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{{Cystic fibrosis}}
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==Overview==
==Overview==
A multitude of tests is used to identify complications of CF and to monitor disease progression.
[[Immunoreactive trypsinogen]] (IRT) of [[serum]] is raised in newborns with cystic fibrosis and has been used as a [[Screening (medicine)|screening test]]. Also [[Iron deficiency anemia]] is common in patients with cystic fibrosis.


==Laboratory Findings==
==Laboratory Findings==
Cystic fibrosis may be diagnosed by many different categories of testing including those such as, [[newborn screening]], [[sweat test]]ing, or [[genetic testing]]. As of 2006 in the United States, 10 percent of cases are diagnosed shortly after birth as part of newborn screening programs. The newborn screen initially measures for raised blood concentration of [[immunoreactive trypsinogen]].<ref>Davies J et al. Cystic Fibrosis. BMJ. 2007 Dec 15;335(7632):1255–59.</ref> However, most states and countries do not screen for CF routinely at birth. Therefore, most individuals are diagnosed after symptoms prompt an evaluation for cystic fibrosis. The most commonly-used form of testing is the sweat test. Sweat-testing involves application of a medication that stimulates sweating ([[pilocarpine]]) to one [[electrode]] of an apparatus and running [[electric current]] to a separate electrode on the skin. This process, called [[iontophoresis]], causes sweating; the sweat is then collected on filter paper or in a capillary tube and analyzed for abnormal amounts of [[sodium]] and [[chloride]]. People with CF have increased amounts of sodium and chloride in their sweat. CF can also be diagnosed by identification of mutations in the CFTR gene.<ref>Stern, RC. ''The diagnosis of cystic fibrosis.'' N Engl J Med 1997; 336:487. PMID 9017943</ref> [[Sputum culture|Examination of the sputum]] under a [[microscope]] is used to identify which bacteria are causing infection so that [[Antibiotic resistance|effective]] antibiotics can be given. [[Blood test]]s can identify liver problems, [[Avitaminosis|vitamin deficiencies]], and the onset of diabetes.
* [[Immunoreactive trypsinogen]] (IRT) of [[serum]] is raised in newborns with cystic fibrosis and has been used as a [[Screening (medicine)|screening test]].<ref name="pmid2704582">{{cite journal |vauthors=Rock MJ, Mischler EH, Farrell PM, Bruns WT, Hassemer DJ, Laessig RH |title=Immunoreactive trypsinogen screening for cystic fibrosis: characterization of infants with a false-positive screening test |journal=Pediatr. Pulmonol. |volume=6 |issue=1 |pages=42–8 |date= 1989 |pmid=2704582 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
* [[Complete blood count|'''Complete blood count''']]''':''' [[Iron deficiency anemia]] is common in patients with cystic fibrosis and can be related to GI problems and chronic [[inflammation]].<ref name="pmid11796431">{{cite journal |vauthors=Reid DW, Withers NJ, Francis L, Wilson JW, Kotsimbos TC |title=Iron deficiency in cystic fibrosis: relationship to lung disease severity and chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection |journal=Chest |volume=121 |issue=1 |pages=48–54 |date=January 2002 |pmid=11796431 |doi= |url=}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
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[[Category:Medicine]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
[[Category:Pediatrics]]
[[Category:Pulmonology]]

Latest revision as of 20:39, 29 March 2018

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Shaghayegh Habibi, M.D.[2]

Overview

Immunoreactive trypsinogen (IRT) of serum is raised in newborns with cystic fibrosis and has been used as a screening test. Also Iron deficiency anemia is common in patients with cystic fibrosis.

Laboratory Findings

References

  1. Rock MJ, Mischler EH, Farrell PM, Bruns WT, Hassemer DJ, Laessig RH (1989). "Immunoreactive trypsinogen screening for cystic fibrosis: characterization of infants with a false-positive screening test". Pediatr. Pulmonol. 6 (1): 42–8. PMID 2704582.
  2. Reid DW, Withers NJ, Francis L, Wilson JW, Kotsimbos TC (January 2002). "Iron deficiency in cystic fibrosis: relationship to lung disease severity and chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection". Chest. 121 (1): 48–54. PMID 11796431.

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