Cancer screening resident survival guide
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Tayyaba Ali, M.D.[2]
Overview
This section provides a short and straight to the point overview of the disease or symptom. The first sentence of the overview must contain the name of the disease.
Common Cancers
Breast Cancer
- Breast cancer screening starts at the age of 50 via a mammogram twice a year and discontinues at the age of 74.[1]
- According to the GLOBOCAN 2018 estimates of cancer incidence, mortality, and prevalence, breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer deaths among females (11.6% of total cancer deaths).[2]
Recommendations for Breast cancer screening:[1] | ||
Population | Screening recommendations | |
---|---|---|
Age 50-74 |
| |
Age 40 |
| |
Age 75 |
The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the benefits and harms of screening mammography in women 75 years and older. |
- To view the detailed information on breast cancer screening click here.
Cervical Cancer
- Cervical cancer screening starts at the age of 21 regardless of the onset of sexual activity via Papanicolaou test (Cervical cytology).[3]
- According to the GLOBOCAN 2018 estimates of cancer incidence, mortality, and prevalence, cervical cancer ranks fourth for both incidence and mortality among females.[2]
Recommendations for Cervical cancer screening:[3] | ||
Population | Screening recommendations | |
---|---|---|
Immunocompromised |
| |
Age less than 21 |
| |
Age 21-29 |
| |
Age 30-65 |
| |
Age 65 or greater than 65 |
Discontinue cervical cancer screening
|
To view the detailed information on cervical cancer screening click here.
Colorectal Cancer
- Colorectal cancer screening starts among asymptomatic adults at the age of 50 with no family history of adenoma or colorectal cancer (CRC). It is preferably done via colonoscopy[4]
- According to the GLOBOCAN 2018 estimates of cancer incidence, mortality, and prevalence, Colon cancer is the fourth commonly occurring cancer (6.1% for incidence). It is the third cause of death in cancer patients (9.2% of total cancer deaths).[2]
Recommendations for Colorectal cancer screening:[4] | ||
Population | Screening recommendations | |
---|---|---|
Age 50 asymptomatic with no history of CRC or adenoma |
Direct Visualization Tests
Stool-Based Tests
| |
Family history of CRC or adenomatous polyps
|
| |
Inflammatory bowel disease
|
| |
Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer |
| |
Familial adenomatous polyposis |
|
- To view the detailed information on colorectal cancer screening click here.
Endometrial Cancer
Esophageal Cancer
Lung Cancer
- Lung cancer screening starts among asymptomatic adults aged 55 to 80 years who have a 30 pack-year smoking history and currently smoke or have quit smoking within the past 15 years.[5]
- According to the GLOBOCAN 2018 estimates of cancer incidence, mortality, and prevalence, Lung cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer (11.6% of the total cases) and the leading cause of cancer death in both males and females (18.4% of the total cancer deaths).[2]
Recommendations for lung cancer screening:[5] | ||
Recommended test | ||
Recommended Interval |
| |
Age for screening |
| |
Eligibility for screening based on smoking history |
| |
Discontinuation of screening |
|
- To view the detailed information on Lung cancer screening click here.
Ovarian cancer
- There are no recommendations for screening ovarian cancer in asymptomatic women although the better outcome is associated with early diagnosis.[6]
- To view the detailed information on ovarian cancer screening click here.
Prostate Cancer
- Prostate cancer screening starts at the age of 55 via digital rectal exam and prostate specific antigen (PSA) blood test and discontinues at the age of 69. Screening for prostate cancer is controversial because it is not clear if the benefits of screening outweigh the risks of follow-up diagnostic tests and cancer treatments.[7]
- According to the GLOBOCAN 2018 estimates of cancer incidence, mortality, and prevalence, Prostate cancer is the second cause of cancer deaths in males (7.1% of the total cancer deaths).[2]
Recommendations for Prostate cancer screening:[7] | ||
Population | Screening recommendations | |
---|---|---|
Age 55-69 |
| |
Age 70 |
|
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Recommendation: Breast Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce".
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Bray F, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Siegel RL, Torre LA, Jemal A (2018). "Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries". CA Cancer J Clin. 68 (6): 394–424. doi:10.3322/caac.21492. PMID 30207593.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Recommendation: Cervical Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce".
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 US Preventive Services Task Force. Bibbins-Domingo K, Grossman DC, Curry SJ, Davidson KW, Epling JW; et al. (2016). "Screening for Colorectal Cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement". JAMA. 315 (23): 2564–2575. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.5989. PMID 27304597.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 "Recommendation: Lung Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce". Retrieved 8/3/2020. Check date values in:
|accessdate=
(help) - ↑ "Recommendation: Ovarian Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce".
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 "Recommendation: Prostate Cancer: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce".