Gastroesophageal reflux disease causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Elsaiey, MBBCH [2]

Overview

Common causes of GERD include obesity, autonomic neuropathy, systemic sclerosis, esophageal achalasia, and hiatus hernia. Other causes of GERD include hypochlorhydria, hypercalcemia, and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.

Causes

Life threatining causes

• Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.There are no life-threatening causes of GERD.

Common causes

Common causes of GERD include the following:

• Obesity
• Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 1B
• Esophageal achalasia
• Ibuprofen lysine
• Hiatus hernia
• Pharyngeal pouch

Less common causes

Less common causes of GERD include the following:

• Hypochlorhydria
• Hypercalcemia, which can increase gastrin production, leading to increased acidity.
• Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, which can be present with increased gastric acidity due to gastrin production.
• Scleroderma and systemic sclerosis, which can feature esophageal dysmotility.

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular	No underlying causes
Chemical/Poisoning	No underlying causes
Dental	No underlying causes
Dermatologic	No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect	Apremilast, febuxostat, ibuprofen lysine, naproxen and esomeprazole magnesium, pirfenidone, pramipexole, ritonavir,
Ear Nose Throat	No underlying causes
Endocrine	No underlying causes
Environmental	No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic	No underlying causes
Genetic	No underlying causes
Hematologic	No underlying causes
Iatrogenic	No underlying causes
Infectious Disease	No underlying causes
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic	No underlying causes
Neurologic	No underlying causes
Nutritional/Metabolic	No underlying causes
Obstetric/Gynecologic	No underlying causes
Oncologic	No underlying causes
Ophthalmologic	No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity	No underlying causes
Psychiatric	No underlying causes
Pulmonary	No underlying causes
Renal/Electrolyte	No underlying causes
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy	No underlying causes
Sexual	No underlying causes
Trauma	No underlying causes
Urologic	No underlying causes
Miscellaneous	No underlying causes