Hantavirus infection laboratory findings

Revision as of 21:57, 29 July 2020 by WikiBot (talk | contribs) (Bot: Removing from Primary care)
(diff) ← Older revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff)
Jump to navigation Jump to search

Hantavirus infection Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) (patient information)
Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) (patient information)

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Hantavirus infection from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Chest X Ray

CT Scan

MRI

Ultrasound

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Hantavirus infection laboratory findings On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Hantavirus infection laboratory findings

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Hantavirus infection laboratory findings

CDC on Hantavirus infection laboratory findings

Hantavirus infection laboratory findings in the news

Blogs on Hantavirus infection laboratory findings

Directions to Hospitals Treating Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome

Risk calculators and risk factors for Hantavirus infection laboratory findings

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Furqan M M. M.B.B.S[2]

Overview

Diagnosis of hantavirus infection is usually made by a positive serological test result. Evidence of viral antigen in tissue by immunohistochemistry, or the presence of amplifiable viral RNA sequences in blood or tissue, with a compatible history of HPS, is considered diagnostic for HPS.

Laboratory Findings

The laboratory findings for hantavirus infection include:[1]

Serologic assays

  • A Western blot assay using recombinant antigens and isotype-specific conjugates for IgM-IgG differentiation has also been developed and its results are generally in agreement with those of the IgM-capture format.
  • Also in use is a rapid recombinant immunoblot strip assay (RIBA), to identify serum antibody to recombinant proteins and peptides specific for SNV and other hantaviruses.[3]

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

Reverse transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR) can be used to detect hantaviral RNA in fresh frozen lung tissue, blood clots, or nucleated blood cells. Reverse transcriptasePCR tests are useful for both HFRS and HPS, as it can identify viral genotype by the PCR sequencing.[2]

Immunohistochemistry (IHC)

IHC testing of formalin-fixed tissues with specific monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies can be used to detect hantavirus antigens and has proven to be a sensitive method for laboratory confirmation of hantaviral infections. IHC has an important role in the diagnosis of HPS in patients from whom serum samples and frozen tissues are unavailable for diagnostic testing and in the retrospective assessment of disease prevalence in a defined geographic region.

Other lab findings

Other lab findings are helpful in the diagnosis and management of the complications of Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome.[4]

Complete blood count

  • Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome(HPS):
    • It may show
      • Elevated hematocrit
      • Leukocytosis
      • Elevated PT and aPTT

Serum electrolytes

Arterial Blood gases

  • It may show Metabolic Acidosis and respiratory alkalosis in HPS.

Urinalysis

Liver function tests

References

  1. Christova I, Panayotova E, Trifonova I, Taseva E, Hristova T, Ivanova V (2017). "Country-wide seroprevalence studies on Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever and hantavirus infections in general population of Bulgaria". J Med Virol. doi:10.1002/jmv.24868. PMID 28561377.
  2. 2.0 2.1 Lednicky JA (2003). "Hantaviruses. a short review". Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. 127 (1): 30–5. doi:10.1043/0003-9985(2003)127<30:>2.0.CO;2. PMID 12521363.
  3. Levy H, Simpson SQ (1994). "Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome". Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 149 (6): 1710–3. doi:10.1164/ajrccm.149.6.8004332. PMID 8004332.
  4. Sargianou M, Watson DC, Chra P, Papa A, Starakis I, Gogos C, Panos G (2012). "Hantavirus infections for the clinician: from case presentation to diagnosis and treatment". Crit. Rev. Microbiol. 38 (4): 317–29. doi:10.3109/1040841X.2012.673553. PMID 22553984.

Template:WH Template:WikiDoc Sources