Merkel cell cancer staging: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
The staging of | The staging of merkel cell cancer is based on the [[TNM staging system]]. | ||
==Staging== | ==Staging== | ||
* According to the [[TNM staging system]], merkel cell cancer is classified into 4 stages based on the following: | * According to the [[TNM staging system]], merkel cell cancer is classified into 4 stages based on the following: | ||
** [[Tumor]] size | ** [[Tumor]] size | ||
** Involvement of [[lymph nodes]] | ** Involvement of [[lymph nodes]] | ||
** [[Metastasis]] | ** [[Metastasis]] | ||
* The stages of | * The stages of merkel cell carcinoma are shown in the table below:<ref name="pmid27198511">{{cite journal |vauthors=Harms KL, Healy MA, Nghiem P, Sober AJ, Johnson TM, Bichakjian CK, Wong SL |title=Analysis of Prognostic Factors from 9387 Merkel Cell Carcinoma Cases Forms the Basis for the New 8th Edition AJCC Staging System |journal=Ann. Surg. Oncol. |volume=23 |issue=11 |pages=3564–3571 |date=October 2016 |pmid=27198511 |doi=10.1245/s10434-016-5266-4 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid20646783">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lemos BD, Storer BE, Iyer JG, Phillips JL, Bichakjian CK, Fang LC, Johnson TM, Liegeois-Kwon NJ, Otley CC, Paulson KG, Ross MI, Yu SS, Zeitouni NC, Byrd DR, Sondak VK, Gershenwald JE, Sober AJ, Nghiem P |title=Pathologic nodal evaluation improves prognostic accuracy in Merkel cell carcinoma: analysis of 5823 cases as the basis of the first consensus staging system |journal=J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. |volume=63 |issue=5 |pages=751–61 |date=November 2010 |pmid=20646783 |pmc=2956767 |doi=10.1016/j.jaad.2010.02.056 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid22030017">{{cite journal |vauthors=Foote M, Veness M, Zarate D, Poulsen M |title=Merkel cell carcinoma: the prognostic implications of an occult primary in stage IIIB (nodal) disease |journal=J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. |volume=67 |issue=3 |pages=395–9 |date=September 2012 |pmid=22030017 |doi=10.1016/j.jaad.2011.09.009 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid30249978">{{cite journal |vauthors=Rastrelli M, Ferrazzi B, Cavallin F, Chiarion Sileni V, Pigozzo J, Fabozzi A, Tropea S, Vecchiato A, Costa A, Parisi A, Rossi CR, Del Fiore P, Alaibac M |title=Prognostic Factors in Merkel Cell Carcinoma: A Retrospective Single-Center Study in 90 Patients |journal=Cancers (Basel) |volume=10 |issue=10 |pages= |date=September 2018 |pmid=30249978 |pmc=6210570 |doi=10.3390/cancers10100350 |url=}}</ref> | ||
{| {{table}} cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="border:#c9c9c9 1px solid; margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border-collapse: collapse;" | {| {{table}} cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="border:#c9c9c9 1px solid; margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; border-collapse: collapse;" | ||
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|- | |- | ||
| IA||≤2 cm || | | IA||≤2 cm || | ||
* Nodes negative by pathologic exam | * Nodes negative by [[Pathology|pathologic]] exam | ||
| | | | ||
* No distant [[metastasis]] | * No distant [[metastasis]] | ||
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* No distant [[metastasis]] | * No distant [[metastasis]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| IIIB||Any size [[tumor]] (includes invading tumors)|| | | IIIB||Any size [[tumor]] (includes invading tumors)||Positive for: | ||
* Macrometastasis | * Macrometastasis | ||
Latest revision as of 02:37, 31 January 2019
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Merkel cell cancer Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Merkel cell cancer staging On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Merkel cell cancer staging |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Merkel cell cancer staging |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Vamsikrishna Gunnam M.B.B.S [2] Ahmad Al Maradni, M.D. [3]
Overview
The staging of merkel cell cancer is based on the TNM staging system.
Staging
- According to the TNM staging system, merkel cell cancer is classified into 4 stages based on the following:
- Tumor size
- Involvement of lymph nodes
- Metastasis
- The stages of merkel cell carcinoma are shown in the table below:[1][2][3][4]
| Stage | Primary Tumor (T) | Lymph Node (N) | Metastasis (M) |
| 0 | In situ |
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| IA | ≤2 cm |
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| IB | ≤2 cm |
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| IIA | >2 cm |
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| IIB | >2 cm |
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| IIC | Invades bone, muscle and cartilage |
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| IIIA | Any size tumor (includes invading tumors) |
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| IIIB | Any size tumor (includes invading tumors) | Positive for:
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| IV | Any size tumor (includes invading tumors) |
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References
- ↑ Harms KL, Healy MA, Nghiem P, Sober AJ, Johnson TM, Bichakjian CK, Wong SL (October 2016). "Analysis of Prognostic Factors from 9387 Merkel Cell Carcinoma Cases Forms the Basis for the New 8th Edition AJCC Staging System". Ann. Surg. Oncol. 23 (11): 3564–3571. doi:10.1245/s10434-016-5266-4. PMID 27198511.
- ↑ Lemos BD, Storer BE, Iyer JG, Phillips JL, Bichakjian CK, Fang LC, Johnson TM, Liegeois-Kwon NJ, Otley CC, Paulson KG, Ross MI, Yu SS, Zeitouni NC, Byrd DR, Sondak VK, Gershenwald JE, Sober AJ, Nghiem P (November 2010). "Pathologic nodal evaluation improves prognostic accuracy in Merkel cell carcinoma: analysis of 5823 cases as the basis of the first consensus staging system". J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 63 (5): 751–61. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2010.02.056. PMC 2956767. PMID 20646783.
- ↑ Foote M, Veness M, Zarate D, Poulsen M (September 2012). "Merkel cell carcinoma: the prognostic implications of an occult primary in stage IIIB (nodal) disease". J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 67 (3): 395–9. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2011.09.009. PMID 22030017.
- ↑ Rastrelli M, Ferrazzi B, Cavallin F, Chiarion Sileni V, Pigozzo J, Fabozzi A, Tropea S, Vecchiato A, Costa A, Parisi A, Rossi CR, Del Fiore P, Alaibac M (September 2018). "Prognostic Factors in Merkel Cell Carcinoma: A Retrospective Single-Center Study in 90 Patients". Cancers (Basel). 10 (10). doi:10.3390/cancers10100350. PMC 6210570. PMID 30249978.