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{{Eosinophilic pneumonia}} | {{Eosinophilic pneumonia}} | ||
{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{MAD}} | |||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Causes of eosinophilic lung diseases are acute eosinophilic pneumonia, chrnoic eosinophilic pneumonia, [[tropical pulmonary eosinophilia]], [[Granulomatosis with polyangiitis|eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangitis]], [[allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis]], and [[medications]] such as [[Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug|nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs]], [[Anticonvulsants]], [[Antidepressants]], [[Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors]], and [[Beta blockers]]. | |||
==References== | ==Causes== | ||
==== '''Acute eosinophilic pneumonia (AEP)''' ==== | |||
* The cause of acute eosinophilic pneumonia is unknown but an acute [[hypersensitivity reaction]] is suggested.<ref name="pmid27514599">{{cite journal| author=Cottin V| title=Eosinophilic Lung Diseases. | journal=Clin Chest Med | year= 2016 | volume= 37 | issue= 3 | pages= 535-56 | pmid=27514599 | doi=10.1016/j.ccm.2016.04.015 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27514599 }}</ref> | |||
'''Chrnoic eosinophilic pneumonia (CEP)''' | |||
* [[Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia]] is an characterized by an abnormal and marked accumulation of [[eosinophils]] in the [[interstitium]] and alveolar spaces of [[Lung|the lung]].<ref name="pmid29404185">{{cite journal| author=Yıldız T, Dülger S| title=Non-astmatic Eosinophilic Bronchitis. | journal=Turk Thorac J | year= 2018 | volume= 19 | issue= 1 | pages= 41-45 | pmid=29404185 | doi=10.5152/TurkThoracJ.2017.17017 | pmc=5783052 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=29404185 }}</ref> | |||
==== '''Transpulmonary passage of [[Helminth|helminth larvae]] (Löffler syndrome)''' ==== | |||
* Three types of helminths, ''[[Ascariasis|Ascaris]]'', [[hookworms]], and ''[[Strongyloides stercoralis]]'', have larvae that reach the lungs, penetrate into [[alveoli]], and ascend the airways then reach the [[gastrointestinal tract]]. | |||
* ''[[Ascariasis|Ascaris]]'' is the most common cause of [[Löffler's syndrome|Löffler syndrome]] worldwide.<ref>{{Cite journal | |||
| pmid = 13331628 | |||
}}</ref><ref name="pmid294693162">{{cite journal| author=Yang Z, Lei W, Xiao-Li L, Xiao-Jun T, Wei L, Yi-Jun A et al.| title=[Clinical features of imported schistosomiasis mansoni in Beijing City：a report of 6 cases]. | journal=Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi | year= 2017 | volume= 29 | issue= 2 | pages= 150-154 | pmid=29469316 | doi=10.16250/j.32.1374.2016207 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=29469316 }}</ref> | |||
==== '''Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia''' ==== | |||
* [[Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia]] is immune response to the [[Lymphatic filariasis|lymphatic filariae]] and [[Wuchereria bancrofti]].<ref>{{Cite journal | |||
| pmid = 15486834 | |||
}}</ref> | |||
* [[Pulmonary function tests]] may show a mixed restrictive and obstructive abnormality with a reduction in [[diffusion capacity]].<ref>{{Cite journal | |||
| author = [[Jai B. Mullerpattan]], [[Zarir F. Udwadia]] & [[Farokh E. Udwadia]] | |||
| title = Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia--a review | |||
| journal = [[The Indian journal of medical research]] | |||
| volume = 138 | |||
| issue = 3 | |||
| pages = 295–302 | |||
| year = 2013 | |||
| month = September | |||
| pmid = 24135173 | |||
}}</ref> | |||
==== '''Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangitis''' ==== | |||
* [[Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis]] ([[Churg-Strauss syndrome|Churg-Strauss]]) is a vasculitic disorder often characterized by [[sinusitis]], [[asthma]], and prominent peripheral [[Eosinophilia|blood eosinophilia]].<ref>{{Cite journal | |||
| author = [[L. Guillevin]], [[P. Cohen]], [[M. Gayraud]], [[F. Lhote]], [[B. Jarrousse]] & [[P. Casassus]] | |||
| title = Churg-Strauss syndrome. Clinical study and long-term follow-up of 96 patients | |||
| journal = [[Medicine]] | |||
| volume = 78 | |||
| issue = 1 | |||
| pages = 26–37 | |||
| year = 1999 | |||
| month = January | |||
| pmid = 9990352 | |||
}}</ref> | |||
* It is the sole form of [[vasculitis]] that is associated with both eosinophilia and frequent lung involvement. | |||
* In addition to the lungs, the skin and the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, renal, and neurologic systems may also be involved. | |||
==== '''Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis''' ==== | |||
* [[Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis]] is a complex [[hypersensitivity reaction]] that occurs when airways become colonized by ''[[Aspergillus]].''<ref>{{Cite journal | |||
| pmid = 16612769 | |||
}}</ref> | |||
* Immunologic responses elicited by ''[[Aspergillus fumigatus]]'' are responsible for this syndrome. It can lead to [[bronchiectasis]], and [[fibrosis]]. | |||
==== Drugs and toxins ==== | |||
[[Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms]] (DRESS) is a [[Drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome|drug-induced hypersensitivity reaction]] that includes skin eruption, [[eosinophilia]], [[Atypical lymphocyte|atypical lymphocytosis]], [[lymphadenopathy]], and kidney involvement. Drugs causing DRESS are:<ref>{{Cite journal | |||
| author = [[Peter W. Kim]], [[Alfred F. Sorbello]], [[Ronald T. Wassel]], [[Tracy M. Pham]], [[Joseph M. Tonning]] & [[Sumathi Nambiar]] | |||
| title = Eosinophilic pneumonia in patients treated with daptomycin: review of the literature and US FDA adverse event reporting system reports | |||
| journal = [[Drug safety]] | |||
| volume = 35 | |||
| issue = 6 | |||
| pages = 447–457 | |||
| year = 2012 | |||
| month = June | |||
| doi = 10.2165/11597460-000000000-00000 | |||
| pmid = 22612850 | |||
}}</ref> | |||
* [[Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug|Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs]] | |||
* [[Anticonvulsants]] | |||
* [[Antidepressants]] | |||
* [[Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors]] | |||
* [[Beta blockers]] | |||
* [[Hydrochlorothiazide]] | |||
* [[Cocaine]]<ref name="pmid29487790">{{cite journal| author=Reyes F, Vaitkus V, Al-Ajam M| title=A case of cocaine-induced eosinophilic pneumonia: Case report and review of the literature. | journal=Respir Med Case Rep | year= 2018 | volume= 23 | issue= | pages= 98-102 | pmid=29487790 | doi=10.1016/j.rmcr.2017.12.012 | pmc=5805849 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=29487790 }}</ref> | |||
== References == | |||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
[[Category:Pulmonology]] | |||
[[Category:Disease]] | [[Category:Disease]] | ||
Latest revision as of 18:29, 29 March 2018
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohammed Abdelwahed M.D[2]
Overview
Causes of eosinophilic lung diseases are acute eosinophilic pneumonia, chrnoic eosinophilic pneumonia, tropical pulmonary eosinophilia, eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangitis, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, and medications such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, Anticonvulsants, Antidepressants, Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, and Beta blockers.
Causes
Acute eosinophilic pneumonia (AEP)
- The cause of acute eosinophilic pneumonia is unknown but an acute hypersensitivity reaction is suggested.[1]
Chrnoic eosinophilic pneumonia (CEP)
- Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia is an characterized by an abnormal and marked accumulation of eosinophils in the interstitium and alveolar spaces of the lung.[2]
Transpulmonary passage of helminth larvae (Löffler syndrome)
- Three types of helminths, Ascaris, hookworms, and Strongyloides stercoralis, have larvae that reach the lungs, penetrate into alveoli, and ascend the airways then reach the gastrointestinal tract.
- Ascaris is the most common cause of Löffler syndrome worldwide.[3][4]
Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia
- Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia is immune response to the lymphatic filariae and Wuchereria bancrofti.[5]
- Pulmonary function tests may show a mixed restrictive and obstructive abnormality with a reduction in diffusion capacity.[6]
Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangitis
- Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Churg-Strauss) is a vasculitic disorder often characterized by sinusitis, asthma, and prominent peripheral blood eosinophilia.[7]
- It is the sole form of vasculitis that is associated with both eosinophilia and frequent lung involvement.
- In addition to the lungs, the skin and the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, renal, and neurologic systems may also be involved.
Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
- Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis is a complex hypersensitivity reaction that occurs when airways become colonized by Aspergillus.[8]
- Immunologic responses elicited by Aspergillus fumigatus are responsible for this syndrome. It can lead to bronchiectasis, and fibrosis.
Drugs and toxins
Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) is a drug-induced hypersensitivity reaction that includes skin eruption, eosinophilia, atypical lymphocytosis, lymphadenopathy, and kidney involvement. Drugs causing DRESS are:[9]
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
- Anticonvulsants
- Antidepressants
- Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors
- Beta blockers
- Hydrochlorothiazide
- Cocaine[10]
References
- ↑ Cottin V (2016). "Eosinophilic Lung Diseases". Clin Chest Med. 37 (3): 535–56. doi:10.1016/j.ccm.2016.04.015. PMID 27514599.
- ↑ Yıldız T, Dülger S (2018). "Non-astmatic Eosinophilic Bronchitis". Turk Thorac J. 19 (1): 41–45. doi:10.5152/TurkThoracJ.2017.17017. PMC 5783052. PMID 29404185.
- ↑ . PMID 13331628. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - ↑ Yang Z, Lei W, Xiao-Li L, Xiao-Jun T, Wei L, Yi-Jun A; et al. (2017). "[Clinical features of imported schistosomiasis mansoni in Beijing City：a report of 6 cases]". Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi. 29 (2): 150–154. doi:10.16250/j.32.1374.2016207. PMID 29469316.
- ↑ . PMID 15486834. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - ↑ Jai B. Mullerpattan, Zarir F. Udwadia & Farokh E. Udwadia (2013). "Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia--a review". The Indian journal of medical research. 138 (3): 295–302. PMID 24135173. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ L. Guillevin, P. Cohen, M. Gayraud, F. Lhote, B. Jarrousse & P. Casassus (1999). "Churg-Strauss syndrome. Clinical study and long-term follow-up of 96 patients". Medicine. 78 (1): 26–37. PMID 9990352. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ . PMID 16612769. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - ↑ Peter W. Kim, Alfred F. Sorbello, Ronald T. Wassel, Tracy M. Pham, Joseph M. Tonning & Sumathi Nambiar (2012). "Eosinophilic pneumonia in patients treated with daptomycin: review of the literature and US FDA adverse event reporting system reports". Drug safety. 35 (6): 447–457. doi:10.2165/11597460-000000000-00000. PMID 22612850. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Reyes F, Vaitkus V, Al-Ajam M (2018). "A case of cocaine-induced eosinophilic pneumonia: Case report and review of the literature". Respir Med Case Rep. 23: 98–102. doi:10.1016/j.rmcr.2017.12.012. PMC 5805849. PMID 29487790.