Gastritis

For patient information click here

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Please Take Over This Page and Apply to be Editor-In-Chief for this topic: There can be one or more than one Editor-In-Chief. You may also apply to be an Associate Editor-In-Chief of one of the subtopics below. Please mail us [2] to indicate your interest in serving either as an Editor-In-Chief of the entire topic or as an Associate Editor-In-Chief for a subtopic. Please be sure to attach your CV and or biographical sketch.

Overview

WikiDoc Resources for Gastritis
Articles
Most recent articles on Gastritis Most cited articles on Gastritis Review articles on Gastritis Articles on Gastritis in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ
Media
Powerpoint slides on Gastritis Images of Gastritis Photos of Gastritis Podcasts & MP3s on Gastritis Videos on Gastritis
Evidence Based Medicine
Cochrane Collaboration on Gastritis Bandolier on Gastritis TRIP on Gastritis
Clinical Trials
Ongoing Trials on Gastritis at Clinical Trials.gov Trial results on Gastritis Clinical Trials on Gastritis at Google
Guidelines / Policies / Govt
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Gastritis NICE Guidance on Gastritis NHS PRODIGY Guidance FDA on Gastritis CDC on Gastritis
Books
Books on Gastritis
News
Gastritis in the news Be alerted to news on Gastritis News trends on Gastritis
Commentary
Blogs on Gastritis
Definitions
Definitions of Gastritis
Patient Resources / Community
Patient resources on Gastritis Discussion groups on Gastritis Patient Handouts on Gastritis Directions to Hospitals Treating Gastritis Risk calculators and risk factors for Gastritis
Healthcare Provider Resources
Symptoms of Gastritis Causes & Risk Factors for Gastritis Diagnostic studies for Gastritis Treatment of Gastritis
Continuing Medical Education (CME)
CME Programs on Gastritis
International
Gastritis en Espanol Gastritis en Francais
Business
Gastritis in the Marketplace Patents on Gastritis
Experimental / Informatics
List of terms related to Gastritis

Overview

Gastritis is inflammation of the gastric mucosa. The word comes from the Greek gastro- meaning of the stomach and -itis meaning inflammation. Depending on the cause, it may persist acutely or chronically and may coincide with more serious conditions such as atrophy of the stomach.

Common Causes of Gastritis

The following are known causes and factors related to gastritis:

Digestive System

• Bacterial infection (most often by Helicobacter pylori and other Helicobacter spp.)
• Fungal infection (most often in people with immunodeficiency)
• Parasitic infection (most often by Anisakis spp. from poorly cooked seafood)
• Viral infection
• Bile reflux
• NSAIDs
• Cigarette smoke
• Autoimmune disorders
• Excessive alcohol consumption
• Excessive caffeine consumption
• Certain allergens
• Certain types of radiation
• Stomach injury
• Stress

Differential Diagnosis

• Alcoholic gastropathy
• Aortic aneurysm (ruptured)
• Bacterial infections
• Burns
• Candida
• Corrosive gastritis
• Crohn's Disease
• Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in HIV
• Diseases of the biliary system
• Drugs
• Eosinophilic Gastritis
• Esophageal varices
• Functional dyspepsia
• Gastric carcinoma
• Gastritis in pernicious anemia
• Gastroduodenal ulcer
• Helicobacter pylori associated
• Intoxication
• Liver failure
• Lymphocytic gastritis
• Mallory-Weiss Tear
• Menetrier's Disease
• Pancreas carcinoma
• Pancreatitis
• Peptic ulcer
• Perforated ulcer
• Radiation
• Reflux esophagitis
• Renal Failure
• Respiratory failure
• Sarcoidosis
• Sepsis
• Shock
• Surgery
• Syphilis
• Trauma
• Tuberculosis
• Volvulus
• Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome

Symptoms

The following symptoms can be a result of gastritis or can be related to the underlying cause:

• Upper abdominal pain or discomfort
• Gastric hemorrhage
• Hypochlorhydria
• Appetite loss
• Belching
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Fever
• Lethargy

Diagnosis

In suspected cases, a doctor usually orders a barium meal test and gastroscopy to determine gastritis and related conditions such as peptic ulcers and gastric cancer. It is always important that the doctor reviews a patient's history regarding medications, alcohol intake, smoking, and other factors that can be associated with gastritis. In some cases, the appearance of the stomach lining seen during gastroscopy and the results of the barium meal test are reliable in determining gastritis and the cause. However, the most reliable method for determining gastritis is doing a biopsy during gastroscopy and checking for histological characteristics of gastritis and infection. For Helicobacter infection (the most common cause), one can test non-invasively with a urea breath test, stool antigen test, or blood antibody test.

Treatment

Treatment usually consists of removing the irritant or the infection. In cases of infection, a doctor will most often prescribe antimicrobial drugs. Helicobacter infection typically responds well to the triple therapy protocol (consisting of two antibiotics, and a proton pump inhibitor). Regimens that work well include PCA or PCM triple therapy (PPI, Clarithromycin, Amoxicillin) or (PPI, Clarithromycin, Metronidazole). Quadruple therapy hasa >90% success rate and includes PPIs, Bismuth subsalicylates, Metronidazole, and Tetracycline.

See also

• Stomach
• Gastroenteritis
• Infection

External links

• http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec09/ch121/ch121b.html
• http://www.emedicine.com/emerg/topic820.htm
• http://www.emedicine.com/med/topic852.htm
• http://www.intelihealth.com/IH/ihtIH/WSIHW000/9339/10796.html
• ABC Salutaris: Gastritis

Template:SIB Template:Gastroenterology