Hypoaldosteronism causes: Difference between revisions

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{{Hypoaldosteronism}}
{{Hypoaldosteronism}}


{{CMG}}; {{AE}}  
{{CMG}}; {{AE}}{{Akshun}}  
==Overview==
==Overview==
Disease name] may be caused by [cause1], [cause2], or [cause3].
The most common cause of hypoaldosteronism is [[diabetic nephropathy]]. Other common causes are [[acute glomerulonephritis]], [[tuberculosis]], [[hemorrhage]], [[infarction]], [[sarcoidosis]], [[AIDS]], [[CMV]], and [[Addison's disease]]. Less common causes of hypoaldosteronism include [[sarcoidosis]], [[amyloidosis]], [[fungal infections]], [[AIDS]] complications, and [[hemochromatosis]].


OR
Common causes of [disease] include [cause1], [cause2], and [cause3].
OR
The most common cause of [disease name] is [cause 1]. Less common causes of [disease name] include [cause 2], [cause 3], and [cause 4].
OR
The cause of [disease name] has not been identified. To review risk factors for the development of [disease name], click here.
==Causes==
==Causes==
===Life-threatening Causes===
===Life-threatening Causes===
*Life-threatening causes of [symptom/manifestation] include [cause1], [cause2], and [cause3].
Life-threatening causes of hypoaldosteronism include:<ref name="pmid12704285">{{cite journal |vauthors=LaBan MM, Whitmore CE, Taylor RS |title=Bilateral adrenal hemorrhage after anticoagulation prophylaxis for bilateral knee arthroplasty |journal=Am J Phys Med Rehabil |volume=82 |issue=5 |pages=418–20 |year=2003 |pmid=12704285 |doi=10.1097/01.PHM.0000064741.97586.E4 |url=}}</ref>
*[Cause] is a life-threatening cause of [disease].
*[[Adrenal gland|Adrenal]] [[infarction]]
*[[Adrenal hemorrhage|Bilateral adrenal hemorrhage]] (caused by [[trauma]], [[anticoagulant therapy]], or [[coagulation disorders]]).
*Cancerous destruction of the [[adrenal gland]], secondary to infiltrative or [[metastatic]] [[disease]].
*[[Tuberculosis|Tubercular]] and [[fungal]] destruction of [[Adrenal glands|adrenal glands.]]
 
===Common Causes===
===Common Causes===
[Disease name] may be caused by:
Common causes of hypoaldosteronism include:<ref>Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne.  Differential Diagnosis Pocket.  Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:14-15</ref>
*[cause1]
* [[Diabetic nephropathy]]
*[cause2]
* [[Acute glomerulonephritis]]
*[cause3]
* Any cause of [[renal insufficiency]]
* [[Autoimmune]]/[[Idiopathic]]
* [[Tuberculosis]]
* [[AIDS]]
* [[CMV]]
* [[Hemorrhage]] into [[adrenal glands]]
* [[Adrenal gland]] [[Infarction]]
* [[Sarcoidosis]]


===Less common causes===
Less common causes of hypoaldosteronism  include:
*[[Amyloidosis]]
*[[Fungal infections]]
*[[Hemochromatosis]]
*[[Polyglandular]] endocrine syndromes
*[[Adrenoleukodystrophy]]
*Adrenomyelodystrophy


OR
===Drugs causing hypoaldosteronism===
 
Other less common causes of hypoaldosteronism include [[drugs]] such as:<ref name="pmid2483440">{{cite journal |vauthors=Missale C, Lombardi C, De Cotiis R, Memo M, Carruba MO, Spano PF |title=Dopaminergic receptor mechanisms modulating the renin-angiotensin system and aldosterone secretion: an overview |journal=J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. |volume=14 Suppl 8 |issue= |pages=S29–39 |year=1989 |pmid=2483440 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid18331727">{{cite journal |vauthors=Akizuki O, Inayoshi A, Kitayama T, Yao K, Shirakura S, Sasaki K, Kusaka H, Matsubara M |title=Blockade of T-type voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels by benidipine, a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker, inhibits aldosterone production in human adrenocortical cell line NCI-H295R |journal=Eur. J. Pharmacol. |volume=584 |issue=2-3 |pages=424–34 |year=2008 |pmid=18331727 |doi=10.1016/j.ejphar.2008.02.001 |url=}}</ref><ref name="IkedaIsaka2012">{{cite journal|last1=Ikeda|first1=Keiichi|last2=Isaka|first2=Tsuyoshi|last3=Fujioka|first3=Kouki|last4=Manome|first4=Yoshinobu|last5=Tojo|first5=Katsuyoshi|title=Suppression of Aldosterone Synthesis and Secretion by Channel Antagonists|journal=International Journal of Endocrinology|volume=2012|year=2012|pages=1–6|issn=1687-8337|doi=10.1155/2012/519467}}</ref><ref name="pmid744152">{{cite journal |vauthors=McKenna TJ, Island DP, Nicholson WE, Liddle GW |title=The effects of potassium on early and late steps in aldosterone biosynthesis in cells of the zona glomerulosa |journal=Endocrinology |volume=103 |issue=4 |pages=1411–6 |year=1978 |pmid=744152 |doi=10.1210/endo-103-4-1411 |url=}}</ref><ref name="CareyDrake1986">{{cite journal|last1=Carey|first1=R. M.|last2=Drake|first2=C. R.|title=Dopamine selectively inhibits aldosterone responses to angiotensin II in humans|journal=Hypertension|volume=8|issue=5|year=1986|pages=399–406|issn=0194-911X|doi=10.1161/01.HYP.8.5.399}}</ref>
 
*[Disease name] is caused by an infection with [pathogen name].
{|
*[Pathogen name] is caused by [pathogen name].
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center " - | Decreased renin release
 
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center " - | Inhibition of
===Less Common Causes===
aldosterone synthase
Less common causes of [[disease name]] include:
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center " - | Decreased  production
*[cause1]
of aldosterone
*[cause2]
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center " - | Decreased effect of
*[cause3]
aldosterone
 
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center " - | Drugs that impair
===Genetic Causes===
adrenal function
*[Disease name] is caused by a mutation in the [gene name] gene.
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center " - | Direct inhibition
 
of zona glomerulosa
===Causes by Organ System===
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center " - | Dopaminergic agonists
 
{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dermatologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ear Nose Throat'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Endocrine'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Environmental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Genetic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Hematologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Iatrogenic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Infectious Disease'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Neurologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Nutritional/Metabolic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Oncologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ophthalmologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Overdose/Toxicity'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Psychiatric'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Pulmonary'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Renal/Electrolyte'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Sexual'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Trauma'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Urologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Miscellaneous'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-
| style="background: #F5F5F5;" |
*[[Acebutolol]]
*[[Atenolol]]
*[[Bisoprolol]]
*[[Carvedilol]]
*[[Flufenamic acid]]
*[[Indomethacin]]
*[[Naproxen]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5;" |
*[[Cyclosporine]]
*[[Tacrolimus]] 
*[[Heparin]]
*[[Benidipine]]
*[[Azelnidipine]]
*[[Cilnidipine]]
*[[Efonidipine]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5;" |
*[[Captopril]]
*[[Enalapril]] 
*[[Fosinopril]]
*[[Lisinopril]]
*[[Moexipril]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5;" |
*[[Amiloride]]
*[[Eplerenone]]
*[[Spironolactone]]
*[[Triamterene]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5;" |
*[[Aminoglutethimide]]
*[[Metyrapone]]
*[[Mitotane]]
*[[Trilostane]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5;" |
*[[Heparin]] sodium
*[[Nitric oxide]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5;" |
*[[Bromocriptine]]
*[[Metoclopramide]]
*[[Cabergoline]]
|}
|}
===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
List the causes of the disease in alphabetical order.
{{columns-list|3|
* Cause 1
* Cause 2
* Cause 3
* Cause 4
* Cause 5
* Cause 6
* Cause 7
* Cause 8
* Cause 9
* Cause 10
}}


==References==
==References==
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{{WH}}
{{WH}}
{{WS}}
{{WS}}
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Endocrinology]]
[[Category:Nephrology]]
[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
[[Category:Medicine]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]

Latest revision as of 18:03, 27 October 2017

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Akshun Kalia M.B.B.S.[2]

Overview

The most common cause of hypoaldosteronism is diabetic nephropathy. Other common causes are acute glomerulonephritis, tuberculosis, hemorrhage, infarction, sarcoidosis, AIDS, CMV, and Addison's disease. Less common causes of hypoaldosteronism include sarcoidosis, amyloidosis, fungal infections, AIDS complications, and hemochromatosis.

Causes

Life-threatening Causes

Life-threatening causes of hypoaldosteronism include:[1]

Common Causes

Common causes of hypoaldosteronism include:[2]

Less common causes

Less common causes of hypoaldosteronism include:

Drugs causing hypoaldosteronism

Other less common causes of hypoaldosteronism include drugs such as:[3][4][5][6][7]

Decreased renin release Inhibition of

aldosterone synthase

Decreased production

of aldosterone

Decreased effect of

aldosterone

Drugs that impair

adrenal function

Direct inhibition

of zona glomerulosa

Dopaminergic agonists

References

  1. ↑ LaBan MM, Whitmore CE, Taylor RS (2003). "Bilateral adrenal hemorrhage after anticoagulation prophylaxis for bilateral knee arthroplasty". Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 82 (5): 418–20. doi:10.1097/01.PHM.0000064741.97586.E4. PMID 12704285.
  2. ↑ Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:14-15
  3. ↑ Missale C, Lombardi C, De Cotiis R, Memo M, Carruba MO, Spano PF (1989). "Dopaminergic receptor mechanisms modulating the renin-angiotensin system and aldosterone secretion: an overview". J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 14 Suppl 8: S29–39. PMID 2483440.
  4. ↑ Akizuki O, Inayoshi A, Kitayama T, Yao K, Shirakura S, Sasaki K, Kusaka H, Matsubara M (2008). "Blockade of T-type voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels by benidipine, a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker, inhibits aldosterone production in human adrenocortical cell line NCI-H295R". Eur. J. Pharmacol. 584 (2–3): 424–34. doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2008.02.001. PMID 18331727.
  5. ↑ Ikeda, Keiichi; Isaka, Tsuyoshi; Fujioka, Kouki; Manome, Yoshinobu; Tojo, Katsuyoshi (2012). "Suppression of Aldosterone Synthesis and Secretion by Channel Antagonists". International Journal of Endocrinology. 2012: 1–6. doi:10.1155/2012/519467. ISSN 1687-8337.
  6. ↑ McKenna TJ, Island DP, Nicholson WE, Liddle GW (1978). "The effects of potassium on early and late steps in aldosterone biosynthesis in cells of the zona glomerulosa". Endocrinology. 103 (4): 1411–6. doi:10.1210/endo-103-4-1411. PMID 744152.
  7. ↑ Carey, R. M.; Drake, C. R. (1986). "Dopamine selectively inhibits aldosterone responses to angiotensin II in humans". Hypertension. 8 (5): 399–406. doi:10.1161/01.HYP.8.5.399. ISSN 0194-911X.

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