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==Classification==
==Classification==
Ascites can be classified based on etiology:
* Portal hypertension
** Cirrhosis
** Alcoholic hepatitis
** Acute liver failure
** Hepatic veno-occlusive disease
** Heart failure
** Constrictive pericarditis
** Hemodialysis-associated ascites
* Hypoalbuminemia
** Nephrotic syndrome
** Protein-losing enteropathy
** Severe malnutrition
* Peritoneal disease
** Malignant ascites
** Infectious peritonitis
** Eosinophilic gastroenteritis
** Starch granulomatous peritonitis
** Peritoneal dialysis
** Multicystic mesothelioma (peritoneal inclusion cysts)
* Other etiologies
** Chylous ascites
** Pancreatic ascites
** Myxedema
** Hemoperitoneum
** Urologic injury
Ascites is broadly classified as two types based on the [[Serum-ascites albumin gradient]] (SAAG):
Ascites is broadly classified as two types based on the [[Serum-ascites albumin gradient]] (SAAG):
* Transudate - SAAG > 1.1 g/dL (indicates the ascites is due to [[portal hypertension]]).
* Transudate - SAAG > 1.1 g/dL (indicates the ascites is due to [[portal hypertension]]).

Revision as of 21:05, 5 January 2018

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: M.Umer Tariq [2]

Overview

Classification

Ascites can be classified based on etiology:

  • Portal hypertension
    • Cirrhosis
    • Alcoholic hepatitis
    • Acute liver failure
    • Hepatic veno-occlusive disease
    • Heart failure
    • Constrictive pericarditis
    • Hemodialysis-associated ascites
  • Hypoalbuminemia
    • Nephrotic syndrome
    • Protein-losing enteropathy
    • Severe malnutrition
  • Peritoneal disease
    • Malignant ascites
    • Infectious peritonitis
    • Eosinophilic gastroenteritis
    • Starch granulomatous peritonitis
    • Peritoneal dialysis
    • Multicystic mesothelioma (peritoneal inclusion cysts)
  • Other etiologies
    • Chylous ascites
    • Pancreatic ascites
    • Myxedema
    • Hemoperitoneum
    • Urologic injury

Ascites is broadly classified as two types based on the Serum-ascites albumin gradient (SAAG):

  • Transudate - SAAG > 1.1 g/dL (indicates the ascites is due to portal hypertension).
  • Exudate - SAAG < 1.1 g/dL (indicates the ascites is due to non-portal hypertension etiology).

References

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