Nephrotic syndrome causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Yazan Daaboul, Serge Korjian

Overview

Nephrotic syndrome can be either primary or secondary to diseases. Primary renal disorders, such as primary glomerulonephritides, may cause primary nephrotic syndrome. The most common cause of secondary nephrotic syndrome in adults is diabetes mellitus.

Causes

Primary Causes

Primary renal disorders, such as primary glomerulonephritides, may cause primary nephrotic syndrome. Differentiation between different types of glomerular diseases is often made by clinical suspicion and by renal biopsy, which includes light microscopy, immunofluorescence, and ideally electron microscopy.

Secondary Causes

Secondary causes of renal disorders cause secondary nephrotic syndrome. The most common cause of secondary nephrotic syndrome in adults is diabetes mellitus. Shown below is a table of the causes of nephrotic syndrome by age group.


Common Causes of Nephrotic Syndrome by Age
Age (Years) Cause of Nephrotic Syndrome
< 15
15-40
> 40
Adapted from Rose BD. Pathophysiology of renal diseases, ed. 2. New York, McGraw-Hill, 1987,p. 167

List of Secondary Causes of Nephrotic Syndrome[1]

Drug Induced

References

  1. Eddy AA, Symons JM (2003). "Nephrotic syndrome in childhood". Lancet. 362 (9384): 629–39. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14184-0. PMID 12944064.

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