Pancytopenia: Difference between revisions

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| '''Drug Side Effect'''
| '''Drug Side Effect'''


|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Acetaminophen and Oxycodone]], Aclarubicin, [[Albendazole]], [[Alemtuzumab]], [[Alkylating antineoplastic agent]], Alkylators, [[Arsenicals]], [[Auranofin]], [[Azathioprine]], [[Aztreonam]], [[Boceprevir]], Busulphan, [[carbamazepine]], [[Carboplatin]], [[Cefadroxil]], [[Ceftazidime]], [[Certolizumab pegol]], [[Chlorpromazine]], [[Chloramphenicol]], [[Chlorpropamide]], [[Cidofovir]], [[Clomipramine]], [[Colchicine toxicity]], [[Cytotoxic drugs]] and [[radiation]], [[Dactinomycin]], [[Doxorubicin]], [[Ethosuximide]], [[Febuxostat]], [[Flucytosine]], [[Gold]], [[Idarubicin]], [[indomethacin ]], [[Interferon beta- 1a]], [[Lincomycin Hydrochloride]] [[Minocycline hydrochloride]], [[Non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs]], [[Ofatumumab]], [[Oxaprozin]], [[Oxcarbazepine]], [[Penicillamine]], [[phenacemide ]], Phenylbutazone, [[Piperacillin]], [[Pralatrexate]], [[ propylthiouracil ]], [[Pyrimethamine]], [[Rabeprazole]], [[ sulfonamides]], [[Tamoxifen]], [[Tolbutamide]], [[Trifluoperazine]], [[Thiothixene]], [[Valganciclovir hydrochloride]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Acetaminophen and Oxycodone]], Aclarubicin, [[Albendazole]], [[Alemtuzumab]], [[Alkylating antineoplastic agent]], Alkylators, [[Arsenicals]], [[Auranofin]], [[Azathioprine]], [[Aztreonam]], [[Boceprevir]], Busulphan, [[carbamazepine]], [[Carboplatin]], [[Cefadroxil]], [[Ceftazidime]], [[Certolizumab pegol]], [[Chlorpromazine]], [[Chloramphenicol]], [[Chlorpropamide]], [[Cidofovir]], [[Clomipramine]], [[Colchicine toxicity]], [[Cytotoxic drugs]] and [[radiation]], [[Dactinomycin]], [[Doxorubicin]], [[Ethosuximide]], [[Febuxostat]], [[Flucytosine]], [[Gold]], [[Idarubicin]], [[indomethacin ]], [[Interferon beta- 1a]], [[Lincomycin Hydrochloride]] [[Minocycline hydrochloride]], [[Non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs]], [[Ofatumumab]], [[Omacetaxine]], [[Oxaprozin]], [[Oxcarbazepine]], [[Penicillamine]], [[phenacemide ]], Phenylbutazone, [[Piperacillin]], [[Pralatrexate]], [[ propylthiouracil ]], [[Pyrimethamine]], [[Rabeprazole]], [[ sulfonamides]], [[Tamoxifen]], [[Tolbutamide]], [[Trifluoperazine]], [[Thiothixene]], [[Valganciclovir hydrochloride]]


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|-

Revision as of 21:44, 13 February 2015

Template:Pancytopenia Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]

Overview

Pancytopenia is the pronounced reduction in the number of erythrocytes, all types of white blood cells and blood platelets that are circulating in the blood.

Pancytopenia is generally due to diseases affecting the bone marrow, although peripheral destruction of all lines of blood cells in hypersplenism (overactive spleen) is a recognized cause. Bone marrow problems causing pancytopenia include myelofibrosis, leukemia, aplastic anemia, and the malignant form of osteoporosis.

Chemotherapy for malignancies may also cause pancytopenia, if the drug or drugs used cause bone marrow suppression.

Increasingly, HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is itself a cause for pancytopenia.

Rarely, drugs (antibiotics, anti hypertensive medication, heart medication) can cause pancytopenia.

Pancytopenia usually requires a bone marrow biopsy in order to distinguish among different causes.

Causes

Common Causes

  1. Aplastic anemia
  1. Myelodysplastic syndrome
  1. Leukemia
  1. Leishmaniasis
  1. Severe Folate or Vitamin B12 deficiency
  1. Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (Urine test)
  1. Finally overwhelming viral infections (HIV most common)

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular No underlying causes
Chemical/Poisoning No underlying causes
Dental No underlying causes
Dermatologic No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect Acetaminophen and Oxycodone, Aclarubicin, Albendazole, Alemtuzumab, Alkylating antineoplastic agent, Alkylators, Arsenicals, Auranofin, Azathioprine, Aztreonam, Boceprevir, Busulphan, carbamazepine, Carboplatin, Cefadroxil, Ceftazidime, Certolizumab pegol, Chlorpromazine, Chloramphenicol, Chlorpropamide, Cidofovir, Clomipramine, Colchicine toxicity, Cytotoxic drugs and radiation, Dactinomycin, Doxorubicin, Ethosuximide, Febuxostat, Flucytosine, Gold, Idarubicin, indomethacin , Interferon beta- 1a, Lincomycin Hydrochloride Minocycline hydrochloride, Non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, Ofatumumab, Omacetaxine, Oxaprozin, Oxcarbazepine, Penicillamine, phenacemide , Phenylbutazone, Piperacillin, Pralatrexate, propylthiouracil , Pyrimethamine, Rabeprazole, sulfonamides, Tamoxifen, Tolbutamide, Trifluoperazine, Thiothixene, Valganciclovir hydrochloride
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine Thyroid carcinoma
Environmental Tobacco use, Environmental/occupational (eg, benzene)
Gastroenterologic Portal hypertension, Intestinal lymphangiectasia, Hepatitis
Genetic Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, Trisomy 8 mosaicism, Severe combined immunodeficiency, T- B+ due to JAK3 deficiency, Niemann-Pick disease, Neurofibromatosis 1, Mutagen-detoxification (GSTq1-null), Mutagen exposure, Glutathione synthase deficiency, Genotoxic therapy, Fanconi anaemia, Familial monosomy 7, Down syndrome, DNA repair deficiencies, Defect in synthesis of adenosylcobalamin, Chediak-Higashi disease, Ataxia telangiectasia
Hematologic Sickle cell disease, Reticular dysgenesis, Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, Myelpathic anemia,

Myeloma, Myelofibrosis, Myelodysplastic syndrome, Megaloblastic anaemia, Malignant histiocytosis, Leucoerythroblastic anaemia,

Large granular lymphocytic leukemia, Langerhans cell histiocytosis, Ineffective erythropoiesis, Hypoplastic myelodysplastic syndromes ,

Hypersplenism, Hodgkin lymphoma, Histiocytosis X, Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma, Hemoglobin H disease, Hematopoietic cell transplantation, Hairy cell leukaemia, Haemoglobin SC disease, Haemoglobin E disease, Graft versus host disease, Familial myelofibrosis, Familial histiocytic reticulosis, Eosinophilic fasciitis , Cyclical neutropenia, Congenital neutropenia (Kostmann's or Shwachman-Diamond syndrome), Common variable hypogammaglobulinaemia, Chronic myeloid leukaemia, Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, Bleeding (Excessive), Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome type 2, Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome type 1, Aplastic anemia, Amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia, Aggressive NK-cell leukemia, Acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Iatrogenic No underlying causes
Infectious Disease Q fever, Parvovirus B19 infection, Oklahoma tick fever, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Legionella pneumophila, Lassa fever, Human immunodeficiency virus , Epstein-Barr virus Seronegative, Dengue, Brucellosis
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic No underlying causes
Neurologic No underlying causes
Nutritional/Metabolic Vitamin C deficiency, Vitamin B12 deficiency, Marasmus, Malabsorption syndrome, Kwashiorkor, Iron deficiency,

Intrinsic factor deficiency, Folate deficiency, Copper deficiency

Obstetric/Gynecologic Pregnancy
Oncologic Thymoma , Prostate cancer, Metastatic neoplasm, Melanoma, Germ cell tumors (embryonal dysgenesis), Ewing sarcoma, Chondrosarcoma, Cancer treatment
Ophthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity No underlying causes
Psychiatric Anorexia nervosa
Pulmonary No underlying causes
Renal/Electrolyte Renal failure, chronic
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy Systemic lupus erythematosus, Rheumatoid disease, Osteopetrosis autosomal recessive 2, Osteopetrosis lethal

Osteoclastoma, Ankylosing spondylitis

Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma No underlying causes
Urologic No underlying causes
Miscellaneous Topoisomerase II interactive agents, Plummer-Vinson syndrome, Obesity, Idiopathic , Glue vapors, Dyskeratosis congenita Shwachman-Diamond syndrome, Diamond-Blackfan anemia, Castleman disease, Bloom's syndrome

Causes in Alphabetical Order

References


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