Motilin

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Phone:617-632-7753

Overview

Motilin/ghrelin
Identifiers
Symbol	Motilin_ghrelin
Pfam	PF04644
InterPro	IPR006738
SCOP	1lbj
SUPERFAMILY	1lbj
OPM superfamily	154
OPM protein	1lbj
Available protein structures: Pfam structures PDB RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj PDBsum structure summary

Motilin
Identifiers
Symbol	MLN
Entrez	4295
HUGO	7141
OMIM	158270
RefSeq	NM_001040109
UniProt	P12872
Other data
Locus	Chr. 6 p21.3-p21.2

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List of terms related to Motilin

Overview

Motilin is a polypeptide hormone secreted by Mo cells of the small intestine that increases the migrating myoelectric complex component of gastrointestinal motility and stimulates the production of pepsin. Control of motilin secretion is largely unknown, although some studies suggest that an alkaline pH in the duodenum stimulates its release. Interestingly however, at low pH it inhibits gastric motor activity, whereas at high pH it has a stimulatory effect.

Apart from in humans, motilin receptors are found in pigs', rats',cows' and cats' gastrointestinal tracts and in rabbits' central nervous systems.

Motilin agonists

Erythromycin and related antibiotics act as non-peptide motilin agonists, and are sometimes used for their ability to stimulate gastrointestinal motility. Administration of a low dose of erythromycin will induce peristalsis, which provides additional support for the conclusion that motilin secretion triggers this pattern of gastrointestinal motility, rather than results from it. However, some of erythromycin’s properties, including antibiotic activity, are not appropriate for a drug designed for chronic use over a patient's lifetime.

New motilin agonists are erythromycin based, however, it may be that this class of drugs becomes redundant; growth hormone secretagogue receptors share 52% of their DNA with motilin receptors and agonists of these receptors, termed ghrelins, can bring about similar effects to motilin agonists.

Related peptides

This domain is also found in ghrelin, a growth hormone secretagogue synthesised by endocrine cells in the stomach. Ghrelin stimulates growth hormone secretagogue receptors in the pituitary. These receptors are distinct from the growth hormone-releasing hormone receptors, and thus provide a means of controlling pituitary growth hormone release by the gastr ointestinal system.

External links

• Essentials of Human Physiology by Thomas M. Nosek. Section 6/6ch2/s6ch2_26.
• Motilin at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

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