Chest pain causes: Difference between revisions

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{{Chest pain}}
{{Chest pain}}


{{CMG}}; {{KS}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{Aisha}}, {{KS}},{{nuha}}


==Overview==
==Overview==
There are many organ systems, that when affected, can lead to the symptoms of chest pain. The most common organs involved are the [[heart]], [[lungs]], and the [[digestive system]]. [[Psychiatric disorders]], can also lead to the perception of chest pain. The most important facet of diagnosis is distinguishing the life-threatening causes of chest pain, to the more benign causes.
Life threatening causes of chest pain include [[myocardial infarction]], [[aortic dissection]], [[pulmonary embolism]], [[tension pneumothorax]], and [[esophageal rupture]]. Other common causes of chest pain include [[GERD]], chest wall tenderness, [[achalasia]], [[pneumonia]], and [[anxiety]].


==Causes==
==Causes==
===Life Threatening Causes===
Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.


* [[Aortic dissection]]
===Life Threatening Causes<ref name="pmid27981367">{{cite journal| author=Wächter C, Markus B, Schieffer B| title=[Cardiac causes of chest pain]. | journal=Internist (Berl) | year= 2017 | volume= 58 | issue= 1 | pages= 8-21 | pmid=27981367 | doi=10.1007/s00108-016-0165-0 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27981367  }}</ref><ref name="HoorwegWillemsen2017">{{cite journal|last1=Hoorweg|first1=Beatrijs BN|last2=Willemsen|first2=Robert TA|last3=Cleef|first3=Lotte E|last4=Boogaerts|first4=Tom|last5=Buntinx|first5=Frank|last6=Glatz|first6=Jan FC|last7=Dinant|first7=Geert Jan|title=Frequency of chest pain in primary care, diagnostic tests performed and final diagnoses|journal=Heart|volume=103|issue=21|year=2017|pages=1727–1732|issn=1355-6037|doi=10.1136/heartjnl-2016-310905}}</ref>===
* [[Coarctation of the aorta]]
 
* [[Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]]
*[[Aortic dissection]]<ref name="pmid28871571">{{cite journal| author=Gawinecka J, Schönrath F, von Eckardstein A| title=Acute aortic dissection: pathogenesis, risk factors and diagnosis. | journal=Swiss Med Wkly | year= 2017 | volume= 147 | issue=  | pages= w14489 | pmid=28871571 | doi=10.4414/smw.2017.14489 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=28871571  }}</ref>
* [[Myocarditis]]
*[[Esophageal rupture]]
* [[Pericarditis]]
*[[Myocardial infarction]]<ref name="pmid28634285">{{cite journal| author=Hoorweg BB, Willemsen RT, Cleef LE, Boogaerts T, Buntinx F, Glatz JF | display-authors=etal| title=Frequency of chest pain in primary care, diagnostic tests performed and final diagnoses. | journal=Heart | year= 2017 | volume= 103 | issue= 21 | pages= 1727-1732 | pmid=28634285 | doi=10.1136/heartjnl-2016-310905 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=28634285  }}</ref>
* [[Pulmonary embolism]]
*[[Myocarditis]]
* [[Spontaneous pneumothorax]]
*[[Pulmonary embolism]]
* [[Unstable angina]]
*[[Tension pneumothorax]]<ref name="pmid25264729">{{cite journal| author=Swierzy M, Helmig M, Ismail M, Rückert J, Walles T, Neudecker J| title=[Pneumothorax]. | journal=Zentralbl Chir | year= 2014 | volume= 139 Suppl 1 | issue=  | pages= S69-86; quiz S87 | pmid=25264729 | doi=10.1055/s-0034-1383029 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25264729  }}</ref>
 
===Common Causes<ref name="pmid20837193">{{cite journal| author=Lenfant C| title=Chest pain of cardiac and noncardiac origin. | journal=Metabolism | year= 2010 | volume= 59 Suppl 1 | issue=  | pages= S41-6 | pmid=20837193 | doi=10.1016/j.metabol.2010.07.014 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20837193  }}</ref><ref name="pmid27986981">{{cite journal| author=Jany B| title=[Pulmonary causes of chest pain]. | journal=Internist (Berl) | year= 2017 | volume= 58 | issue= 1 | pages= 22-28 | pmid=27986981 | doi=10.1007/s00108-016-0169-9 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27986981  }}</ref>===


===Common Causes===
*[[Achalasia]]
*[[Achalasia]]
*[[Anxiety]]
*[[Anxiety]]
Line 28: Line 27:
*[[Pancreatitis]]
*[[Pancreatitis]]
*[[Panic disorder]]
*[[Panic disorder]]
*[[Pericarditis]]
*[[Pneumonia]]
*[[Pneumonia]]
*[[Precordial catch syndrome|Precordial catch]]
*[[Precordial catch syndrome|Precordial catch]]
*[[Unstable angina]]
*


===Causes by Organ System===
===Causes by Organ System===


{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
{| style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Cardiovascular'''
| style="width:25%" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" ; border="1" |'''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" |[[Accelerated hypertension]], [[aortic dissection|acute aortic dissection]], [[acute coronary syndrome]], [[aortic aneurysm]], [[aortic coarctation]], [[aortic Stenosis]], [[arryhthmias]], [[atheroma]], [[atrial fibrillation]], [[atrial flutter]], [[atrial myxoma]], Bergman syndrome, Bernheim syndrome, [[Bland-White-Garland Syndrome]], [[cardiac syndrome X]], [[cardiomyopathy]], [[cardiopulmonary resuscitation]], [[chronic stable angina]], [[cor pulmonale]], [[coronary artery dissection]], [[coronary heart disease]], [[mitral valve prolapse]], [[dilated cardiomyopathy]], [[Dressler's syndrome]], [[Eisenmenger syndrome]], [[familial hypercholesterolemia]], [[heart attack]], [[Syphilitic aortitis|Heller-dohle disease]], [[hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]], [[ischemic heart disease]], [[isolated coronary artery anomalies]], [[Kawasaki disease]], [[left ventricular hypertrophy]], [[STEMI|myocardial infarction]] [[myocarditis]], [[tamponade|pericardial tamponade]], [[non ST elevation MI]], [[pericarditis]], [[prinzmetal angina]], [[ST elevation MI]], [[stress cardiomyopathy]], [[Takotsubos cardiomyopathy]], [[unstable angina]], 
| style="width:75%" bgcolor="Beige" ; border="1" |[[Accelerated hypertension]], [[aortic dissection|acute aortic dissection]], [[acute coronary syndrome]], [[aortic aneurysm]], [[aortic coarctation]], [[aortic Stenosis]], [[arryhthmias]], [[atheroma]], [[atrial fibrillation]], [[atrial flutter]], [[atrial myxoma]], Bergman syndrome, Bernheim syndrome, [[Bland-White-Garland Syndrome]], [[cardiac syndrome X]], [[cardiomyopathy]], [[cardiopulmonary resuscitation]], [[chronic stable angina]], [[cor pulmonale]], [[coronary artery dissection]], [[coronary heart disease]], [[dilated cardiomyopathy]], [[Dressler's syndrome]], [[Eisenmenger syndrome]], [[familial hypercholesterolemia]], [[heart attack]], [[Syphilitic aortitis|Heller-dohle disease]], [[hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]], [[ischemic heart disease]], [[isolated coronary artery anomalies]], [[Kawasaki disease]], [[left ventricular hypertrophy]], [[mitral valve prolapse]], [[STEMI|myocardial infarction]] [[myocarditis]], [[non ST elevation MI]], [[tamponade|pericardial tamponade]], [[pericarditis]], [[prinzmetal angina]], [[pulmonary embolism]], [[ST elevation MI]], [[stress cardiomyopathy]], [[Takotsubos cardiomyopathy]], [[unstable angina]]
|-
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
|bgcolor="Beige"||[[Dimethyl hydrazine|Dimethyl hydrazine|1,1-Dimethyl hydrazine]], [[1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane]], [[acetonitrile]], [[acrylonitrile]], [[arsenic|arsenic dioxide]], [[arsenicals]], [[carbon monoxide]], [[lead]]  
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Chemical/Poisoning'''
| '''Dental'''
| bgcolor="Beige" |[[Dimethyl hydrazine|1,1-Dimethyl hydrazine]], [[1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane]], [[acetonitrile]], [[acrylonitrile]], [[arsenic|arsenic dioxide]], [[arsenicals]], [[carbon monoxide]], [[lead]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Dental'''
| '''Dermatologic'''
| bgcolor="Beige" |No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Herpes zoster]], [[SAPHO syndrome]] 
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Dermatologic'''
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
| bgcolor="Beige" |[[Herpes zoster]], [[SAPHO syndrome]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Drug Side Effect'''
| '''Ear Nose Throat'''
| bgcolor="Beige" |[[Adenosine]], [[amonafide]], [[amphetamine]], [[aztreonam]], [[bedaquiline fumarate]], [[cidofovir]], [[clomifene]], [[corticorelin]], [[cytarabine]], [[cytarabine|cytosine arabinoside syndrome]][[desmopressin]], [[dimercaprol]], [[disulfiram]], [[dolasetron mesylate]], [[dornase Alfa]], [[febuxostat]], [[fesoterodine]], [[gemeprost]], [[glatiramer acetate]], [[idarubicin hydrochloride]], [[indomethacin]], [[interferon gamma]], [[iodixanol]], [[ivacaftor]], [[latanoprost]], [[levalbuterol]], [[megestrol]], [[meropenem]],[[nylidrin]], [[methacholine]], [[nabilone]], [[naratriptan]], [[Oprelvekin]], [[phenylephrine]], [[porfimer]], [[porfimer]],[[regadenoson]], [[ramucirumab]], [[repaglinide]], [[Repaglinide and Metformin hydrochloride|repaglinide and metformin hydrochloride]], [[rifaximin]], [[rizatriptan]], [[sargramostim]], [[sertraline]], [[sumatriptan]], [[taliglucerase alfa]],  [[tamsulosin]], [[thalidomide]], [[tiagabine]], [[tolmetin]], [[topiramate]], [[travoprost]], [[triazolam]], [[trospium]], [[zolmitriptan]], [[zonisamide]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Ear Nose Throat'''
| '''Endocrine'''
| bgcolor="Beige" |[[Retropharyngeal abscess]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Endocrine'''
| '''Environmental'''
| bgcolor="Beige" |[[Acromegaly]], [[conn's Syndrome]], [[gynecomastia]], [[hyperthyroidism]], [[hypothyroidism]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Environmental'''
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
| bgcolor="Beige" |No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Gastroenterologic'''
| '''Genetic'''
| bgcolor="Beige" |[[Abdominal distension]], [[achalasia]], [[Barret’s esophagus]], Bergman syndrome, [[cholecystitis]], [[cholelithiasis]], [[diverticulitis]], [[duodenitis]], [[esophageal cyst]], [[esophageal rupture]], [[esophageal spasm]], [[esophagitis]], [[foreign body]], [[gallbladder disease]], [[gas]], [[gastritis]],[[gastroesophageal reflux]] ([[GERD]]), [[hiatus hernia]], [[impacted stone]], [[irritable bowel disease]], [[liver abscess]], [[Mallory-Weiss Syndrome]], [[neoplasm]],[[nutcracker's esophagus|nutcracker's esophagus]], [[pancreatitis]], [[peptic ulcer disease]], [[perforated ulcer]], [[peritonitis]], [[Plummer-Vinson Syndrome]], [[pneumoperitoneum]] [[rumination disorder]], [[splenomegaly|splenic enlargement]], [[splenic infarction]], [[subdiaphragmatic abcsess]], [[subphrenic abscess]], [[Whipple's Disease]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Genetic'''
| '''Hematologic'''
| bgcolor="Beige" |[[Fabry disease]] , [[familial hypercholesterolemia]], [[familial mediterranean fever]], [[recurrent hereditary polyserositis]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Hematologic'''
| '''Iatrogenic'''
| bgcolor="Beige" |[[Acute intermittent porphyria]], [[autoimmune hemolytic anemia]], [[blood transfusion|blood transfusion complication]], [[langerhans' cell histiocytosis]] , [[lymphangiomyomatosis]], [[pulmonary embolism]],  [[sickle cell anemia]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Iatrogenic'''
| '''Infectious Disease'''
| bgcolor="Beige" |No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Herpes zoster]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Infectious Disease'''
| '''Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic'''
| bgcolor="Beige" |[[Alveolar hydatid disease]], [[ankylostomiasis]], [[Bornholm disease]], [[chagas disease]], [[cryptococcosis]], [[hepatitis]], [[herpes zoster]], [[Herpes zoster]],[[Actinomyces]], [[histoplasmosis]], [[HIV|HIV infection]], [[lassa fever]], [[Legionnaires' disease]], [[mycoplasma pneumonia]], [[peritonitis]], [[pneumonia]], [[Pott's Disease]], [[Subdiaphragmatic abcsess]], [[trichinella spiralis]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[SAPHO syndrome]]  
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic'''
| '''Neurologic'''
| bgcolor="Beige" |[[SAPHO syndrome]], [[Ankylosing spondylitis]] , [[Bechterew's Disease]], [[chest wall pain syndrome]], [[chondritis]], [[tendinitis|costosternal tendinitis]], [[connective tissue disease]], [[chondritis]], [[costochondritis]], [[tendinitis|costochondrol tendinitis]], [[degenerative changes of cervical spine]], [[fibromyalgia]], [[fractured rib]], [[intercostal muscle spasm]], [[intercostal neuralgia]], [[interstitial fibrosis]], [[muscle strain or spasm]], [[musculoskeletal pain ]] , [[myofascial pain syndrome|myofascial pain]], [[myostitis]], [[Pectus excavatum]], [[periostitis]], [[precordial catch syndrome]] [[bursitis|shoulder bursitis]], [[radiculitis]], [[pain|rib pain]], [[SAPHO syndrome]], [[tendinitis|shoulder tendinitis]], [[tumor|Soft tissue sarcoma or tumor]], [[arthritis|sternoclavicular arthritis]], [[strain (injury)|strain of pectoralis muscle]], [[thoracic outlet syndrome]], [[Tietze's syndrome]], [[back pain|vertebrogenic thoracic pain]], [[xiphodynia]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Neurologic'''
| '''Nutritional/Metabolic'''
| bgcolor="Beige" |[[Acute spinal cord injury]], [[migraine headache]], [[neuritis]], [[shingles]], [[tabes dorsalis]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Nutritional/Metabolic'''
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
| bgcolor="Beige" |[[Glycogenosis]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
| '''Oncologic'''
| bgcolor="Beige" |[[Mastalgia]], [[Mondor's disease]], [[thelarche]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Oncologic'''
| '''Ophthalmologic'''
| bgcolor="Beige" |[[Bone tumor]], [[bronchial carcinoma]], [[bronchogenic carcinoma]], [[liver cancer]], [[langerhans' cell histiocytosis]], [[mediastinal tumor]], [[mesothelioma]], [[metastatic tumor]], [[neurofibroma]], [[pheochromocytoma]], [[pleural fibroma]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Ophthalmologic'''
| '''Overdose/Toxicity'''
| bgcolor="Beige" |No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Overdose/Toxicity'''
| '''Psychiatric'''
| bgcolor="Beige" |No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Psychiatric'''
| '''Pulmonary'''
| bgcolor="Beige" |[[Affective disorders]] (e.g., [[anxiety|anxiety disorders]], [[chronic fatigue syndrome]], [[Da costa's syndrome]], [[depression]]), [[fabricated or induced illness]], [[factitious disorders]] (e.g. [[münchausen syndrome]], [[delusions|fixed delusions]]) [[hyperventilation syndrome]], [[functional disorders]], [[münchausen syndrome|hospital addiction syndrome]], [[hypochondria]], [[panic attack]], [[somatization disorder]], [[somatoform disorder]]s, [[thought disorder]]s
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Wegner's Granulomatosis|wegner's granulomatosis]],
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Pulmonary'''
| '''Renal/Electrolyte'''
| bgcolor="Beige" |[[Alveolar hydatid disease]] [[anthracosis]], [[asbestosis]], [[asthma]], [[barotrauma]], [[bronchial carcinoma]], [[bronchiectasis]], [[bronchitis]], [[bronchogenic carcinoma]], [[bronchogenic cyst]], [[cough|chronic cough]], [[chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]] ([[COPD]]), [[cor pulmonale]], [[empyema]], [[foreign body aspiration]] [[Goodpasture's syndrome]], [[hemothorax]], [[hyperventilation]], [[Interstitial lung disease]], [[laryngotracheitis]], [[legionnaires' disease]], [[lung abscess]], [[lung Cancer]], [[lymphoma]], [[mediastinitis]], [[mesothelioma]], [[mycoplasma pneumonia]],  [[pleural effusion]], [[pleural empyema]], [[pleural fibroma]], [[pleuritis]],[[pleurodynia]], [[pneumoconiosis]], [[pneumomediastinum]], [[pneumonia]], [[pneumothorax]], [[pulmonary embolism]], [[pulmonary infarction]], [[respiratory alkalosis]],[[silicosis]], [[pneumothorax|tension pneumothorax]], [[thymoma]], [[tracheitis]], [[tracheoesophageal abscess]], [[tuberculosis]],  [[Wegner's Granulomatosis|wegner's granulomatosis]]
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Wegner's Granulomatosis|Wegner's granulomatosis]],
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Renal/Electrolyte'''
| '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
| bgcolor="Beige" |[[Goodpasture's syndrome]] , [[Wegner's Granulomatosis|Wegner's granulomatosis]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Wegner's Granulomatosis|Wegner's granulomatosis]],
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
| '''Sexual'''
| bgcolor="Beige" |[[Atopy]], [[autoimmune hemolytic anemia]] , [[chondritis]], [[connective tissue disease]], [[costochondritis]], [[degenerative changes of cervical spine]], [[familial mediterranean fever]], [[fibromyalgia]], [[Goodpasture's syndrome]], [[langerhans' cell histiocytosis]], [[recurrent hereditary polyserositis]], [[Wegner's Granulomatosis|Wegner's granulomatosis]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Sexual'''
| '''Trauma'''
| bgcolor="Beige" |No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Trauma'''
| '''Urologic'''
| bgcolor="Beige" |[[Acute spinal cord injury]], [[barotrauma]], chest wall injuries
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Urologic'''
| '''Miscellaneous'''
| bgcolor="Beige" |No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Air embolism]]
|-
|-
| bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Miscellaneous'''
| bgcolor="Beige" |[[Air embolism]],[[Chinese restaurant syndrome]], [[decompression sickness]] , [[Idiopathic]]
|}
|}
===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
{{Columns-list|3|
*[[dimethyl hydrazine|1,1-Dimethyl hydrazine]]
*[[1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane]]
*[[Abdominal distension]]
*[[Accelerated hypertension]]
*[[Acetonitrile]]
*[[Achalasia]]
*[[Acromegaly]]
*[[Acrylonitrile]]
*[[Actinomyces]]
*[[Aortic Dissection|Acute Aortic Dissection]]
*[[Acute Coronary Syndrome]]
*[[Acute intermittent porphyria]]
*[[Acute spinal cord injury]]
*[[Adenosine]]
*[[Affective disorders]] (e.g., [[depression]])
*[[Air embolism]]
*[[Alveolar hydatid disease]]
*[[Amonafide]]
*[[Amphetamine]]
*[[Ankylosing spondylitis]]
*[[Ankylostomiasis]]
*[[Anthracosis]]
*[[Anxiety|Anxiety disorders]]
*[[Aortic Aneurysm]]
*[[Aortic coarctation]]
*[[Aortic dissection]]
*[[Aortic Stenosis]]
*[[Arryhthmias]]
*[[arsenic|Arsenic dioxide]]
*[[Arsenic trioxide]]
*[[Arsenicals]]
*[[Asbestosis]]
*[[Asthma]]
*[[Atheroma]]
*[[Atopy]]
*[[Atrial flutter]]
*[[Atrial fibrillation]]
*[[Atrial myxoma]]
*[[Autoimmune hemolytic anemia]]
*[[Aztreonam]]
*[[Barotrauma]]
*[[Barret’s esophagus]]
*[[Bechterew's Disease]]
*Bergman syndrome
*Bernheim syndrome
*[[Bland-White-Garland Syndrome]]
*[[Blood transfusion |Blood transfusion complication]]
*[[Bone tumor]]
*[[Bornholm disease]]
*[[Bronchial carcinoma]]
*[[Bronchiectasis]]
*[[Bronchitis]]
*[[Bronchogenic carcinoma]]
*[[Bronchogenic cyst]]
*[[Carbon monoxide]]
*[[Carcinoma]]
*[[Carcinomatous]]
*[[Cardiac syndrome X]]
*[[Cardiomyopathy]]
*[[Cardiopulmonary resuscitation]]
*[[Chagas disease]]
*[[Chest cartilage disorder]]
*[[Chondritis]]
*Chest wall injuries
*[[Chest wall pain syndrome]]
*[[Chinese restaurant syndrome]]
*[[Cholecystitis]]
*[[Cholelithiasis]]
*[[Chronic fatigue syndrome]]
*[[Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease]] ([[COPD]])
*[[Chronic Stable Angina]]
*[[Cough|Chronic cough]]
*[[Cidofovir]]
*[[Cocaine]]
*Collagen vascular disease with pleuritis
*[[Conn's Syndrome]]
*[[Connective tissue disease]]
*[[Cor pulmonale]]
*[[Coronary artery dissection]]
*[[Coronary Heart Disease]]
*[[Costochondritis]]
*[[Tendinitis|Costocondrial tendinitis]]
*[[Tendinitis|Costosternal tendinitis]]
*[[Cryptococcosis]]
*[[Cytosine arabinoside syndrome]]
*[[Cytarabine]]
*[[Da costa's syndrome]]
*[[Decompression sickness]]
*[[Degenerative changes of cervical spine]]
*[[Desmopressin]]
*[[Dilated cardiomyopathy]]
*[[Diverticulitis]]
*[[Dressler's syndrome | Dressler's syndrome (postpericardiotomy)]]
*[[Migraine medical therapy|Drugs to treat migraine headache]]
*[[Duodenitis]]
*[[Eisenmenger syndrome]]
*[[Empyema]]
*[[Esophageal cyst]]
*[[Esophageal rupture]]
*[[Esophageal spasm]]
*[[Esophagitis]]
*[[Fabricated or induced illness]]
*[[Fabry disease]]
*[[Factitious disorders]] (e.g. [[Münchausen syndrome]])
*[[Familial hypercholesterolemia]]
*[[Familial mediterranean fever]]
*[[Fibrocystic disease]]
*[[Fibromyalgia]]
*[[Foreign body aspiration]]
*[[Foreign body]]
*[[Fractured rib]]
*[[Functional disorders]]
*[[Gallbladder disease]]
*[[Gas]]
*[[Gastritis]]
*[[Gastroesophageal reflux]] ([[GERD]])
*[[Gemeprost]]
*[[Glatiramer acetate]]
*[[Glycogenosis]]
*[[Goodpasture's syndrome]]
*[[Gynecomastia]]
*[[Heart attack]]
*[[Syphilitic aortitis|Heller-Dohle disease]]
*[[Hemothorax]]
*[[Hepatitis]]
*[[Herpes zoster]]
*[[Hiatus Hernia]]
*[[Histoplasmosis]]
*[[HIV|HIV infection]]
*[[Munchausen syndrome|Hospital addiction syndrome]]
*[[Hyperthyroidism]]
*[[Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]]
*[[Hyperventilation]]
*[[Hyperventilation syndrome]]
*[[Hypochondria]]
*[[Hypothyroidism]]
*[[Idarubicin hydrochloride]]
*[[Idiopathic]]
*[[Impacted stone]]
*[[Infection]]
*[[Infliximab]]
*[[Irritable bowel disease]]
*[[Intercostal muscle spasm]]
*[[Intercostal neuralgia]]
*[[Interferon gamma]]
*[[Interstitial fibrosis]]
*[[Interstitial lung disease]]
*[[Iodixanol]]
*[[Isolated coronary artery anomalies]]
*[[Ischemic heart disease]]
*[[Ivacaftor]]
*[[Kawasaki disease]]
*[[Langerhans' cell histiocytosis]]
*[[Laryngotracheitis]]
*[[Lassa fever]]
*[[Lead]]
*[[Left ventricular hypertrophy]]
*[[Legionnaires' disease]]
*[[Liver abscess]]
*[[Liver cancer]]
*[[Lung Abscess]]
*[[Lung Cancer]]
*[[Lymphangiomyomatosis]]
*[[Lymphoma]]
*[[Mallory-Weiss Syndrome]]
*[[Mastalgia]]
*[[Mediastinal tumor]]
*[[Mediastinitis]]
*[[Mesothelioma]]
*[[Mesothelioma]]
*[[Metastatic tumor]]
*[[Mitral valve prolapse]]
*[[Mondor's disease]]
*[[Musculoskeletal pain ]]
*[[Muscle strain or spasm]]
*[[Mycoplasma pneumonia]]
*[[Myocarditis]]
*[[Myocardial infarction]]
*[[Myofascial pain syndrome|Myofascial pain]]
*[[Myostitis]]
*[[Naratriptan]]
*[[Nabilone]]
*[[Neoplasm]]
*[[Neuritis]]
*[[Neurofibroma]]
*[[non ST elevation MI]]
*[[nutcracker's esophagus|Nutcracker's esophagus]]
*[[Nylidrin]]
*[[Oprelvekin]]
*[[Pancreatitis]]
*[[Panic attack]]
*[[Pectus excavatum]]
*[[Peptic ulcer disease]]
*[[Perforated ulcer]]
*[[Pericardial effusion]]
*[[tamponade|Pericardial tamponade]]
*[[Pericarditis]]
*[[Periostitis]]
*[[Peritonitis]]
*[[Pheochromocytoma]]
*[[Pleural Effusion]]
*[[Pleural empyema]]
*[[Pleural fibroma]]
*[[Pleurisy]]
*[[Pleuritis]]
*[[Pleurodynia]]
*[[Plummer-Vinson Syndrome]]
*[[Pneumoconiosis]]
*[[Pneumomediastinum]]
*[[Pneumonia]]
*[[Pneumoperitoneum]]
*[[Pneumothorax]]
*[[Porfimer]]
*[[Pott's Disease]]
*[[Precordial catch syndrome]]
*[[Pregnancy ]]
*[[Prinzmetal angina]]
*[[Mitral valve prolapse|Prolapsed mitral cusp]]
*[[Psychiatric]]
*[[Pulmonary embolism]]
*[[Pulmonary hypertension]]
*[[Pulmonary infarction]]
*[[Syphilis|Quaternary syphilis]]
*[[Radiculitis]]
*[[Recurrent hereditary polyserositis]]
*[[Regadenoson]]
*[[Respiratory alkalosis]]
*[[Retropharyngeal abscess]]
*[[Pain|Rib pain]]
*[[Rizatriptan]]
*[[Rumination disorder]]
*[[SAPHO syndrome]]
*[[Sarcoidosis]]
*[[Sargramostim]]
*[[Exertion|Severe exertion]]
*[[Shingles]]
*[[bursitis|Shoulder bursitis]]
*[[tendinitis|Shoulder tendinitis]]
*[[Sickle cell anemia]]
*[[Silicosis]]
*[[SLE]]
*[[Tietze's Syndrome|Slipping rib syndrome]]
*[[tumor|Soft tissue sarcoma or tumor]]
*[[Somatization disorder]]
*[[Somatoform disorder]]s
*[[Splenomegaly|Splenic enlargement]]
*[[Degenerative disc disease|Spinal arthritis]]
*[[Spinal cord compression ]]
*[[Spinal disease]]
*[[Spondylosis|Spinal spondylosis]]
*[[Spinal cord tumor|Spinal tumor]]
*[[Splenic infarction]]
*[[Ruptured spleen|Spleen rupture]]
*[[ST elevation MI]]
*[[Stable angina]]
*[[Stress]]
*[[Arthritis|Sternoclavicular arthritis]]
*[[Strain (injury)|Strain of pectoralis muscle]]
*[[Stress cardiomyopathy]]
*[[Subdiaphragmatic abscess]]
*[[Subphrenic abscess]]
*[[Sumatriptan]]
*[[Tabes dorsalis]]
*[[Tachyarrhythmias]]
*[[Takotsubos cardiomyopathy]]
*[[pneumothorax|Tension pneumothorax]]
*[[Thallium]]
*[[Thelarche]]
*[[Thoracic Outlet Syndrome]]
*Thought disorders (e.g., fixed delusions)
*[[Thymoma]]
*[[Tiagabine]]
*[[Tietze's syndrome]]
*[[Tracheitis]]
*[[Tracheoesophageal abscess]]
*[[Trauma]]
*[[Trichinella spiralis]]
*[[Tuberculosis]]
*[[Tumor]]
*[[unstable angina]]
*[[Variant angina ]]
*[[Varicella-zoster virus]]
*Vertebrogenic thoracic pain
*[[Wegner's Granulomatosis]]
*[[Whipple's Disease]]
*[[Xiphodynia]]
*[[Zolmitriptan]]
}}


==References==
==References==
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[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
[[Category:Mature chapter]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date cardiology]]

Latest revision as of 18:14, 15 December 2021

Chest pain Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Chest pain from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Chest Pain in Pregnancy

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Study of Choice

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

X-ray

Echocardiography and Ultrasound

CT scan

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Other Imaging Findings

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Treatment

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cited articles

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to Hospitals Treating Chest pain causes

Risk calculators and risk factors for Chest pain causes

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aisha Adigun, B.Sc., M.D.[2], Kiran Singh, M.D. [3],Nuha Al-Howthi, MD[4]

Overview

Life threatening causes of chest pain include myocardial infarction, aortic dissection, pulmonary embolism, tension pneumothorax, and esophageal rupture. Other common causes of chest pain include GERD, chest wall tenderness, achalasia, pneumonia, and anxiety.

Causes

Life Threatening Causes[1][2]

Common Causes[6][7]

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular Accelerated hypertension, acute aortic dissection, acute coronary syndrome, aortic aneurysm, aortic coarctation, aortic Stenosis, arryhthmias, atheroma, atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, atrial myxoma, Bergman syndrome, Bernheim syndrome, Bland-White-Garland Syndrome, cardiac syndrome X, cardiomyopathy, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, chronic stable angina, cor pulmonale, coronary artery dissection, coronary heart disease, dilated cardiomyopathy, Dressler's syndrome, Eisenmenger syndrome, familial hypercholesterolemia, heart attack, Heller-dohle disease, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, ischemic heart disease, isolated coronary artery anomalies, Kawasaki disease, left ventricular hypertrophy, mitral valve prolapse, myocardial infarction myocarditis, non ST elevation MI, pericardial tamponade, pericarditis, prinzmetal angina, pulmonary embolism, ST elevation MI, stress cardiomyopathy, Takotsubos cardiomyopathy, unstable angina
Chemical/Poisoning 1,1-Dimethyl hydrazine, 1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane, acetonitrile, acrylonitrile, arsenic dioxide, arsenicals, carbon monoxide, lead
Dental No underlying causes
Dermatologic Herpes zoster, SAPHO syndrome
Drug Side Effect Adenosine, amonafide, amphetamine, aztreonam, bedaquiline fumarate, cidofovir, clomifene, corticorelin, cytarabine, cytosine arabinoside syndromedesmopressin, dimercaprol, disulfiram, dolasetron mesylate, dornase Alfa, febuxostat, fesoterodine, gemeprost, glatiramer acetate, idarubicin hydrochloride, indomethacin, interferon gamma, iodixanol, ivacaftor, latanoprost, levalbuterol, megestrol, meropenem,nylidrin, methacholine, nabilone, naratriptan, Oprelvekin, phenylephrine, porfimer, porfimer,regadenoson, ramucirumab, repaglinide, repaglinide and metformin hydrochloride, rifaximin, rizatriptan, sargramostim, sertraline, sumatriptan, taliglucerase alfa, tamsulosin, thalidomide, tiagabine, tolmetin, topiramate, travoprost, triazolam, trospium, zolmitriptan, zonisamide
Ear Nose Throat Retropharyngeal abscess
Endocrine Acromegaly, conn's Syndrome, gynecomastia, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism
Environmental No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic Abdominal distension, achalasia, Barret’s esophagus, Bergman syndrome, cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, diverticulitis, duodenitis, esophageal cyst, esophageal rupture, esophageal spasm, esophagitis, foreign body, gallbladder disease, gas, gastritis,gastroesophageal reflux (GERD), hiatus hernia, impacted stone, irritable bowel disease, liver abscess, Mallory-Weiss Syndrome, neoplasm,nutcracker's esophagus, pancreatitis, peptic ulcer disease, perforated ulcer, peritonitis, Plummer-Vinson Syndrome, pneumoperitoneum rumination disorder, splenic enlargement, splenic infarction, subdiaphragmatic abcsess, subphrenic abscess, Whipple's Disease
Genetic Fabry disease , familial hypercholesterolemia, familial mediterranean fever, recurrent hereditary polyserositis
Hematologic Acute intermittent porphyria, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, blood transfusion complication, langerhans' cell histiocytosis , lymphangiomyomatosis, pulmonary embolism, sickle cell anemia
Iatrogenic No underlying causes
Infectious Disease Alveolar hydatid disease, ankylostomiasis, Bornholm disease, chagas disease, cryptococcosis, hepatitis, herpes zoster, Herpes zoster,Actinomyces, histoplasmosis, HIV infection, lassa fever, Legionnaires' disease, mycoplasma pneumonia, peritonitis, pneumonia, Pott's Disease, Subdiaphragmatic abcsess, trichinella spiralis
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic SAPHO syndrome, Ankylosing spondylitis , Bechterew's Disease, chest wall pain syndrome, chondritis, costosternal tendinitis, connective tissue disease, chondritis, costochondritis, costochondrol tendinitis, degenerative changes of cervical spine, fibromyalgia, fractured rib, intercostal muscle spasm, intercostal neuralgia, interstitial fibrosis, muscle strain or spasm, musculoskeletal pain , myofascial pain, myostitis, Pectus excavatum, periostitis, precordial catch syndrome shoulder bursitis, radiculitis, rib pain, SAPHO syndrome, shoulder tendinitis, Soft tissue sarcoma or tumor, sternoclavicular arthritis, strain of pectoralis muscle, thoracic outlet syndrome, Tietze's syndrome, vertebrogenic thoracic pain, xiphodynia
Neurologic Acute spinal cord injury, migraine headache, neuritis, shingles, tabes dorsalis
Nutritional/Metabolic Glycogenosis
Obstetric/Gynecologic Mastalgia, Mondor's disease, thelarche
Oncologic Bone tumor, bronchial carcinoma, bronchogenic carcinoma, liver cancer, langerhans' cell histiocytosis, mediastinal tumor, mesothelioma, metastatic tumor, neurofibroma, pheochromocytoma, pleural fibroma
Ophthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity No underlying causes
Psychiatric Affective disorders (e.g., anxiety disorders, chronic fatigue syndrome, Da costa's syndrome, depression), fabricated or induced illness, factitious disorders (e.g. münchausen syndrome, fixed delusions) hyperventilation syndrome, functional disorders, hospital addiction syndrome, hypochondria, panic attack, somatization disorder, somatoform disorders, thought disorders
Pulmonary Alveolar hydatid disease anthracosis, asbestosis, asthma, barotrauma, bronchial carcinoma, bronchiectasis, bronchitis, bronchogenic carcinoma, bronchogenic cyst, chronic cough, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cor pulmonale, empyema, foreign body aspiration Goodpasture's syndrome, hemothorax, hyperventilation, Interstitial lung disease, laryngotracheitis, legionnaires' disease, lung abscess, lung Cancer, lymphoma, mediastinitis, mesothelioma, mycoplasma pneumonia, pleural effusion, pleural empyema, pleural fibroma, pleuritis,pleurodynia, pneumoconiosis, pneumomediastinum, pneumonia, pneumothorax, pulmonary embolism, pulmonary infarction, respiratory alkalosis,silicosis, tension pneumothorax, thymoma, tracheitis, tracheoesophageal abscess, tuberculosis, wegner's granulomatosis
Renal/Electrolyte Goodpasture's syndrome , Wegner's granulomatosis
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy Atopy, autoimmune hemolytic anemia , chondritis, connective tissue disease, costochondritis, degenerative changes of cervical spine, familial mediterranean fever, fibromyalgia, Goodpasture's syndrome, langerhans' cell histiocytosis, recurrent hereditary polyserositis, Wegner's granulomatosis
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma Acute spinal cord injury, barotrauma, chest wall injuries
Urologic No underlying causes
Miscellaneous Air embolism,Chinese restaurant syndrome, decompression sickness , Idiopathic

References

  1. Wächter C, Markus B, Schieffer B (2017). "[Cardiac causes of chest pain]". Internist (Berl). 58 (1): 8–21. doi:10.1007/s00108-016-0165-0. PMID 27981367.
  2. Hoorweg, Beatrijs BN; Willemsen, Robert TA; Cleef, Lotte E; Boogaerts, Tom; Buntinx, Frank; Glatz, Jan FC; Dinant, Geert Jan (2017). "Frequency of chest pain in primary care, diagnostic tests performed and final diagnoses". Heart. 103 (21): 1727–1732. doi:10.1136/heartjnl-2016-310905. ISSN 1355-6037.
  3. Gawinecka J, Schönrath F, von Eckardstein A (2017). "Acute aortic dissection: pathogenesis, risk factors and diagnosis". Swiss Med Wkly. 147: w14489. doi:10.4414/smw.2017.14489. PMID 28871571.
  4. Hoorweg BB, Willemsen RT, Cleef LE, Boogaerts T, Buntinx F, Glatz JF; et al. (2017). "Frequency of chest pain in primary care, diagnostic tests performed and final diagnoses". Heart. 103 (21): 1727–1732. doi:10.1136/heartjnl-2016-310905. PMID 28634285.
  5. Swierzy M, Helmig M, Ismail M, Rückert J, Walles T, Neudecker J (2014). "[Pneumothorax]". Zentralbl Chir. 139 Suppl 1: S69–86, quiz S87. doi:10.1055/s-0034-1383029. PMID 25264729.
  6. Lenfant C (2010). "Chest pain of cardiac and noncardiac origin". Metabolism. 59 Suppl 1: S41–6. doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2010.07.014. PMID 20837193.
  7. Jany B (2017). "[Pulmonary causes of chest pain]". Internist (Berl). 58 (1): 22–28. doi:10.1007/s00108-016-0169-9. PMID 27986981.