Nasopharyngeal carcinoma medical therapy: Difference between revisions

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{{CMG}} {{AE}}{{Homa}}{{Faizan}}
{{CMG}} {{AE}}{{Homa}}{{Faizan}}
==Overview==
==Overview==
The mainstay of therapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma is external beam [[radiotherapy]], supplemented in some cases with [[chemotherapy]].
The mainstay of therapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma is [[external beam radiotherapy]], supplemented in some cases with [[chemotherapy]].


==Medical Therapy==
==Medical Therapy==
The mainstay of therapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma is external beam [[radiotherapy]].
The mainstay of therapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma is [[external beam radiotherapy]].
*Standard treatments for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma include:<ref>http://www.cancer.gov/types/head-and-neck/hp/nasopharyngeal-treatment-pdq#section/_50</ref>
**External beam [[radiation therapy]] alone
**Concurrent chemoradiation followed by adjuvant chemotherapy
**Chemotherapy alone for [[metastatic]] disease
*Undifferentiated subtype of nasopharyngeal carcinoma is highly radiosensitive
===Treatment according to Stages===
===Treatment according to Stages===
{| style="border: 0px; font-size: 90%; margin: 3px; width: 600px" align="center"
{| style="border: 0px; font-size: 90%; margin: 3px; width: 600px" align="center"
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Stage 1
Stage 1
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
*External beam radiation
*[[External beam radiotherapy|External beam radiation]]
|-
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;font-weight: bold" |
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;font-weight: bold" |
Stage 2
Stage 2
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
*Chemotherapy given with radiation therapy, followed by more chemotherapy
*[[Chemotherapy]] given with radiation therapy, followed by more [[chemotherapy]]
*Radiation therapy to the tumor and lymph nodes in the neck
*[[Radiation therapy]] to the [[tumor]] and [[lymph nodes]] in the [[neck]]
|-
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold" |
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold" |
Stage 3
Stage 3
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
*[[Chemotherapy]] given with radiation therapy, which may be followed by more chemotherapy
*[[Chemotherapy]] given with [[radiation therapy]], which may be followed by more chemotherapy
*[[Radiation therapy]]
*[[Radiation therapy]]
*Radiation therapy followed by surgery to remove cancer -containing lymph nodes in the neck that remain or come back after radiation therapy
*[[Radiation therapy]] followed by [[surgery]] to remove cancer -containing [[lymph nodes]] in the [[neck]] that remain or come back after [[radiation therapy]]
|-
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold" |
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold" |
Stage 4
Stage 4
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
*Chemotherapy given with radiation therapy, followed by more chemotherapy
*[[Chemotherapy]] given with [[radiation therapy]], followed by more [[chemotherapy]]
*Radiation therapy
*[[Radiation therapy]]
*Radiation therapy followed by [[surgery]] to remove cancer -containing lymph nodes in the neck that remain or come back after radiation therapy
*[[Radiation therapy]] followed by [[surgery]] to remove cancer -containing [[lymph nodes]] in the [[neck]] that remain or come back after [[radiation therapy]]
*Chemotherapy for cancer that has metastasized (spread) to other parts of the body
*[[Chemotherapy]] for [[cancer]] that has [[metastasized]] (spread) to other parts of the [[body]]
|-
|-
|}
|}
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'''Note (2):''' [[Antiemetic|Anti-emetic]] treatment should be done in all [[patients]].
'''Note (2):''' [[Antiemetic|Anti-emetic]] treatment should be done in all [[patients]].


* '''5-[[Fluorouracil]]:'''
* '''5-Fluorouracil:'''
** Preferred regimen: 1000 mg/m<sup>2</sup>/day [[Intravenous therapy|IV]] [[infusion]] for 4-5 days and repeated every 3 weeks.
** Preferred regimen: 1000 mg/m<sup>2</sup>/day [[Intravenous therapy|IV]] [[infusion]] for 4-5 days and repeated every 3 weeks.
** [[Contraindications]]:  
** [[Contraindications]]:  

Revision as of 18:29, 18 March 2019

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Homa Najafi, M.D.[2]Faizan Sheraz, M.D. [3]

Overview

The mainstay of therapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma is external beam radiotherapy, supplemented in some cases with chemotherapy.

Medical Therapy

The mainstay of therapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma is external beam radiotherapy.

Treatment according to Stages

Stage Treatment

Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

Stage 4

Medical Therapy

Note (1): Urine output should be maintain more than 100-150 ml/ hr.

Note (2): Anti-emetic treatment should be done in all patients.

Note (1): In patients with liver diseases dose reduction should be considered.

Note (2): Using this drug in familial pyrimidenemia patients can cause fatal neurotoxicity.


References

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