↑ Gallo A, Passaro G, Gasbarrini A, Landolfi R, Montalto M (2016). "Modulation of microbiota as treatment for intestinal inflammatory disorders: An uptodate". World J. Gastroenterol. 22 (32): 7186–202. doi:10.3748/wjg.v22.i32.7186. PMC 4997632. PMID 27621567.
- ↑ Shreiner AB, Kao JY, Young VB (2015). "The gut microbiome in health and in disease". Curr. Opin. Gastroenterol. 31 (1): 69–75. doi:10.1097/MOG.0000000000000139. PMC 4290017. PMID 25394236.
- ↑ Ceuleers H, Van Spaendonk H, Hanning N, Heirbaut J, Lambeir AM, Joossens J, Augustyns K, De Man JG, De Meester I, De Winter BY (2016). "Visceral hypersensitivity in inflammatory bowel diseases and irritable bowel syndrome: The role of proteases". World J. Gastroenterol. 22 (47): 10275–10286. doi:10.3748/wjg.v22.i47.10275. PMC 5175241. PMID 28058009.
- ↑ Major G, Spiller R (2014). "Irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease and the microbiome". Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 21 (1): 15–21. doi:10.1097/MED.0000000000000032. PMC 3871405. PMID 24296462.
- ↑ 16.0 16.1 Makker J, Chilimuri S, Bella JN (2015). "Genetic epidemiology of irritable bowel syndrome". World J. Gastroenterol. 21 (40): 11353–61. doi:10.3748/wjg.v21.i40.11353. PMC 4616211. PMID 26525775.
- ↑ Mulak A, Taché Y, Larauche M (2014). "Sex hormones in the modulation of irritable bowel syndrome". World J. Gastroenterol. 20 (10): 2433–48. doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i10.2433. PMC 3949254. PMID 24627581.