Template:Congestive heart failure

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Congestive heart failure Microchapters

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Patient Info

Overview

Classification

Pathophysiology

Epidemiology & Demographics

Causes of Congestive heart failure

Risk Factors

Differentiating Congestive heart failure from other Diseases

Natural History, Complications & Prognosis

Diagnosis

Clinical Assessment

History & Symptoms

Physical Examination

Lab Tests

Electrocardiogram

Chest X Ray

Echocardiography

Exercise Stress Test

Myocardial Viability Studies

Cardiac Catheterization

Endomyocardial biopsy

Treatment

Invasive Hemodynamic Monitoring

Medical Therapy:

Acute Pharmacotherapy
Chronic Pharmacotherapy:
Congestive heart failure drugs to avoid
Diuretics
ACE Inhibitors
Angiotensin receptor blockers
Aldosterone Antagonists
Beta Blockers
Ca Channel Blockers
Nitrates
Hydralazine
Positive Inotropics
Anticoagulants
Antiarrhythmic Drugs
Nutritional Supplements
Hormonal Therapies

Exercise Training

Surgical Therapy:

Biventricular Pacing or Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CRT)
Implantation of Intracardiac Defibrillator
Ultrafiltration
Cardiac Surgery
Left Ventricular Assist Devices (LVADs)
Cardiac Transplantation

ACC/AHA Guideline Recommendations:

Hospitalized Patients
Patients at high risk for developing heart failure (Stage A)
Patients with cardiac structural abnormalities or remodeling who have not developed heart failure symptoms (Stage B)
Patients with current or prior symptoms of heart failure (Stage C)
Patients with refractory end-stage heart failure (Stage D)

Implementation of Practice Guidelines

Congestive heart failure end-of-life considerations

Specific Groups:

Special Populations
Patients who have concomitant disorders
Obstructive Sleep Apnea in the Patient with CHF

Congestive heart failure On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Congestive heart failure

CDC on Congestive heart failure

Congestive heart failure in the news

Blogs on Congestive heart failure

Directions to Hospitals Treating Congestive heart failure

Risk calculators and risk factors for Congestive heart failure