Pulmonary edema primary prevention: Difference between revisions
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Cardiogenic pulmonary edema is due to heart-related illnesses. Primary prevention include:<ref name="pmid16382065">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ware LB, Matthay MA |title=Clinical practice. Acute pulmonary edema |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=353 |issue=26 |pages=2788–96 |date=December 2005 |pmid=16382065 |doi=10.1056/NEJMcp052699 |url=}}</ref> | Cardiogenic pulmonary edema is due to heart-related illnesses. Primary prevention include:<ref name="pmid16382065">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ware LB, Matthay MA |title=Clinical practice. Acute pulmonary edema |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=353 |issue=26 |pages=2788–96 |date=December 2005 |pmid=16382065 |doi=10.1056/NEJMcp052699 |url=}}</ref> | ||
* Maintaining a healthy lifestyle | * Maintaining a healthy lifestyle | ||
* Avoid tobacco | |||
* Treat [[dyslipidemia]] | |||
* Low salt diet | * Low salt diet | ||
* Controlling hypertension | * Controlling hypertension | ||
* Avoid cardiotoxic agents | |||
* Controling diabetes | * Controling diabetes | ||
Consider additional measures in selected patients: | |||
* Administer [[ACE-I]] if history of [[MI]] or [[ACS]] and reduced [[EF]] to prevent symptoms and reduce mortality | |||
* Administer [[Beta-blocker|beta-blockers]] if history of [[MI]] or [[ACS]] and reduced [[EF]] to reduce mortality in all reduced [[EF]]<nowiki/>to prevent symptoms | |||
* Administer [[Statin|statins]] if history of [[MI]] or [[ACS]] to prevent symptoms | |||
* Consider [[ICD]] placement to prevent sudden death if asymptomatic ischemic [[cardiomyopathy]], > 40 days post-MI, [[LVEF]] ≤30%, on adequate medical therapy, and good 1 year survival | |||
==== Non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema ==== | ==== Non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema ==== | ||
* '''High-altitude pulmonary edema''' | * '''High-altitude pulmonary edema''' | ||
** Effective measures for the primary prevention of altitude sickness include:<ref name="pmid23908794">{{cite journal |vauthors=Taylor AT |title=High-altitude illnesses: physiology, risk factors, prevention, and treatment |journal=Rambam Maimonides Med J |volume=2 |issue=1 |pages=e0022 |date=January 2011 |pmid=23908794 |pmc=3678789 |doi=10.5041/RMMJ.10022 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid21718562">{{cite journal |vauthors=Murdoch D |title=Altitude sickness |journal=BMJ Clin Evid |volume=2010 |issue= |pages= |date=March 2010 |pmid=21718562 |pmc=2907615 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ** Effective measures for the primary prevention of altitude sickness include:<ref name="pmid23908794">{{cite journal |vauthors=Taylor AT |title=High-altitude illnesses: physiology, risk factors, prevention, and treatment |journal=Rambam Maimonides Med J |volume=2 |issue=1 |pages=e0022 |date=January 2011 |pmid=23908794 |pmc=3678789 |doi=10.5041/RMMJ.10022 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid21718562">{{cite journal |vauthors=Murdoch D |title=Altitude sickness |journal=BMJ Clin Evid |volume=2010 |issue= |pages= |date=March 2010 |pmid=21718562 |pmc=2907615 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
*** Encourage healthy lifestyle and exercise | |||
*** Gradual ascent | |||
*** Preacclimization | |||
*** Avoiding alcohol ingestion | *** Avoiding alcohol ingestion | ||
*** High carbohydrate in diet | *** High carbohydrate in diet |
Revision as of 13:51, 16 March 2018
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Farnaz Khalighinejad, MD [2]
Overview
Primary Prevention
Cardiogenic pulmonary edmea
Cardiogenic pulmonary edema is due to heart-related illnesses. Primary prevention include:[1]
- Maintaining a healthy lifestyle
- Avoid tobacco
- Treat dyslipidemia
- Low salt diet
- Controlling hypertension
- Avoid cardiotoxic agents
- Controling diabetes
Consider additional measures in selected patients:
- Administer ACE-I if history of MI or ACS and reduced EF to prevent symptoms and reduce mortality
- Administer beta-blockers if history of MI or ACS and reduced EF to reduce mortality in all reduced EFto prevent symptoms
- Administer statins if history of MI or ACS to prevent symptoms
- Consider ICD placement to prevent sudden death if asymptomatic ischemic cardiomyopathy, > 40 days post-MI, LVEF ≤30%, on adequate medical therapy, and good 1 year survival
Non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema
- High-altitude pulmonary edema
- Effective measures for the primary prevention of altitude sickness include:[2][3]
- Encourage healthy lifestyle and exercise
- Gradual ascent
- Preacclimization
- Avoiding alcohol ingestion
- High carbohydrate in diet
- Adequate hydration
- Vigorous exertion during the first few days at high altitude
- Oxygen Enrichment
- Druges
- Ibuprofen
- Acetazolamide
- Sumatriptan
- Sprinolactone
- Steroids
- Effective measures for the primary prevention of altitude sickness include:[2][3]
- Acute respiratory distress syndrome
- For more information about primary intervention in acute respiratory distress syndrome click here.
References
- ↑ Ware LB, Matthay MA (December 2005). "Clinical practice. Acute pulmonary edema". N. Engl. J. Med. 353 (26): 2788–96. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp052699. PMID 16382065.
- ↑ Taylor AT (January 2011). "High-altitude illnesses: physiology, risk factors, prevention, and treatment". Rambam Maimonides Med J. 2 (1): e0022. doi:10.5041/RMMJ.10022. PMC 3678789. PMID 23908794.
- ↑ Murdoch D (March 2010). "Altitude sickness". BMJ Clin Evid. 2010. PMC 2907615. PMID 21718562.