Sudden cardiac death echocardiography and ultrasound: Difference between revisions

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===Echocardiography===
__NOTOC__
{{Sudden cardiac death}}
{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{Sara.Zand}} {{EdzelCo}}


[[Echocardiography]] may be helpful in the diagnosis the cause of [[lethal]] [[arrhythmia]] and [[sudden cardiac arrest]] by assessment of the following:<ref name="ParkerSalerno2018">{{cite journal|last1=Parker|first1=Brian K.|last2=Salerno|first2=Alexis|last3=Euerle|first3=Brian D.|title=The Use of Transesophageal Echocardiography During Cardiac Arrest Resuscitation: A Literature Review|journal=Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine|volume=38|issue=5|year=2018|pages=1141–1151|issn=0278-4297|doi=10.1002/jum.14794}}</ref>
==Overview==
[[Echocardiography]] may be helpful in the [[diagnosis]] the cause of [[lethal]] [[arrhythmia]] and [[sudden cardiac arrest]].


==Echocardiography==
[[Echocardiography]] may be helpful in the diagnosis the cause of [[lethal]] [[arrhythmia]] and [[sudden cardiac arrest]] by assessment of the following:
* [[Regional wall motion abnormality]]
* [[Regional wall motion abnormality]]
* [[Systolic function ]] of [[left ventricle]]  
* [[Systolic function ]] of [[left ventricle]]  
* Evidence of [[ myocardial infarction]]
* Evidence of [[ myocardial infarction]]
* Valvular heart disease such as [[aortic stenosis]]
* [[Valvular heart disease]] such as [[aortic stenosis]]
* [[Right ventricular cardiomyopathy]]
* [[Right ventricular cardiomyopathy]]
* [[Pericardial effusion]], [[ Tamponade]]
* [[Pericardial effusion]]
* [[ Aorta dissection]]
* [[Tamponade]]
* [[ Aorta dissection]] <ref name="ParkerSalerno2018">{{cite journal|last1=Parker|first1=Brian K.|last2=Salerno|first2=Alexis|last3=Euerle|first3=Brian D.|title=The Use of Transesophageal Echocardiography During Cardiac Arrest Resuscitation: A Literature Review|journal=Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine|volume=38|issue=5|year=2018|pages=1141–1151|issn=0278-4297|doi=10.1002/jum.14794}}</ref>
 
 
==2022 ESC Guidelines for the management of patients with ventricular arrythymias and the prevention of sudden cardiac death <ref name="pmid36017572">{{cite journal| author=Zeppenfeld K, Tfelt-Hansen J, de Riva M, Winkel BG, Behr ER, Blom NA | display-authors=etal| title=2022 ESC Guidelines for the management of patients with ventricular arrhythmias and the prevention of sudden cardiac death. | journal=Eur Heart J | year= 2022 | volume= 43 | issue= 40 | pages= 3997-4126 | pmid=36017572 | doi=10.1093/eurheartj/ehac262 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=36017572  }} </ref>==
 
{|class="wikitable"
|-
| colspan="1" style="text-align:center; background: Silver"|'''Recommendations for evaluation of sudden cardiac arrest survivors'''''
|-
| colspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:LemonChiffon"|'''[[2022 ESC Guidelines Classification Scheme#Classification of Recommendations|Class IIa]] ''([[2022 ESC Guidelines Classification Scheme#Level of Evidence|Level of Evidence: C]])'''''
|-
| bgcolor="LemonChiffon"|
* In [[SCA]] survivors, [[brain]]/ [[chest]] [[CT scan]] should be considered when [[patient]] characteristics, [[ECG]], and [[echocardiography]] are not consistent with a [[cardiac]] cause.
|-
| colspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:LightGreen"|'''[[2022 ESC Guidelines Classification Scheme#Classification of Recommendations|Class I]] ''([[2022 ESC Guidelines Classification Scheme#Level of Evidence|Level of Evidence: C]])'''''
|-
| bgcolor="LightGreen"|
* [[Echocardiography]] is recommended for evaluation of [[cardiac structure]] and [[function]] in all [[SCA]] survivors.
|}
 
{|class="wikitable"
|-
| colspan="1" style="text-align:center; background: Silver"|'''Recommendation for management of relatives of a patient with aarhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy'''''
|-
| colspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:LightGreen"|'''[[2022 ESC Guidelines Classification Scheme#Classification of Recommendations|Class I]] ''([[2022 ESC Guidelines Classification Scheme#Level of Evidence|Level of Evidence: C]])'''''
|-
| bgcolor="LightGreen"|
* In a [[first-degree relative]] of a [[patient]] with [[ARVC]], [[ECG]] and [[echocardiogram]] are recommended.
|}
 
{|class="wikitable"
|-
| colspan="1" style="text-align:center; background: Silver"|'''Recommendation for management of relatives of a patient with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy'''''
|-
| colspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:LightGreen"|'''[[2022 ESC Guidelines Classification Scheme#Classification of Recommendations|Class I]] ''([[2022 ESC Guidelines Classification Scheme#Level of Evidence|Level of Evidence: C]])'''''
|-
| bgcolor="LightGreen"|
* In a [[first-degree relative]] of a [[patient]] with [[HCM]], [[ECG]] and [[echocardiogram]] are recommended.
|}
 
{|class="wikitable"
|-
| colspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:LightGreen"|'''[[2022 ESC Guidelines Classification Scheme#Classification of Recommendations|Class I]] ''([[2022 ESC Guidelines Classification Scheme#Level of Evidence|Level of Evidence: B]])'''''
 
|-
| bgcolor="LightGreen"|
* Baseline [[familial evaluation]] of [[sudden arrhythmic death syndrome]] ([[SADS]]) decedents is recommended to include taking a [[medical history]] and performing [[physical examination]], standard and high [[precordial lead ECG]], [[echocardiography]], and [[exercise testing]].
|}
 
{|class="wikitable"
|-
| colspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:LightGreen"|'''[[2022 ESC Guidelines Classification Scheme#Classification of Recommendations|Class I]] ''([[2022 ESC Guidelines Classification Scheme#Level of Evidence|Level of Evidence: C]])'''''
 
|-
| bgcolor="LightGreen"|
* [[Coronary imaging]] and [[cardiac magnetic resonance]] ([[CMR]]) with late gadolinium enhancement ([[LGE]]) are recommended for evaluation of [[cardiac]] structure and function in all [[SCA]] survivors without a clear underlying cause.
|}
 
==2017AHA/ACC/HRS Guideline for management of [[sudden cardiac arrest]] and [[ventricular arrhythmia]]==
<ref name="Al-KhatibStevenson2018">{{cite journal|last1=Al-Khatib|first1=Sana M.|last2=Stevenson|first2=William G.|last3=Ackerman|first3=Michael J.|last4=Bryant|first4=William J.|last5=Callans|first5=David J.|last6=Curtis|first6=Anne B.|last7=Deal|first7=Barbara J.|last8=Dickfeld|first8=Timm|last9=Field|first9=Michael E.|last10=Fonarow|first10=Gregg C.|last11=Gillis|first11=Anne M.|last12=Granger|first12=Christopher B.|last13=Hammill|first13=Stephen C.|last14=Hlatky|first14=Mark A.|last15=Joglar|first15=José A.|last16=Kay|first16=G. Neal|last17=Matlock|first17=Daniel D.|last18=Myerburg|first18=Robert J.|last19=Page|first19=Richard L.|title=2017 AHA/ACC/HRS Guideline for Management of Patients With Ventricular Arrhythmias and the Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death|journal=Circulation|volume=138|issue=13|year=2018|issn=0009-7322|doi=10.1161/CIR.0000000000000549}}</ref>
 
{|class="wikitable"
|-
| colspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:Pink"|[[ACC AHA Guidelines Classification Scheme#Classification of Recommendations|Class I]] ''([[ACC AHA Guidelines Classification Scheme#Level of Evidence|Level of Evidence: B]])''
 
|-
| bgcolor="Pink"|
*[[ Echocardiography]] is recommended in patients with [[ventricular arrhythmia]] for evaluation of underlying [[structural heart disease]]
|}
 
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
 
{{WH}}
{{WS}}

Latest revision as of 18:38, 22 July 2023

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sara Zand, M.D.[2] Edzel Lorraine Co, DMD, MD[3]

Overview

Echocardiography may be helpful in the diagnosis the cause of lethal arrhythmia and sudden cardiac arrest.


Echocardiography

Echocardiography may be helpful in the diagnosis the cause of lethal arrhythmia and sudden cardiac arrest by assessment of the following:


2022 ESC Guidelines for the management of patients with ventricular arrythymias and the prevention of sudden cardiac death [2]

Recommendations for evaluation of sudden cardiac arrest survivors
Class IIa (Level of Evidence: C)
Class I (Level of Evidence: C)
Recommendation for management of relatives of a patient with aarhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy
Class I (Level of Evidence: C)
Recommendation for management of relatives of a patient with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Class I (Level of Evidence: C)
Class I (Level of Evidence: B)
Class I (Level of Evidence: C)

2017AHA/ACC/HRS Guideline for management of sudden cardiac arrest and ventricular arrhythmia

[3]

Class I (Level of Evidence: B)

References

  1. ↑ Parker, Brian K.; Salerno, Alexis; Euerle, Brian D. (2018). "The Use of Transesophageal Echocardiography During Cardiac Arrest Resuscitation: A Literature Review". Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine. 38 (5): 1141–1151. doi:10.1002/jum.14794. ISSN 0278-4297.
  2. ↑ Zeppenfeld K, Tfelt-Hansen J, de Riva M, Winkel BG, Behr ER, Blom NA; et al. (2022). "2022 ESC Guidelines for the management of patients with ventricular arrhythmias and the prevention of sudden cardiac death". Eur Heart J. 43 (40): 3997–4126. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehac262. PMID 36017572 Check |pmid= value (help).
  3. ↑ Al-Khatib, Sana M.; Stevenson, William G.; Ackerman, Michael J.; Bryant, William J.; Callans, David J.; Curtis, Anne B.; Deal, Barbara J.; Dickfeld, Timm; Field, Michael E.; Fonarow, Gregg C.; Gillis, Anne M.; Granger, Christopher B.; Hammill, Stephen C.; Hlatky, Mark A.; Joglar, José A.; Kay, G. Neal; Matlock, Daniel D.; Myerburg, Robert J.; Page, Richard L. (2018). "2017 AHA/ACC/HRS Guideline for Management of Patients With Ventricular Arrhythmias and the Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death". Circulation. 138 (13). doi:10.1161/CIR.0000000000000549. ISSN 0009-7322.

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