Dyspnea differential diagnosis: Difference between revisions

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! colspan="3" rowspan="3" |Organ system
! colspan="3" rowspan="3" |Organ system
! rowspan="3" |Diseases
! rowspan="3" |Diseases
! colspan="12" |Clinical manifestations
! colspan="11" |Clinical manifestations
! colspan="6" rowspan="2" |Diagnosis
! colspan="5" rowspan="2" |Diagnosis
! rowspan="3" |Other features
! rowspan="3" |Other features
|- style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;"
|- style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;"
! colspan="6" |Symptoms
! colspan="6" |Symptoms
! colspan="6" |Physical exam
! colspan="5" |Physical exam
|- style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;"
|- style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;"
!Loss of consciousness
!Loss of consciousness
Line 34: Line 34:
!JVD
!JVD
!Peripheral edema
!Peripheral edema
!Tenderness
!Auscultation
!Auscultation
!CBC
!CBC
!ESR
!ABG
!ABG
!Imaging
!Imaging
!PFT
!Spirometry
!Gold standard
!Gold standard
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
Line 58: Line 56:
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |++
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |++
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Normal
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Normal
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |↓[[Oxygen|O2]], ↑[[CO2]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Normal
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |↓[[Tidal volume|Vt]], ↑[[Residual volume|RV]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Physical examination|Physical exam]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Generalized edema]]
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Anaphylaxis]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |+
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |+
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |+/-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |+/-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Normal
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |↓O2, ↑CO2
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Scattered [[wheeze]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Normal
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Normal
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Normal
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Normal
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |↓[[Tidal volume|Vt]], ↑[[Residual volume|RV]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Vital sign]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Type 1 hypersensitivity]]
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Anaphylaxis]]
![[Aspiration]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |+
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |+/-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |+
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |+
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Diminished [[breath sounds]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Normal
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Normal
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Atelectasis]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |↓[[Tidal volume|Vt]], ↑[[Residual volume|RV]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Bronchoscopy]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Choking]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Aspiration]]
![[Croup]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |+
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |+/-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |+
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |+
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Stridor]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |↑[[WBC]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Normal
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Steeple sign]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Normal
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Physical examination|Physical exam]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Barking cough]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Croup]]
![[Epiglottitis]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |+
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |+
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |+
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Stridor]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |↑[[WBC]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Normal
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Thumbprint sign|Thumb sign]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Normal
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Laryngoscopy]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Drooling]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
![[Rhinosinusitis]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |+
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |+/-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Normal
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |↑[[WBC]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Normal
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Sinus]] [[inflammation]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Normal
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Physical examination|Physical exam]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Headache]]
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Epiglottitis]]
![[Vocal cord paralysis|Vocal cord dysfunction]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |+/-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Stridor]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Normal
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Normal
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Normal
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |↓ [[FVC]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Laryngoscopy]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Choking]] sensation
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Rhinosinusitis]]
! rowspan="10" |[[Chest]] and [[Pleurae|Pleura]],
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Lower [[airway]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
![[Asthma attack]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |+
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |+/-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |+
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |+
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Wheeze]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |↑ [[Eosinophil]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Respiratory alkalosis]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Normal
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |↓ [[FEV1]]/[[FVC]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Physical examination|Physical exam]] and
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
[[Spirometry]]
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Chest pain]]
![[Vocal cord paralysis|Vocal cord dysfunction]]
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
![[Bronchitis]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |+
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |+
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |+
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |-
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Rhonchi]] 
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |↑[[WBC]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Normal
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Normal
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |Normal
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Physical examination|Physical exam]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Rhonchi]] relieved by [[Dextromethorphan|cough]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
! rowspan="10" |[[Chest]] and [[Pleurae|Pleura]],
Lower [[airway]]
![[Asthma attack]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Bronchitis]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Bronchospasm]]
![[Bronchospasm]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 260: Line 239:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Bronchiolitis]]
![[Bronchiolitis]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 281: Line 258:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[COPD exacerbation resident survival guide|COPD exacerbation]]
![[COPD exacerbation resident survival guide|COPD exacerbation]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 302: Line 277:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Lung carcinoma]]
![[Lung carcinoma]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 323: Line 296:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Pneumonia]]
![[Pneumonia]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 344: Line 315:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Pneumothorax]]
![[Pneumothorax]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 365: Line 334:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Pulmonary embolism]]
![[Pulmonary embolism]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 386: Line 353:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Rib fractures]] ([[flail chest]])
![[Rib fractures]] ([[flail chest]])
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 408: Line 373:
! colspan="2" rowspan="5" |[[Cardiovascular system]]
! colspan="2" rowspan="5" |[[Cardiovascular system]]
![[Acute myocardial ischemia]]
![[Acute myocardial ischemia]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 429: Line 392:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Acute heart failure]]
![[Acute heart failure]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 450: Line 411:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Pericardial tamponade]]
![[Pericardial tamponade]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 471: Line 430:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Tachyarrhythmia]]
![[Tachyarrhythmia]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 492: Line 449:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Pulmonary edema]]
![[Pulmonary edema]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 514: Line 469:
! colspan="2" rowspan="3" |[[Central nervous system]]
! colspan="2" rowspan="3" |[[Central nervous system]]
![[Stroke]]
![[Stroke]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 535: Line 488:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Encephalitis]]
![[Encephalitis]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 556: Line 507:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Traumatic brain injury]]
![[Traumatic brain injury]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 578: Line 527:
! colspan="2" rowspan="4" |[[Toxic]]/[[Metabolic]]
! colspan="2" rowspan="4" |[[Toxic]]/[[Metabolic]]
![[Organophosphate poisoning]]
![[Organophosphate poisoning]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 599: Line 546:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Salicylate poisoning]]
![[Salicylate poisoning]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 620: Line 565:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Carbon monoxide poisoning]]
![[Carbon monoxide poisoning]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 641: Line 584:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Diabetic ketoacidosis]]
![[Diabetic ketoacidosis]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 663: Line 604:
! colspan="2" rowspan="3" |[[Systemic]]
! colspan="2" rowspan="3" |[[Systemic]]
![[Panic attack]]
![[Panic attack]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 684: Line 623:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Pregnancy]]
![[Pregnancy]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 705: Line 642:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Sepsis]]
![[Sepsis]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 727: Line 662:
! colspan="3" rowspan="3" |Organ system
! colspan="3" rowspan="3" |Organ system
! rowspan="3" |Diseases
! rowspan="3" |Diseases
! colspan="12" |Clinical manifestations
! colspan="11" |Clinical manifestations
! colspan="6" rowspan="2" |Diagnosis
! colspan="5" rowspan="2" |Diagnosis
! rowspan="3" |Other features
! rowspan="3" |Other features
|- style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;"
|- style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;"
! colspan="6" |Symptoms
! colspan="6" |Symptoms
! colspan="6" |Physical exam
! colspan="5" |Physical exam
|- style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;"
|- style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;"
!Loss of consciousness
!Loss of consciousness
Line 744: Line 679:
!JVD
!JVD
!Peripheral edema
!Peripheral edema
!Tenderness
!Auscultation
!Auscultation
!CBC
!CBC
!ESR
!ABG
!ABG
!Imaging
!Imaging
Line 759: Line 692:
Upper [[airway]]
Upper [[airway]]
![[Goiter]]
![[Goiter]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 780: Line 711:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Laryngeal cancer|Laryngeal adenocarcinoma]]
![[Laryngeal cancer|Laryngeal adenocarcinoma]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 801: Line 730:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Vocal cord paralysis]]
![[Vocal cord paralysis]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 822: Line 749:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Tracheal stenosis]]
![[Tracheal stenosis]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 845: Line 770:
Lower [[airway]]
Lower [[airway]]
![[Bronchial asthma]]
![[Bronchial asthma]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 866: Line 789:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Bronchiectasis]]
![[Bronchiectasis]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 887: Line 808:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[COPD]]
![[COPD]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 908: Line 827:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Emphysema]]
![[Emphysema]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 929: Line 846:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Pulmonary hypertension]]
![[Pulmonary hypertension]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 950: Line 865:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Interstitial lung disease]]
![[Interstitial lung disease]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 971: Line 884:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Sarcoidosis]]
![[Sarcoidosis]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 992: Line 903:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Alveolitis]]
![[Alveolitis]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 1,013: Line 922:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Bronchiolitis obliterans]]
![[Bronchiolitis obliterans]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 1,034: Line 941:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Cystic fibrosis]]
![[Cystic fibrosis]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 1,055: Line 960:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Pleural effusion]]
![[Pleural effusion]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 1,076: Line 979:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Pulmonary shunt|Pulmonary right-to-left shunt]]
![[Pulmonary shunt|Pulmonary right-to-left shunt]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 1,097: Line 998:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Phrenic nerve paralysis|Phrenic nerve palsy]]
![[Phrenic nerve paralysis|Phrenic nerve palsy]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 1,118: Line 1,017:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Tuberculosis]]
![[Tuberculosis]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 1,140: Line 1,037:
! colspan="2" rowspan="7" |[[Cardiovascular system]]
! colspan="2" rowspan="7" |[[Cardiovascular system]]
![[Constrictive pericarditis]]
![[Constrictive pericarditis]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 1,161: Line 1,056:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Restrictive cardiomyopathy]]
![[Restrictive cardiomyopathy]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 1,182: Line 1,075:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Valvular heart disease]]
![[Valvular heart disease]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 1,203: Line 1,094:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Bradyarrhythmia]]
![[Bradyarrhythmia]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 1,224: Line 1,113:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Pericardial effusion]]
![[Pericardial effusion]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 1,245: Line 1,132:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Coronary heart disease]]
![[Coronary heart disease]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 1,266: Line 1,151:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Ventricular septal defect|Intracardiac shunt]]
![[Ventricular septal defect|Intracardiac shunt]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 1,288: Line 1,171:
! colspan="2" rowspan="4" |[[Neuromuscular disease]]
! colspan="2" rowspan="4" |[[Neuromuscular disease]]
![[Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis]]
![[Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 1,309: Line 1,190:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Polymyositis]]/[[dermatomyositis]]
![[Polymyositis]]/[[dermatomyositis]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 1,330: Line 1,209:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Mitochondrial disease|Mitochondrial diseases]]
![[Mitochondrial disease|Mitochondrial diseases]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 1,351: Line 1,228:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[McArdle disease|Glycolytic enzyme defects (e.g., McArdle)]]
![[McArdle disease|Glycolytic enzyme defects (e.g., McArdle)]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 1,373: Line 1,248:
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |[[Toxic]]/[[Metabolic]]
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |[[Toxic]]/[[Metabolic]]
![[Metabolic acidosis]]
![[Metabolic acidosis]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 1,394: Line 1,267:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Renal failure]]
![[Renal failure]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 1,416: Line 1,287:
! colspan="2" rowspan="6" |[[Systemic]]
! colspan="2" rowspan="6" |[[Systemic]]
![[Anemia]]
![[Anemia]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 1,437: Line 1,306:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Anxiety]]
![[Anxiety]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 1,458: Line 1,325:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Ascites]]
![[Ascites]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 1,479: Line 1,344:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Depression]]
![[Depression]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 1,500: Line 1,363:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Kyphoscoliosis]]
![[Kyphoscoliosis]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 1,521: Line 1,382:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Obesity]]
![[Obesity]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 1,543: Line 1,402:
! colspan="2" rowspan="4" |[[Autoimmune]]
! colspan="2" rowspan="4" |[[Autoimmune]]
![[Churg-Strauss syndrome]]
![[Churg-Strauss syndrome]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 1,564: Line 1,421:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Microscopic polyangiitis]]
![[Microscopic polyangiitis]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
Line 1,585: Line 1,440:
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Wegener's granulomatosis]]
![[Wegener's granulomatosis]]
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
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|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
|- style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |
![[Goodpasture disease|Goodpasture's disease]]
![[Goodpasture disease|Goodpasture's disease]]
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! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
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! style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |

Revision as of 20:50, 12 February 2018

Dyspnea Microchapters

Patient Information

Overview

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Dyspnea from other Diseases

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Differential Diagnosis

  • Air hunger - the sensation of an urgent need to breathe, sensation that you cannot take in a full breath
  • Tachypnea - breathing rapidly
  • Bradypnea - breathing slowly
  • Eupnea - normal unlabored breathing
  • Orthopnea - dyspnea that occurs with lying flat
  • Trepopnea - an abnormal awareness of one's own breathing that is seen in one lateral position but not in the other
  • Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea - sudden, severe shortness of breath at night that awakens a person from sleep, often with coughing and wheezing.

 Shortness of breath/Dyspnea

Organ system Diseases Clinical manifestations Diagnosis Other features
Symptoms Physical exam
Loss of consciousness Agitation Weight loss Fever Chest pain Cough Cyanosis Clubbing JVD Peripheral edema Auscultation CBC ABG Imaging Spirometry Gold standard
Acute Dyspnea Respiratory system Head and Neck,

Upper airway

Angioedema - - - - - +/- - +/- - ++ Normal Normal ↓O2, ↑CO2 Normal ↓Vt, ↑RV Physical exam Generalized edema
Anaphylaxis + + - +/- - - +/- - - - Scattered wheeze Normal Normal Normal ↓Vt, ↑RV Vital sign Type 1 hypersensitivity
Aspiration - + - - +/- + + - - - Diminished breath sounds Normal Normal Atelectasis ↓Vt, ↑RV Bronchoscopy Choking
Croup - + - +/- - + + - - - Stridor ↑WBC Normal Steeple sign Normal Physical exam Barking cough
Epiglottitis - + - + - + - - - - Stridor ↑WBC Normal Thumb sign Normal Laryngoscopy Drooling
Rhinosinusitis - - - + - +/- - - - - Normal ↑WBC Normal Sinus inflammation Normal Physical exam Headache
Vocal cord dysfunction - - - - - +/- - - - - Stridor Normal Normal Normal ↓ FVC Laryngoscopy Choking sensation
Chest and Pleura,

Lower airway

Asthma attack - + - - +/- + + - - - Wheeze ↑ Eosinophil Respiratory alkalosis Normal ↓ FEV1/FVC Physical exam and

Spirometry

Chest pain
Bronchitis - - - + + + - - - - Rhonchi  ↑WBC Normal Normal Normal Physical exam Rhonchi relieved by cough
Bronchospasm
Bronchiolitis
COPD exacerbation
Lung carcinoma
Pneumonia
Pneumothorax
Pulmonary embolism
Rib fractures (flail chest)
Cardiovascular system Acute myocardial ischemia
Acute heart failure
Pericardial tamponade
Tachyarrhythmia
Pulmonary edema
Central nervous system Stroke
Encephalitis
Traumatic brain injury
Toxic/Metabolic Organophosphate poisoning
Salicylate poisoning
Carbon monoxide poisoning
Diabetic ketoacidosis
Systemic Panic attack
Pregnancy
Sepsis
Organ system Diseases Clinical manifestations Diagnosis Other features
Symptoms Physical exam
Loss of consciousness Agitation Weight loss Fever Chest pain Cough Cyanosis Clubbing JVD Peripheral edema Auscultation CBC ABG Imaging PFT Gold standard
Chronic Dyspnea Respiratory system Head and Neck,

Upper airway

Goiter
Laryngeal adenocarcinoma
Vocal cord paralysis
Tracheal stenosis
Chest and Pleura,

Lower airway

Bronchial asthma
Bronchiectasis
COPD
Emphysema
Pulmonary hypertension
Interstitial lung disease
Sarcoidosis
Alveolitis
Bronchiolitis obliterans
Cystic fibrosis
Pleural effusion
Pulmonary right-to-left shunt
Phrenic nerve palsy
Tuberculosis
Cardiovascular system Constrictive pericarditis
Restrictive cardiomyopathy
Valvular heart disease
Bradyarrhythmia
Pericardial effusion
Coronary heart disease
Intracardiac shunt
Neuromuscular disease Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Polymyositis/dermatomyositis
Mitochondrial diseases
Glycolytic enzyme defects (e.g., McArdle)
Toxic/Metabolic Metabolic acidosis
Renal failure
Systemic Anemia
Anxiety
Ascites
Depression
Kyphoscoliosis
Obesity
Autoimmune Churg-Strauss syndrome
Microscopic polyangiitis
Wegener's granulomatosis
Goodpasture's disease

References

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